INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

(SESSION 2019-2023)

SUBMITTED BY:

MUHAMMAD IMRAN ANWAR

19CT003

SUPERVISED BY:

ENGR. DR. MUHAMMAD HASEEB ALVI

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY LAHORE

I
 INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

Name: Muhammad Imran Anwar

Student Roll No: 19CT003

Industrial Training Course: Supervised Industrial/ Field Training

Training Period: 16 Weeks

Training Organization: SKOR Construction

II
DECLARATION

Declaration

The work reported in this project was carried out by, Muhammad Imran
Anwar Reg. No. 19CT003 under the Supervision of Engr. Dr.
Muhammad Haseeb Alvi, department of Civil Engineering Technology,
Punjab Tianjin University of Technology Lahore.
I hereby declare that the title of project “Urban Regeneration of Walton
Central Business District (CBD), Lahore Phase-1” and the contents of
project is the productof my own Work. I further declare that this work has
not been submitted for award ofany other degree / diploma. The University
may take action if the information provided is found inaccurate at any
stage.

Muhammad Imran Anwar

19CT003
Signature of the Student

III
ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Acknowledgment
With the humblest and sincerest words, I thank Almighty Allah, the
Sympathetic and Gracious, who bestowed upon me the potential and
ability to contribute a drop of material in the existing ocean of knowledge.
I solicit peace for the Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (Peace Be Upon
Him), who is forever a torch of guidance and knowledgefor humanity. I
would like to thank many people that made this work possible. I wouldlike
to thank my caring and kind adviser, Engr. Dr. Haseeb Alvi for inspiring
me to trymy best and for always being available for guidance and advice.

IV
ABSTRACT

Abstract

Skor Construction is a reputable construction company that has been

selected by CBD (Client) to undertake an internship project involving
drainage work. This abstract provides an overview of the proposed project,
highlighting the scope of work, key objectives, and the significance of the
internship.
The internship with CBD focuses specifically on drainage work, which
entails the construction, repair, and maintenance of drainage systems. Skor
Construction has been entrusted with this project based on its expertise and
proven track record in theconstruction industry. The primary objective of
the internship is to provide hands-on experience to the interns in the field
of drainage work.
By actively participating in the project under the guidance of experienced
professionals, the interns will gain practical knowledgeand skills related to
drainage system installation, troubleshooting, and safety protocols. The
significance of this internship lies in its potential to bridge the gap between
theoretical education and real-world application.
Through practical exposure to drainage work, the interns will develop a
deeper understanding of construction practices, project management, and
teamwork. Additionally, this internship willenhance their problem-solving
abilities and enable them to adapt to challenges commonly encountered in
construction projects.
Skor Construction is committed to ensuring the safety of the interns
throughout theproject. Strict adherence to safety regulations, the provision
of appropriate personalprotective equipment, and regular training on safety
procedures are integral components of the company's approach to
maintaining a secure working environment. By successfully completing
this internship, the interns will acquire valuable industry experience,
bolster their resumes, and increase their employability in the construction
sector.
Skor Construction and CBD are confident that this collaboration will be
mutually beneficial, fostering professional growth for the interns and
contributing to the successful completion of the drainage work project.

V
ABSTRACT

Overall, the internship program between Skor Construction and CBD

offers a promising opportunity for aspiring construction professionals to
gain practical knowledge, refine their skills, and prepare themselves for a
rewarding career in the construction.

VI
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents

1 Chapter 01 Company Profile .............................................................................1

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Services: ........................................................................................................ 1
1.3 Quality Construction is Our Benchmark: ...................................................... 1
1.4 Corporate Statement: ..................................................................................... 2
1.5 Vision: ........................................................................................................... 2
1.6 Mission: ......................................................................................................... 2
1.7 Core Values: .................................................................................................. 2
1.8 QHSE Policy: ................................................................................................ 2
1.9 Previous Projects: .......................................................................................... 3
1.10 Current Projects: ........................................................................................ 3
1.11 Clients: .......................................................................................................... 3
2 Chapter 02 Schedule of Training & Duties as Trainee ....................................4
2.1 Title or Position Occupied in an Organization: ............................................. 4
2.2 Duties and Responsibilities: .......................................................................... 4
2.3 Weekly Schedule of Training ........................................................................ 6
2.3.1 Week 01 to 04: ....................................................................................... 6
2.3.2 Week 05 to 08: ....................................................................................... 7
2.3.3 Week 09 to 12: ....................................................................................... 8
2.3.4 Week 13 to 16: ....................................................................................... 9
3 Chapter 03 Project Details ...............................................................................10
3.1 Introduction: ................................................................................................ 10
3.2 Construction Stage Implementation Arrangements: ................................... 11
a) Project Proponent: ................................................................................... 11
b) Project Director:....................................................................................... 11
c) Supervision Consultant: ........................................................................... 11
d) Project Contractor: ................................................................................... 11
e) Project Sub-Contractors: .......................................................................... 12
3.3 Current Project Progress: ............................................................................ 14
3.4 Regulatory Requirements ............................................................................ 14
3.5 Mandatory Environmental Permit (No Objection Certificate) .................... 15
3.6 Contract Document: .................................................................................... 15
3.7 Location Map............................................................................................... 16
VII
TABLE OF CONTENTS

4 Chapter 04 Working Experience .....................................................................17

4.1 Supervisory Works: Layout: ........................................................................ 17
4.2 Total Station: ............................................................................................... 17
4.2.1 Prism Poles or range poles: .................................................................. 17
4.3 Auto levels: ................................................................................................. 18
4.4 Leveling Staff: ............................................................................................. 19
4.4.1 Calculation height of instrument: ......................................................... 19
4.5 Excavation: .................................................................................................. 20
4.6 Thrust boring: .............................................................................................. 21
4.7 Catchpit (A)/Chamber: ................................................................................ 23
4.8 Wet Well (A&B): ......................................................................................... 24
4.9 Dry Well: ..................................................................................................... 27
4.9.1 Below the ground: ................................................................................ 28
4.9.2 Above the ground: ............................................................................... 28
4.10 Sinking: .................................................................................................... 31
4.11 Catchpit B:................................................................................................... 33
4.12 Storm Water Retention Tank: .................................................................. 34
4.13 SWRT Manholes:..................................................................................... 37
4.14 Catchpit C & Chamber: ........................................................................... 38
4.15 Quality Management System in Place ..................................................... 39
4.15.1 Environment Compliance: ................................................................... 39
4.15.2 Environmental Sampling & Monitoring: ............................................. 39
4.15.3 Compliance Status of Emp During Construction Stage ....................... 40
4.16 Safety at work: ......................................................................................... 56
4.17 Problems encountered:............................................................................. 58
4.17.1 Problems solving process: .................................................................... 60
4.18 Skill Acquired: ......................................................................................... 64
5 Chapter 05 Conclusion .....................................................................................66
6 References ..........................................................................................................67
7 Appendix ............................................................................................................68
7.1 Appendix-1: Supporting Documents & Drawings: ..................................... 68
7.2 Appendix-2: Reports ................................................................................... 74
7.2.1 Environmental Approvals .................................................................... 74
7.3 Appendix-3: Letters..................................................................................... 83

