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Grade 10 NotesProblem Solving

The document contains sample practice problems and solutions for Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, and Gay-Lussac's Law. It gives the formulas, states the known values, identifies the unknown value, and shows the step-by-step work to find the solution. The first problem uses Boyle's Law to find the ground level pressure of a helium balloon. The second problem uses Boyle's Law to determine the final volume of a gas sample at a different pressure. The third problem uses Boyle's Law to calculate the final pressure of an ideal gas that expanded its volume.

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97 views5 pages

Grade 10 NotesProblem Solving

The document contains sample practice problems and solutions for Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, and Gay-Lussac's Law. It gives the formulas, states the known values, identifies the unknown value, and shows the step-by-step work to find the solution. The first problem uses Boyle's Law to find the ground level pressure of a helium balloon. The second problem uses Boyle's Law to determine the final volume of a gas sample at a different pressure. The third problem uses Boyle's Law to calculate the final pressure of an ideal gas that expanded its volume.

Uploaded by

allijah gwyneth dales
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Grade 10 – Practice Notes

Boyle’s Law
A helium balloon has a volume of 735 mL at ground level. The balloon is transported to
an elevation of 5 km, where the pressure is 0.8 atm. At this altitude, the gas occupies a
volume of 1286 mL. Assuming that the temperature is constant, what was the ground
level pressure?
Answer: Given
Initial Volume (V1) = 735 mL
Final Pressure (P2) = 0.8 atm
Final Volume (V2) = 1286 mL
To Find: Initial Pressure (P1) = ?
We can calculate the initial pressure of the gas using Boyle’s law.
P1 V1 = P2 V2
P 1 (735 mL) = 0.8 atm (1286 mL)

P 1 (735 mL) = 0.8 atm (1286 mL)


735 mL 735 mL

P1 = 1028.8 atm
735

P1 = 1.39 atm
Hence, the ground level pressure is 1.39 atm.

A sample of oxygen gas has a volume of 225 mL when its pressure is 1.12 atm. What
will the volume of the gas be at a pressure of 0.98 atm if the temperature remains
constant?
Answer: Given
Initial Volume (V1 ) = 225 mL
Initial Pressure (P1 ) = 1.12 atm
Final Pressure (P2 ) = 0.98 atm
To Find: Final Volume (V 2 ) = ?
We can calculate the final volume of the gas using Boyle’s law.
P1 V1 = P2 V2
1.12 atm (225 mL) = 0.98 atm (V 2 )

1.12 atm (225 mL) = 0.98 atm (V 2 )


0.98 atm 0.98 atm

252 mL = V 2
0.98

V 2 = 257.14 mL
Hence, the final volume of the gas at pressure of 0.98 atm is equivalent to 257.14 mL.

An ideal gas occupying a 2.0 L flask at 760 torrs is allowed to expand to a volume of
6,000 mL. Calculate the final pressure.
Convert: mL to L
1000 mL = 1 L
6000 mL = 1L
1000 mL

6000 L
1000

=6L

Answer: Given
Initial Volume (V1 ) = 2 L
Initial Pressure (P1 ) = 760 torrs
Final Volume (V2 ) = 6000 mL = 6 L
To Find: Final Pressure (P 2 ) = ?
We can calculate the final pressure of the gas using Boyle’s law.
P1 V1 = P2 V2
760 torr (2 L) = P2 (6 L)
760 torr (2 L) = P2 (6 L)
6L 6L

1520 torrs = P2
6

P2 = 253.33 torrs
Hence the final pressure of the gas at volume of 6 L is equivalent to 253.33 torrs.
Charles’ Law
Problem #1: Calculate the decrease in temperature (in Celsius) when 2.00 L at 21.0 °C
is compressed to 1.00 L.

Formula: V1 V2
T1 T2

Convert: °Celsius to Kelvin

21.0 °C + 273 = 294 K

Solution:

2.00 L = 1.00 L
294 K T2

1 2.00 L = 1.00 L 1
1.00 L 294 K T2 1.00 L

2.00 = 1
1.00 (294 K) T2

Cross multiply the values above, you’ll get:

2.00(T2) = 294 K

2.00(T2) = 294 K
2.00 2.00

T2 = 147 K

Problem #2: A gas occupies 900.0 mL at a temperature of 27.0 °C. What is the volume
at 132.0 °C?

Formula: V1 V2
T1 T2
Convert: °Celsius to Kelvin

T1 - 27.0 °C + 273 = 300 K


T2 - 132.0 °C + 273 = 405 K

Solution:

900.0 mL = V2
300 K 405 K

405 K 900.0 mL = V2 405 K


300 K 405 K

405 (900.0 mL) = V2


300

V2 = 1.215 mL

Gay-Lussac’s Law
Problem: You are trying to dispose of an aerosol container that has a pressure of 2.00
atm at 20°C. When the container is disposed of, it may increase to a temperature of
110°C. What would the pressure be at this temperature?

Convert: °Celsius to Kelvin

T1 - 20 °C + 273 = 293 K
T2 - 110°C + 273 = 383 K

Solution:

The equation for the Gay-Lussac’s law is:

P1 = P2
T1 T2

2.00 atm = P2
293 K 383 K
383 K 2.00 atm = P2 383 K
293 K 383 K

383 (2.00 atm) = P2


293

P2 = 2.61 atm

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