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Physic Meaning

This document defines and describes various physical quantities, motion concepts, forces, laws of motion, optics concepts, wave concepts, and sound concepts. It defines base and derived quantities, scalar and vector quantities, linear motion, speed, velocity and acceleration. It describes free fall, inertia, momentum, impulse, weight, forces, and Newton's three laws of motion. It also defines concepts related to light, reflection, refraction, total internal reflection, equilibrium, oscillations, waves, interference, diffraction, refraction of light waves, and more.

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AUFA INSYIRAH BINTI MOHD NIZAM Moe
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30 views

Physic Meaning

This document defines and describes various physical quantities, motion concepts, forces, laws of motion, optics concepts, wave concepts, and sound concepts. It defines base and derived quantities, scalar and vector quantities, linear motion, speed, velocity and acceleration. It describes free fall, inertia, momentum, impulse, weight, forces, and Newton's three laws of motion. It also defines concepts related to light, reflection, refraction, total internal reflection, equilibrium, oscillations, waves, interference, diffraction, refraction of light waves, and more.

Uploaded by

AUFA INSYIRAH BINTI MOHD NIZAM Moe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Base quantity physical quantity which cannot be derived from another physical quantity.

Derived quantity
Scalar quantity are physical quantities that have magnitude only
Vector quantity physical quantities that have both magnitude and direction.
Linear motion Motion in a straight line
Speed Rate of change of distance travelled
Velocity Rate of change of displacement
Acceleration Rate of change of velocity
Free fall affected only by gravitational force, object doesnt experience other forces
Inertia The tendency of an object to oppose any changes at its original states
Momentum Product of mass and velocity
Principle of conservation of The total momentum of a system is always fixed if there is n o external force
momentum on a system
Impuls Change of momentum
Impulsive force The rate of change of momentum in a collision or impact in a short
period of time.
Weight Measurement of the gravitational force on body
Force Anything that changes the state of rest/motion of an object moving in straigh
Newton first law An object will remain at rest or continue with a constant speed in a straight li
unless acted on by unbalanced force
Newton second law The acceleration of an body, a is directly proportional to the net force acting
& inversely proportional to mass, M
Newton third law For every action, there is an equal & opposite direction

Light Form of energy that enables us to see


Laws of reflection
1st law Angle of incidence = angle of reflection
2nd law Incidence ray, normal & reflection ray lie in the same plane
Laws of refraction
1st law (snell’s law) The ratio of sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is
constant
2nd law Incidence ray, normal & reflection ray lie in the same plane
Total internal reflection Beam of light
Critical angle Amgle of incidence in an optically more dense medium which results in angle of
refraction of 90 in an optically less dense
Equilibrium position The position of an object where there is no resultant force acts on the object
Amplitude Maximum displacement of the object from their equilibrium position
Period Time taken for one complete oscillation
Frequency The number of complete oscillation per second
Natural frequency The frequency of any oscillation of a system without any external forces are
exerted on system
Resonance Phenomenon when frequency or forced vibrations on an object matches the
object’s natural frequency & dramatic increase in amplitude result
Damping Oscillations die down due to loss of energy to friction forces
Wavelength The distance from one wave crest to the next
Wavespeed The distance moved by wave in 1 second
Crest The point where a wave causes max +ve displacement of the medium
Trough The point where a wave causes max –ve displacement of the medium
Compression Region along a longitudinal wave where the pressure & density of particle higher
than when no wave is passing
Rarefaction Region along a longitudinal wave where the pressure & density of particle lower
than when no wave is passing
Transverse waves Waves which particles of the medium vibrate in the direction perpendicular
to the direction of propagation of the wave.
Longitudinal wave Waves which particles of the medium vibrate in the direction parallel to the
direction of propagation of the wave.
Echo Phenomenon when a sound wave has been reflected off a surface, & is heard after
the original sound
Reflection of waves  Wavelength, frequency, speed, v same
 Direction of propagation of the wave changed
Refraction of waves A phenomenon when wave travel from one medium to another medium and
change it’s speed & direction
 Frequency,f same
 Wavelength, speed & direction changed
Diffraction of waves The spreading & bending of waves as they pass through an aperture/round the
edge of barrier
 Wavelength, frequency, speed, same
 Amplitude decrease
 Direction of propagation & wave patter change
Interference wave Superposition of 2 waves originating from 2 coherent sources
Constructive waves Crests/trough of both waves coincide to produce a wave with max amplitude
Destructive waves occurs when a crest and coincide with the trough of other waves to produce zero a
wave with 0 amplitude
Antinode Point where total displacement is maximum or minimum
Node Point where total displacement zero
Refraction of light waves Phenomenon where the direction & speed of light change when it crossed
boundary between to materials of different optical densities

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