VIII
LIST OF FIGURES

List of Figures
Chapter 3
Figure 3. 1: Map Location...........................................................................................16
Chapter 4
Figure 4. 1: Total Station............................................................................................ 17
Figure 4. 2: Prism ....................................................................................................... 18
Figure 4. 3: Auto Level .............................................................................................. 18
Figure 4. 4: Leveling Staff ......................................................................................... 19
Figure 4. 5: Excavation .............................................................................................. 20
Figure 4. 6: Check Thrust Bore Level ........................................................................ 21
Figure 4. 7: Inserting RCC Pipe and Backfilling ....................................................... 22
Figure 4. 8: Thrust Boring.......................................................................................... 22
Figure 4. 9: Concreting up to G.L .............................................................................. 23
Figure 4. 10:Steel Fixing for Chamber ...................................................................... 23
Figure 4. 11: Main Hole ............................................................................................. 24
Figure 4. 12: Concreting for Slab............................................................................... 24
Figure 4. 14: Kerb Concreting ................................................................................... 25
Figure 4. 15: Brick Work on Kerb for Core Wall ....................................................... 26
Figure 4. 16: Link RCC Pipe to Wet Well .................................................................. 27
Figure 4. 17: Differ Dry and Wet well. ...................................................................... 28
Figure 4. 19: Brick Masonry & Columns Casting ..................................................... 29
Figure 4. 18: Mechanical Pumps................................................................................ 29
Figure 4. 20: RCC Slab and Parapet .......................................................................... 30
Figure 4. 21: Dry and Wet Wells Sections ................................................................. 30
Figure 4. 22: Sinking.................................................................................................. 32
Figure 4. 23: Shuttering and Steel Fixing .................................................................. 33
Figure 4. 24: RCC Catchpit and RCC Slab ................................................................ 33
Figure 4. 25: Steel Fixing for SWRT Bed and Walls ................................................. 34
Figure 4. 30: Shuttering for Manhole ........................................................................ 37
Figure 4. 31: Small Manholes .................................................................................... 37
Figure 4. 32: Chamber Steel Fixing ........................................................................... 38

IX
LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 4. 33: Catchpit C along RCC Chamber .......................................................... 38

Figure 4. 34: Barrers .................................................................................................. 58
Figure 4. 35:Hazard Tapes ......................................................................................... 58
Figure 4. 36: Heavy Rain fall ..................................................................................... 59
Figure 4. 37: Media Broadcasting .............................................................................. 60
Figure 4. 38: Portable Generator and Water Tank ...................................................... 62
Figure 4. 39: Excavator for Aggregate Adjustment ................................................... 62
Figure 4. 40: Aggregates to Block Water Flow .......................................................... 63
Figure 4. 41: After Clearing Rainwater ...................................................................... 63
Chapter 5
Figure 5. 1: Foundation Plan SWRT .......................................................................... 68
Figure 5. 2: Layout Plan SWRT ................................................................................. 68
Figure 5. 3: Roof Plan SWRT .................................................................................... 69
Figure 5. 4: Cross Section of SWRT .......................................................................... 69
Figure 5. 5: Foundation Plan of Wells ....................................................................... 70
Figure 5. 6: Section Details of Wells ......................................................................... 71
Figure 5. 7: Manhole Sections ................................................................................... 72
Figure 5. 8: Roof Plan of SWRT ................................................................................ 73
Figure 5. 9: Environmental Approvals A ................................................................... 74
Figure 5. 10: Environmental Approvals B ................................................................. 75
Figure 5. 11:Environmental Approvals C .................................................................. 76
Figure 5. 12: Air Monitoring Report .......................................................................... 77
Figure 5. 13:Air Monitoring Report B ....................................................................... 78
Figure 5. 14: Noise Monitoring Report...................................................................... 79
Figure 5. 15: Drinking water Report .......................................................................... 80
Figure 5. 16: Drinking Water Report ......................................................................... 81
Figure 5. 17: Wastewater Report ................................................................................ 82
Figure 5. 18: Recommendation Letter ....................................................................... 83
Figure 5. 19: Acceptance Letter ................................................................................. 84
Figure 5. 20: Internship Letter ................................................................................... 85

X
LIST OF TABLES

List of Tables
CHAPTER 2
Table 2. 1: Week 1 to 4 ..................................................................................................6
Table 2. 2: Week 5 to 8 ..................................................................................................7
Table 2. 3: Week 9 to 12 ................................................................................................8
Table 2. 4: Week 13 to 16..............................................................................................9
Table 2. 5: Disposal Plant ...........................................................................................13
CHAPTER 4
Table 4. 1: Detail of Environmental Monitoring Parameters and Locations ..............39
Table 4. 2: Compliance Status of Emp During Construction Stage ............................40

XI
CHAPTER 01 COMPANY PROFILE

1 Chapter 01 Company Profile

1.1 Introduction
SKOR Construction is one of the fastest growing and most admired infrastructure
development companies in Pakistan. It has expertise in executing large and complex
infrastructure projects. The company is driven to deliver projects ‘On-Time without
Cost Overrun’ using world class project management techniques and has
uncompromising standards of quality, safety and sustainability.
SKOR Construction is a diversified infrastructure conglomerate with specialization in
highways, motorways, flyover & bridges, buildings, power & energy and air port
drainage works etc. The Company is responsible for landmark projects that have
defined the country’s progress. Today, the company stands tall in the construction
industry of Pakistan as the pioneer of ‘Fast Track’ project execution culture.
Transforming challenges into opportunities has been the hallmark of the company, ever
since its inception.
Every SKOR Construction Service initiative hopes to empower the lives of the people
connected to it. The progress of our people powers the progress of our company. Every
accomplishment becomes a foundation for us to do better, to dream bigger, and create
a better future.

1.2 Services:
Top construction company Habib Construction Services has an unparalleled track
record in developing, executing, and managing the most modern and intricate projects
in the history of Pakistan. With the use of most advance technology, unmatched
construction benchmarks and professionalism, commercial contractor company Habib
Construction Services has left its mark all over Pakistan and laid the foundations for
new standards of quality and engineering innovations for others to follow.

1.3 Quality Construction is Our Benchmark:

Armed with the latest and cutting-edge equipment in the construction industry, top
infrastructure company SKOR Construction has developed a reputation for quality and
delivering projects within the agreed time frame and budget requirements. We know
that delivering world-class services is not possible without world-class machinery,

1
CHAPTER 01 COMPANY PROFILE

which is why we have acquired various top-of-the-line machines costing upwards of

millions of dollars to uphold the highest level of quality, customer satisfaction and our
reputation.

1.4 Corporate Statement:

SKOR Construction Services aspires to become the leader in the construction industry
in Pakistan. The company aims to raise the construction standards in Pakistan to global
levels by setting benchmarks for other construction companies to follow. The company
is renowned for maintaining the highest level of quality and meeting timelines. The
company has a corporate culture of fostering and encouraging leadership, and that
allows its employees to grow and prosper at a rapid pace.

1.5 Vision:
To provide comprehensive construction engineering solutions

1.6 Mission:
• To become a role model for other construction companies in Pakistan.
• To provide the highest level of service, while ensuring the utmost quality.
• To allow our employees an opportunity to grow with the company.
• To instill confidence in all parties through professional management at every
stage.

1.7 Core Values:

• Honesty: (Be truthful, open & candid)
• Integrity: (Be fair, ethical & fulfill promises)
• Culture: (learn-> improve-> teach-> contribute)
• Passion: (Love the job, Lead, Never hesitate)
• Maintaining loyal Clientele: (Integration through Alliances).
• Empowering Effective Corporate Communication: (Network, Inspire,
Mobilize, Achieve)
• Endorsing Proactive Planning: (Predict, Plan, Adapt)

1.8 QHSE Policy:

SKOR Construction Services is committed to maintaining international standards of
Quality, Health, Safety and Environment at all sites by:

2
CHAPTER 01 COMPANY PROFILE

• Ensuring compliance of all applicable legal and other requirements.

• Ensuring prevention of pollution.
• Safeguarding the health of employees.
• Providing awareness of policy to all stakeholders and interested parties.
• Addressing client requirements in the aforementioned areas.

1.9 Previous Projects:

SKOR Construction deals with many major projects in Punjab like following:
• Metro Bus Service
• Orange line
• Shahkaam Flyover
• Abdul star Edhi Underpass
• Lal Shahbaz Qalandar Underpass
• Construction of Kartar pur Corridor

1.10 Current Projects:

SKOR Construction currently deals with many projects all over Lahore city like
following:
• CBD Kalma chowk(drainage)
• Saman Abad Underpass Multan Road (drainage)
• Shahdara Flyover G.T Road
• Akbar chowk(pilling)
• Imamia Colony(pilling)

1.11 Clients:
SKOR Construction deal the following Clients:
• NLC • NHA
• PHA • PAEC
• LDA • MDA
• CAA • PHA
• BHERIA TOWN • C&W PUNJAB
• CDA
• General Headquarters Pakistan

3
CHAPTER 02 SCHEDULE OF TRAINING & DUTIES

2 Chapter 02 Schedule of Training & Duties as Trainee

2.1 Title or Position Occupied in an Organization:

I’m working as a Trainee Engineer in SKOR Construction (Construction Supervision)
ongoing project “Urban Regeneration of Walton Central Business District (CBD),
Lahore Phase-1, Kalma Chowk, Lahore”.

2.2 Duties and Responsibilities:

As a trainee engineer working in drainage work within the SKOR Construction, my
duties and responsibilities include the following:
a) Design support: Assisting senior engineers in the design process of drainage
systems, including stormwater management, sewer networks, and wastewater
treatment. This involves using computer-aided design (CAD) software,
conducting calculations, and reviewing design documents.
b) Surveying and site investigations: Assisting in surveying activities to collect
data related to drainage systems. This includes conducting topographic
surveys, assessing ground conditions, and identifying potential drainage issues.
c) Drainage system planning: Assisting in the planning and layout of drainage
systems based on project requirements and regulatory standards. This involves
analyzing site characteristics, determining pipe sizes, and evaluating hydraulic
capacities.
d) Construction supervision: Participating in on-site activities to oversee the
installation and construction of drainage systems. This includes monitoring the
progress, ensuring compliance with design specifications, and addressing any
technical issues that may arise.
e) Quantity takeoff and estimation: Assisting in the estimation of materials and
quantities required for drainage work. This involves preparing takeoff lists,
cost estimates, and assisting in budgeting activities.
f) Quality control and inspections: Conducting inspections and quality control
checks during various stages of drainage system installation. This includes.
g) assessing the quality of materials, verifying proper installation techniques, and
ensuring compliance with industry standards and regulations.
h) Health and safety compliance: Adhering to and promoting health and safety
regulations specific to drainage work. This involves identifying potential

4
CHAPTER 02 SCHEDULE OF TRAINING & DUTIES

hazards, implementing safety measures, and participating in safety training

programs.
i) Documentation and reporting: Maintaining accurate documentation of
drainage work, including drawings, specifications, and progress reports. This
also involves preparing as-built drawings to reflect the final installed drainage
system.
j) Collaboration and coordination: Collaborating with project teams, including
contractors, subcontractors, and other stakeholders, to ensure effective
communication and coordination throughout the drainage work. This includes
attending meetings, addressing design issues, and facilitating efficient project
progress.
k) Continuous learning and professional development: Actively seeking
opportunities to enhance my knowledge and skills related to drainage work.
This may involve attending company meetings, staying updated on new
technologies and regulations, and pursuing relevant certifications.

5
CHAPTER 02 SCHEDULE OF TRAINING & DUTIES

2.3 Weekly Schedule of Training

Table 2. 1: Week 1 to 4
2.3.1 Week 01 to 04:

Weeks From To Description

Week 01 06-03-23 11-03-23 • Thrust boring.
• Installing Casing of RCC
pipe
• Thrust boring across the road
end to piles.
• Excavating and pulling out of
loose soil
Week 02 13-03-23 18-03-23 • Excavation Wet Well A,
Pulling out loose soil.
• Casting RCC kerb
• Excavation Wet Well B,
Pulling out loose soil.
• Breaking Counter piles to link
underpass drain with thrust
boring.
Week 03 20-03-23 25-03-23
• Layout Dry Well
• Link RCC pipe to under pass
drain
• Casting kerb Wet Well A
• Sinking in both wet wells
pulling out loose soil
Week 04 27-03-23 01-04-23
• Concreting
• Casting kerb
• Excavation in SWRT and
Sinking both Wells.
• Brick work both wet wells
core walls
• Steel fixing

6
CHAPTER 02 SCHEDULE OF TRAINING & DUTIES

2.3.2 Week 05 to 08:

Table 2. 2: Week 5 to 8

Weeks From To Description

Week 05 03-04-23 08-04-23 • RCC pipe connect to drain.

• Brick work in wet wells
• Sinking of All wells
• Excavating and pulling out of
loose soil from SWRT
• Concert pouring to All walls

• Office work, Brick to All wells

Week 06 10-04-23 15-04-23
• SWRT steel fixing and concert
pouring
• Excavation Wet Well B,
Puling out loose soil
• Shuttering, sinking of all
wells, pulling out of loose soil
below the kerb

• Sinking of All wells, pulling

Week 07 17-04-23 22-04-23 out loose soil
• Shuttering SWRT for
columnscasting and steel
fixing
• Concreting of columns
• Steel fixing both wet wells

• Concreting both well walls

Week 08 24-04-23 29-04-23 • Querying of SWRT
• Dry wells brick work
• Office work, inspection of
consultant team and steel
fixing between wall of dry
wall

7
CHAPTER 02 SCHEDULE OF TRAINING & DUTIES

2.3.3 Week 09 to 12:

Table 2. 3: Week 9 to 12

Weeks From To Description

Week 09 01-05-23 06-05-23 • Brick work dry well

• Check leveling of all works.
• Sinking of wells and pulling
out of loose soil below kerb
• Steel fixing in both well walls
• Sinking of both wet wells and
Week 10 08-05-23 13-05-23
pulling out loose below kerb
• Opening of shuttering and
plaster and filling of columns
• Steel fixing in both wells’
walls and shuttering by sides
• Concreting and brick works
in catchpits.
• Concreting dry well
• Brick work wet well walls
Week 11 15-05-23 20-05-23
• Querying the SWRT walls
and Columns
• Sinking in both wet wells
pulling out loose soil below
the kerb by hands
• Office work inspection of
consultant team
• Brick work dry well and
Week 12 22-05-23 27-05-23
Querying of SWRT walls
• Concreting dry well pulling
out loose soil by hands.
• Brick work both wet wells

8
CHAPTER 02 SCHEDULE OF TRAINING & DUTIES

2.3.4 Week 13 to 16:

Table 2. 4: Week 13 to 16

Weeks From To Description

Week 13 29-05-23 03-06-23 • Open SWRT shuttering and
Querying columns
• Sinking wet wells and pullingout
loose soil below kerb
• Excavation B/w wet wells 8”
• Link dry well(pump room) to
both wet well respectively
Week 14 05-06-23 10-06-23
• Lean concreting, Steel fixing in
wet well for bed
• SWRT Querying side walls and
columns and shutteringfor roof
• Steel fixing and shuttering
Catchpit B, for SWRT roof
• Office work and inspection
• Concreting wet well for Bed
Week 15 12-06-23 17-06-23
• Excavation for pipeline, catchpit
Querying new structure.
• Wet wells roof shuttering and
steel fixing
• Concreting in roof, catchpit C
• Casting main holes and vents
• Concreting in parapet walls
Week 16 19-06-23 24-06-23 • Roof finishing, plasters
• Office work and Documents
clearance
• Concreting wet well for Bed

9
CHAPTER 03 PROJECT DETAILS

3 Chapter 03 Project Details

3.1 Introduction:
Establishment of versatile, state of the art Central Business District (CBD) projects are
the need of the hour to attract foreign and local investors besides further generating
economic activities in the country. Development of CBDs is an international model to
improve the life system and business process in the country.
Keeping in view this vision, the Government of Punjab has launched an excellent
project “Establishment of Walton Central Business District”, ideally located in the
heart of city through Lahore Central Business District Development Authority
(LCBDDA). The LCBDDA was recently transformed into Punjab Central Business
District Development Authority (PCBDDA) as an authorized body to introduce and
build high- quality vertical developments in the Punjab province. The central business
district of Lahore will be reflection of modern hub of commercial activities under one
umbrella and also matched with world class business establishments.
However, Central Business Districts (CBDs) are impeccable areas of traffic attractions
exacerbated by the increase of rapid population density, enormous urbanization, and
increasing economic and commercial activities. There is a great issue of parking in
Lahore. People Park their cars on road which contributes toward traffic congestion.
Considering the above scenario, construction of Parking Plaza, flyover and twin
underpasses was proposed to solve the traffic congestion problem.
The proposed Project involves construction of a Parking Plaza span over an area of 10
Kanels inside the CBD jurisdiction and allied flyover and twin underpasses (One
towards Ali Zaib Road and One towards CBD) to facilitate and ease the traffic volume.
The establishment of the Central Business Districts also involves infrastructure
development in order to sell plots for 5-star hotel, shopping mall, retail shopping areas,
office complexes, entertainment areas and development of upcoming commercial,
corporate and retail hub of the city conforming to international standards. Total
covered area of CBD Walton is 96 hectares (237.22 acres). Location map of the project
is shown in Figure-1. The tentative implementation period for proposed parking plaza,
allied flyover, twin underpasses, and infrastructure is twelve (12) months.
The guiding principles of these buildings will be to enhance city characteristics by
improving walkability and introducing smart infrastructure. PCBDDA has awarded
this project to National Logistic Cell (NLC).

10
CHAPTER 03 PROJECT DETAILS

The project comprises of two Packages.

• Package 1 (Infrastructure Development of Area)
• Package 2 (Construction of Parking Plaza)

3.2 Construction Stage Implementation Arrangements:

The following will represent the implementation arrangements of Parking Plaza,
underpass/flyover, and allied infrastructure.

a) Project Proponent:
Punjab Central Business District Development Authority (PCBDDA) is the Project
proponent and owner of this document. At construction stage, the Project is being
looked after by Project Director Office of PCBDDA as below:

b) Project Director:
Punjab Central Business District Development Authority 60-A Garden Block, Garden
Town, Lahore, Pakistan
The overall responsibility of Project proponent is to ensure that the proposed project
is implemented in an environmentally friendly manner.

c) Supervision Consultant:
The Supervision consultant/ the Engineer appointed by LCBDA for this project is
NESPAK. The representatives of NESPAK will perform the supervision consulting
duties throughout the Project. The overall responsibilities of the services are to review
the detail design of the Project, carry out construction design activities, construction
supervision as "The Engineer". Engineer is also supervising the environmental
monitoring and HSE compliance activities at Site. The Engineer’s Environment Team
oversees the performance of contractor to make sure that the contractor is carrying out
the work in accordance with Environmental Approval and EMP as mentioned in the
contract documents.

d) Project Contractor:
The Contractor is National Logistic Cell (NLC) for this project. The Contractor will
be bound through contract documents to appoint the Site HSE person with relevant
educational background and experience. HSE Expert of contractor will carry out the
implementation of the mitigation measures at construction site.

11
CHAPTER 03 PROJECT DETAILS

e) Project Sub-Contractors:
The Sub-Contractors Habib Construction and SKOR Construction for this project. The
Sub-Contractors will be bound through contract documents to appoint directly with
the National Logistic Cell (NLC) mostly all construction machinery and plants are
provided by Habib Construction Especially for roads and underpass and SKOR
construction handle the Drainage system of whole CBD project. The responsibilities
of HSE Expert are as follows:

Punjab CBD Development

Authority Responsible for checking
and compliance of EMP

Supervision Consultant Responsible for

(NESPAK) supervision of
Environmental compliance

Contractor Responsible for

implementation of
(NLC)
Environmental compliance

Responsible for CBD

Sub-Contractor
Punjab whole Drainage
(SKOR Construction) Structure

Construction Stage Implementation Arrangements

12
CHAPTER 03 PROJECT DETAILS

Table 2. 5: Disposal Plant

Details of Disposal Plant

Sr# Descriptions Unit Total

Qty

1 Thrust boring casing dia inch 56

2 Thrust boring length ft 127

3 Thrust boring chamber A cft 1728

4 Wet well A dia ft 30

5 Wet well A depth ft 40

6 Wet well B dia ft 30

7 Wet well B depth ft 40

8 Dry well dia ft 30

9 Dry well A depth ft 40

11 Dry well brick work above from ft 12

G.L

12 Catchpit B cft 1248

13 Strom Water Retention Tank cft 80000

13
CHAPTER 03 PROJECT DETAILS

3.3 Current Project Progress:

The Overall physical progress by the end of September 2022 is 16.90 % against the
cumulative planned progress of 56 %.Now Drainage work almost completed till 26
June 2023 moreover SKOR Construction handover all to NLC for further mechanical
installation.

3.4 Regulatory Requirements

Applicable legal laws, guidelines and policies:
Following are the relevant laws, guidelines and policies applicable to the proposed
Project:
• Punjab Environmental Protection Act (Amended), 2012 and 2017;
• Disaster Management Act, 2010;
• The Punjab Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2019;
• Punjab Restriction on Employment of Children Act, 2016;
• Punjab Protection of Women against Violence Act, 2016;
• The Protection against Harassment of Women at the Workplace Act, 2010;
• Pakistan Climate Change Act, 2017;
• The Punjab Emergency Service Act, 2006;
• National Clean Air Act, 2000;
• The Explosives Act 1884;
• Punjab Environmental Protection (Review of IEE and EIA) Regulations, 2022;
• Punjab Environmental Quality Standards (PEQS), 2016;Pakistan Penal Code,
1860;
• Hazardous Substance Rules, 2003;
• Seismic Building Code of Pakistan, 2007;
• Handling of Hazardous Substances, PEPA, 2000;
• Punjab Environmental Protection (Motor Vehicles) Rules, 2013;
• Labor and Health and Safety Legislation.
• Solid Waste Management Guidelines, 2005;
• National Environmental Policy (NEP), 2005;
• National Climate Change Policy, 2012;
• National Drinking Water Policy, 2009;
• National Disaster Risk Reduction Policy, 2013;

14
CHAPTER 03 PROJECT DETAILS

• Pakistan Labour Policy, 2010; and

• National Sustainable Development Strategy, 2012

3.5 Mandatory Environmental Permit (No Objection Certificate)

The Environmental Approval of the proposed Project was awarded by Punjab EPA on
July 9, 2021, for establishment of CBD Walton and on June 17, 2022 for Construction
of Parking Plaza, Allied Flyover and Entry / Exit Underpasses with various conditions.
These conditions should be complied with during the project execution.

3.6 Contract Document:

The CBD Project contract clauses related to environmental protection for the
implementation are;
• General Direction for Tenderer, Additional Conditions, clause 13(3) “Safety
Precautions”
• General Direction for Tenderer, Additional Conditions, clause 32(3) “Health
and Safety”
• •General Direction for Tenderer, Additional Conditions, clause 32(5) “Supply
of Water”
• •General Direction for Tenderer, Additional Conditions, clause 32(10) “Record
of Safety and Health”
• General Direction for Tenderer, Additional Conditions, clause 32(11)
“Reporting of Accident”
The Clause 13(3) in additional conditions of contract document states that “the
Contractor shall ensure compliance of observations/recommendations/ conditions put
forward by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Govt. of Punjab to safeguard the
environmental issues. The Contractor shall also ensure compliance of PPEs as per
requirement of work for the safety, health and welfare of persons and laborers to
prevent damage of any kind in compliance with EPA regulations”.

15
CHAPTER 03 PROJECT DETAILS

3.7 Location Map

Figure 3. 1: Map Location

16
CHAPTER 04 WORK EXPERIENCE

4 Chapter 04 Working Experience

4.1 Supervisory Works: Layout:

At the initial stage of every project after surveying layout is proceed according to
Coordinates, NSL and RD. In CBD project Drainage work start after point marking by
the NLC surveyors and then Layout by white powder. Mostly used Auto level and Total
station.

4.2 Total Station:

A total station is a modern surveying instrument used in land surveying, construction,
and engineering projects. Total stations have significantly improved surveying
efficiency and accuracy compared to traditional methods. They are commonly used for
various applications, including topographic surveys, construction layout, boundary
surveys, and monitoring of structures.

Figure 4. 1: Total Station

4.2.1 Prism Poles or range poles:

A prism pole, also known as a surveying pole or prism rod, is a tool used in land
surveying and construction to mount a reflective prism target for distance measurement
with a total station or other surveying instruments. Prism Poles or range poles are used
by surveyors and construction professionals to accurately measure the elevation of

17
CHAPTER 04 WORK EXPERIENCE

existing ground or grade by using a sight level, such as a total station, automatic level,
transit level, or laser level.

Figure 4. 2: Prism

4.3 Auto levels:

Auto levels are commonly used for a variety of surveying tasks, such as determining
elevations of points for topographic surveys, establishing reference benchmarks, and
performing construction layout work. They are an essential tool for any surveyor or
engineer who needs accurate and reliable measurements of level and elevation. I use
Auto level for check the level points that were marked by the NLC surveyor.

Figure 4. 3: Auto Level

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CHAPTER 04 WORK EXPERIENCE

4.4 Leveling Staff:

Leveling Staff is an instrument used to determine the difference in height between two
points. Levelling Staff is known as the staff rod, Levelling rod, and self-reading staff,
as the staff readings may be taken directly by the instrument man from the levelling
instrument.

Figure 4. 4: Leveling Staff

4.4.1 Calculation height of instrument:

B.M + B.S = HI

For example:

B.M = 420.52

B.S = 1.786

H.I = 420.52 + 1.786

Where, H.I = 422.306

B.M = Bench Mark

B.S = Back Site

H.I = Height of Instrument

C.P (control point):

C.P = H.I – F.S (F.S = Fore Site)

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

4.5 Excavation:
Excavation plays a significant role in drainage works, which involve the installation,
repair, or maintenance of drainage systems to manage the flow of water and prevent
flooding. During drainage works, it's essential to consider safety precautions, such as
proper shoring or trenching techniques to prevent trench collapse, and to ensure
compliance with local regulations and environmental guidelines.

Figure 4. 5: Excavation

Following steps are followed during excavation at site:

• Mark the boundaries of the excavation area using stakes, paint, or other
markers.
• Establish reference points or benchmarks for precise measurements during
excavation.
• Remove any vegetation, debris, or obstructions from the excavation area to
create a clear workspace.
• Set up and position excavation machinery, such as excavators, backhoes, or
bulldozers, at suitable locations around the excavation site.
• Perform safety checks and ensure that all equipment is in proper working
condition.
• Use surveying instruments like auto levels or total stations to ensure the correct
depth and level of the excavation as per the project requirements.

20
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

• Adjust the excavation equipment to achieve the desired depth and level while
maintaining proper slope or gradient.
• Begin digging and removing soil or rock from the site using the chosen
excavation equipment.
• Transport excavated material to designated areas for temporary storage or
disposal,

4.6 Thrust Boring:

Thrust boring, also known as horizontal directional drilling (HDD), can be utilized for
the installation of drainage systems. The procedure for using thrust boring in drainage
works involves specific steps tailored to the requirements of the project. Here is a
general outline of the process:

• Site Evaluation and Planning

• Marking and Layout
• Pilot Hole Drilling
• Hole Enlargement
• Pipe Installation
• Grouting and Backfilling
• Testing and Inspection

Figure 4. 6: Check Thrust Bore Level

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

By following these preventive measures, you can minimize risks, improve

safety, andenhance the success of thrust boring operations.
• Thoroughly assess the site for obstacles and underground utilities
beforedrilling.
• Maintain precise alignment using surveying instruments to
prevent deviationsduring drilling.
• Choose appropriate drilling equipment and ensure regular
maintenance toprevent breakdowns.
• Use shoring or casing methods to prevent borehole collapse or
instability.
• Follow environmental regulations and implement proper waste
containmentand disposal procedures.

Figure 4. 7: Inserting RCC Pipe and Backfilling

Figure 4. 8: Thrust Boring

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

4.7 Catchpit (A)/Chamber:

A manhole (utility hole, maintenance hole, or sewer hole) is an opening to a confined
space such as a shaft, utility vault, or large vessel. Manholes are often used as an access
point for an underground public utility, allowing inspection, maintenance, and system
upgrades. Made on RCC pipe is known as catchpit chamber.

Figure 4. 9: Concreting up to G.L

Figure 4. 10:Steel Fixing for Chamber

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

Figure 4. 11: Main Hole

4.8 Wet Well (A&B):

A wet well refers to a structure or container used in wastewater and sewage systems.It
is designed to collect and temporarily store incoming wastewater before it is pumped
to a treatment facility or a higher elevation for further processing. Overall, wet wells
play an essential role in wastewater management systems by facilitating the transport
of sewage and wastewater from lower to higher elevations, helping to maintain the
flow and prevent system failures. There are two wet wells cast with same dimensions
dia 30’ and depth 40’.
The construction of a wet well involves several steps to ensure its functionality and
durability.

Figure 4. 12: Concreting for Slab

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

• Design and Planning: Work with engineers and wastewater experts to design
the wet well based on the specific requirements of the sewage system. Consider
factors such as anticipated wastewater flow, pump capacity, and location.
• Excavation: Determine the location for the wet well and excavate the area
accordingly. Ensure that the dimensions of the excavation are sufficient to
accommodate the required capacity of the wet well.
• Structural Reinforcement: Depending on the depth and size of the wet well,
you may need to reinforce the walls of the excavation. This typically involves
installing reinforcing steel bars (rebar) and constructing a formwork to hold the
wet well's concrete walls in place.
• Inlet and Outlet Connections: Install the inlet and outlet pipes in the wet
well.These pipes will connect the wet well to the sewer system, allowing
wastewaterto flow into the wet well and be pumped out to the treatment
facility or higher elevation.
• Pump Installation: Determine the appropriate type and capacity of
pumps required for the wet well. Install the submersible or other types of
pumps at thebottom of the wet well. Connect the pumps to the outlet
pipe to facilitate the pumping of wastewater.
• Ventilation and Access: Provide adequate ventilation for the wet well to
controlodors and prevent the buildup of hazardous gases. Additionally,
install accesspoints such as manholes or hatches to allow for inspection,
maintenance, and cleaning of the wet well.
• Electrical and Control Systems: Install the necessary electrical wiring

Figure 4. 13: Kerb Concreting

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

and control systems to operate the pumps and monitor the wastewater
levels. Thismay include float switches, level sensors, control panels, and
alarms.
• Backfilling and Site Restoration: Once the wet well construction is
complete, backfill the surrounding area to provide stability and ensure
proper drainage. Restore the site to its original condition, considering
factors such as landscaping and safety requirements.

Figure 4. 14: Brick Work on Kerb for Core Wall

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

It is important to note that the construction process may vary depending on the specific
requirements of the project, local regulations, and engineering considerations.

Figure 4. 15: Link RCC Pipe to Wet Well

4.9 Dry Well:

A dry well is a type of underground structure used to collect and disperse stormwater
runoff or manage excess water from areas such as roofs, driveways, or yards. Unlike
a wet well, which deals with wastewater and sewage, a dry well is designed to handle
only wet well water. Construction of dry well divided into two parts.

1)Below the ground 2) Above the ground

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

4.9.1 Below the ground:

The dimension of well below the ground dia 30’x depth 40’ same as wet well but there
is two differ is that in wet well only handles are fixed to go down inside but dry had
stairs and wet well contain on other hand dry well had no contain water it consists on
mechanical (pumps) so that why is also known as pump room.

Figure 4. 16: Differ Dry and Wet well.

4.9.2 Above the ground:

In 2nd part a round shape room constructed above the ground which
contain many columns and parapet slab along with brick masonry walls
and a strong metallic door fixed at the entrance of room and also a strong
metallic girder fixed under the roof slabof room, room 12’ high from G.L
Here only half well is covered by the slab and half remain open for stairs
to going down further detail below:

• RCC Slab & Parapet

• Brick Masonry walls
• Metallic Girder & Door
• RCC Columns
• Pumps

28
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

Figure 4. 17: Brick Masonry & Columns Casting

Figure 4. 18: Mechanical Pumps

29
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

Figure 4. 19: RCC Slab and Parapet

Figure 4. 20: Dry and Wet Wells Sections

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

4.10 Sinking:
In well construction, sinking refers to the process of excavating or drilling a well shaft
or borehole into the ground to reach underground water sources. It is a crucial step in
the construction of various types of wells, including water supply wells, irrigation
wells, geothermal wells, and monitoring wells.
The sinking process typically involves the following steps:
a) Site Preparation: The site where the well is to be constructed is selected based
on factors such as water availability, geological considerations, and proximity
to potential contaminants. Clearing the area and preparing the site for
construction is the initial step.
b) Excavation or Drilling: Depending on the geology of the area and the depth
required, different methods are used for sinking wells. Excavation involves
manually digging the well shaft using tools like shovels, picks, and buckets. In
contrast, drilling employs specialized equipment such as rotary drills,
percussion drills, or augers to penetrate the ground and create the well
borehole.
c) Support and Casing: As the well shaft or borehole is created, it is essential to
provide support and prevent the walls from collapsing. This is achieved by
inserting well casing, typically made of materials like steel, PVC, or concrete,
into the well shaft. The casing stabilizes the well and prevents the formation
from caving in.
d) Well Development: After sinking the well, it is necessary to develop the well
to improve its productivity. This process involves removing drilling fluids,
sediments, and other debris from the well by techniques like air surging,
bailing, or pumping. Well development enhances water flow into the well and
optimizes its performance.
e) Completion and Installation: Once the well is adequately sunk and
developed,the final steps involve installing well components such as screens,
gravel packs, pumps, and any necessary piping or fittings. These components
facilitate the extraction of water or other fluids from the well for their intended
purpose, whether it be drinking water, irrigation, or other applications.
Throughout the sinking process, adherence to safety protocols, including proper
excavation or drilling techniques, stability assessments, and the use of personal

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

protective equipment, is critical to ensure the safety of workers and the integrity ofthe
well structure.

Figure 4. 21: Sinking

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

4.11 Catchpit B:
As I discus in previous about the catchpit function here it constructed between Dry
well and Strom Water Retention tank. Installed valve in it so also can called Valve
chamber it controlled water that enter in the SWRT and it constructed totally RCC and
use cast iron pipe to to make connections and RCC slab to covered it.

Figure 4. 22: Shuttering and Steel Fixing

Figure 4. 23: RCC Catchpit and RCC Slab

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

4.12 Storm Water Retention Tank:

A stormwater retention tank, also known as a stormwater detention tank or simply a
retention tank, is a structure designed to temporarily store and control excess
stormwater runoff. It helps mitigate the negative impacts of stormwater runoff, such
as flooding, erosion, and water pollution, by providing storage capacity during heavy
rain events. Stormwater retention tanks are valuable tools for managing stormwater
runoff and minimizing its impact on the environment and infrastructure. Their
implementation can contribute to more sustainable and resilient urban water
management systems. The capacity of SWRT is .3 million gallon and moreover also
made a exit catchpit at end of tank to drain out exceeded water from tank.
There are following steps performed to make RCC SWRT:
• Layout • Steel fixing and shuttering for
• Excavation columns.
• Steel fixing in walls and • Concreting in columns
Shuttering • Shuttering for slab
• Concrete pouring in walls • Steel fixing for slab
• Steel fixing in bed and dowels • Concreting in slab
for columns • Casting main holes during slab
• Concreting in bed casting
• Bitumen coating and Irani layer protection

Figure 4. 24: Steel Fixing for SWRT Bed and Walls

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

Figure 4. 26: Concreting in SWRT Bed

Figure 4. 27: Shuttering for SWRT Slab

35
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

Figure 4. 28: Steel Fixing for SWRT Beam & Slab

Figure 4. 29: Concreting in SWRT Slab

36
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

4.13 SWRT Manholes:

There are six small main holes constructed on the SWRT slab for inspection purpose
and two big for mechanical purpose. Small had metallic cover and big join with cast
iron pipe for join catchpits.

Figure 4. 25: Shuttering for Manhole

Figure 4. 26: Small Manholes

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

4.14 Catchpit C & Chamber:

This is existing structure of Drainage system in constructed at the ending and last point
of SWRT, it level take 5’ low then SWRT therefore always remain water and help this
to check SWRT water situation it totally RCC constructed and a RCC slab Covered it
and a little chamber constructed along it for pumps to drain exceeding water from it to
local drain.

Figure 4. 27: Chamber Steel Fixing

Figure 4. 28: Catchpit C along RCC Chamber

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

4.15 Quality Management System in Place

4.15.1 Environment Compliance:

Environmental compliance progress at the project site as per the Contract Document,
EMP of the IEE, Environmental Approval accorded by Punjab EPA and the applicable
laws related to environment in the current quarter is as follows:

4.15.2 Environmental Sampling & Monitoring:

Contractor hired the services of the M/s Asian Environmental Services (Pvt.) Limited,
Lahore to carry out the environmental monitoring, sampling, and testing. M/s M/s
Asian Environmental Services (Pvt.) Limited conducted 24 hours ambient air and
noise monitoring on September 23, 2022, at one (1) point near the Parking Plaza
excavated area. Moreover, one (1) sample of drinking water as well as one (1) sample
of wastewater was also collected for testing purposes. The monitoring and sampling
were carried out in compliance with PEQS in the presence of Engineer and
Contractor relevant staff. Approvals and Reports in Appendix-2

Table 4. 1: Detail of Environmental Monitoring Parameters and Locations

Sr. No. Parameters Sampling Point Sampling Locations

Ambient Air 1 (31°30’14”N, 74°20’9”E)

Noise Level 1 (31°30’14”N, 74°20’9”E)

Wastewater 1 Administration Office

4 Drinking Water 1 Dispenser 02

39
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

4.15.3 Compliance Status of Emp During Construction Stage

Table 4. 2: Compliance Status of Emp During Construction Stage

Sr.
Status /
No Impacts Mitigations
Remarks
.
1 Soil Erosion and • Soil contamination by asphalt Compliance in
Contamination will be minimized by placing progress
all containers in a bonded area Excavated soil
away from water courses; is being
• Provision of impervious disposed of at
platform with oil and grease designated site
trap for collection of spillage within the
during equipment and vehicle project area
maintenance; and which will be
• Soils removed during reused in
construction would be construction
stockpiled for reuse where activities.
possible. Asphalt plant
has not been
developed yet as
asphalt is still
not used in the
construction
activities.
However no
specific
platform is
provided for the
collection of
spillages.

40
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

2 Excavation of Earth • In case of finding archeological No

remains during excavation, the archaeological
contractor shall immediately remains were
report through Supervision found during the
Consultant to Directorate excavation of
General of Archaeology, Govt. earth in the
of Punjab to take further project area.
suitable action to preserve
those antiques or sensitive
remains.
3 Water Quality • Construction camps will be Compliance in
established in areas with progress
adequate natural drainage Construction
channels in order to facilitate camps are
the flow of the treated effluents established at a
after ensuring that PEQS are suitable place
met; with no
• The proponent will ensure that interference
the construction work is with local
confined within the project communities.
boundary and water bodies are No water bodies
prevented from pollution are presented
during construction. within or near
• The solid waste will be the project area,
disposed of in designated and the
landfill sites to sustain the construction
water quality for domestic work is confine
requirements. in the project

• Regular water quality area. The solid

monitoring according to waste is being
determined sampling schedule. disposed of in a
• Water required for designated
construction shall be obtained dumpsite. Water

41
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

in such a way that the water is being taken

availability and supply to from the
nearby communities remain filtration plant
unaffected. situated in
• The contractor will ensure that Askari-V for
construction debris do not find drinking
their way into the drainage purposes. Water
which may get clogged. quality testing
was carried out
by
Environmental
Laboratory.

4 Landscape Changes • Material stockpiles should be For minimum

removed as soon as work is landscape
completed and the area re- changes, the
landscaped; and Contractor is
• The contractor should ensure remained
minimal footprint of confine within
construction activities. the construction
area and the
excavated soil is
being removed
and dumped
into the
designated site
to reuse it later.
Minimal
footprints of
construction
activities are
being ensured.

42
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

5 Traffic Issues • Movement and vehicles Machinery and

carrying construction materials vehicles
and equipment/machinery will movement is
be restricted during the daytime restricted during
to reduce traffic load and peak hours to
inconvenience to the local reduce traffic
population; load and
• Construction vehicles, inconvenience
machinery and equipment will to the local
be parked at designated areas population.
(at construction camps site) to Vehicles and
avoid un-necessary equipment are
congestions along the major parked at
roads; designated
• Proper sign boards will be areas. However
provided for smooth flow of only few sign
traffic; boards for
traffic are
installed within
the project area
which will be
increased at the
time of flyover
and underpasses
construction
work.
6 Deterioration of • All vehicles, machinery, Compliance in
Ambient Air equipment and generators used progress
Quality during construction activities All vehicles are
should be kept in good working kept In good
. condition and be properly tuned working
and maintained in order to condition and
are properly

43
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

minimize the exhaust maintained.

emissions; Open burning of
• Open burning of solid waste solid waste is
from the Contractor’s camps prohibited at
and at construction site should site. Water
be strictly banned; sprinkling is
• Preventive measures against carried out
dust should be adopted for on- twice a day to
site mixing and unloading minimize dust
operations; emissions.
• Construction materials (sand, Construction
gravel, and rocks) and spoil material
materials will be transported carrying
through trucks covered with vehicles are not
tarpaulins and all vehicles (e.g., covered with
trucks, equipment, and other tarpaulins.
vehicles that support Diesel
construction works) will generators are
comply with the PEQS for regularly tuned.
carbon emissions and noise; However no

• Regular water sprinkling of the cyclone/scrubbe

site should be carried out to r is being used
suppress excessive dust at batching
emission(s); plant.

• Emissions from power

generators and construction Ambient air
machinery are important point monitoring was
sources at the construction also conducted
sites. Proper maintenance and by EPA
repair is needed to minimize approved
the hazardous emissions; laboratory and it

• Emissions from batching / was revealed

asphalt plants can be controlled that the ambient

44
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

efficiently by the installation of air quality

cyclone / scrubbers. Diesel results are
operated equipment should be within the
equipped with well-maintained PEQS limits.
fuel filter and may be replaced
timely (if required). In addition
to that, regular maintenance
activities comprising changing
of lubricating oil, changing the
air and fuel filter, cleaning the
fuel system, draining the water
separators and proper tuning
may also help in reducing the
emissions from diesel
generators;
7 Noise and Vibration • There are a variety of ways Compliance in
including Quieter Equipment; progress
. Modifying Existing Old Noise
Equipment; Barrier Protection; monitoring was
Work Activity Scheduling; carried out by
Maintenance; Noise Perimeter the EPA
Zones (NPZs) by which approved
construction equipment and laboratory
worksite noise can be which revealed
controlled. that the noise
levels are within
the prescribed
limits defined in
PEQS.
Moreover,
partial
preventive
measures are

45
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

being taken to
minimize the
noise and
vibration during
construction
activities.
9 Construction • The project will seek to avoid Compliance in
Camps/Camp Sites sitting camps where their progress
presence might contribute to Construction
any conflicts with locals; camps are
• Waste Management Plan will established at
be implemented to ensure safe significant
handling, storage, collection distance from
and disposal of construction the localities.
wastes and the training of Construction
employees who handle waste. waste is being
stored at a
designated place
which will be
reused at later
stages of the
project.
10 Wastewater • Domestic and chemical Compliance in
Generation at effluents from the construction progress
Construction Camps camp will be disposed by the Septic tanks are
development of on-site installed at
sanitation systems i.e. septic construction
tanks; camps which
• Proper monitoring to check the will provide
compliance of PEQS will be primary
carried out; treatment to
• Sewage construction domestic and
from
camps will be disposed of after chemical

46
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

proper pre-treatment and effluents.

processes such as soakage pit. Soakage pits are
also constructed
for the disposal
of wastewater.
Sampling and
testing of
wastewater was
also carried out
by EPA approve
laboratory. The
report is
attached as
Annexure-B.
11 Solid Waste • Solid Waste generated during Partial
Generation at construction and camp sites Compliance
Construction Camps will be safely disposed in The Contractor
demarcated waste disposal sites collect the solid
. and the contractor will provide waste from
a proper waste management construction
plan; camp and
• Training of work force in the offices and
storage and handling of dump into the
hazardous materials and LWMC
chemicals construction container
workers and supervisory staff situated near the
should be encouraged and project area.
educated to practice waste However no
minimization, reuse and proper training
recycling to reduce quantity of is being
the waste; proper labeling of conducted yet
containers, including the for safe
identification and quantity of handling and

47
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

the contents, hazard contact storage of

information, etc.; waste.
• Emergency response plan shall
be prepared to address the
accidental spillage of fuels and
hazardous goods;
12 Green House Gas • Regular motioning of the Idling of
Abatement vehicles for engine efficiency; construction
• Avoid idling of construction vehicles is
vehicles; avoided.
• Alternative energy resources Vehicles are
shall be considered where regularly
possible; monitored for

• PEQS applicable to gaseous engine

emissions generated by efficiency.
construction vehicles, PEQS are
equipment and machinery shall enforced
be enforced during through regular
construction works. monitoring of
air parameters.

13 Natural and Man- • An Emergency Response Plan No accident /

Made Disasters (ERP) for earthquakes and incident
manmade disasters should be occurred at site.
. developed by contractor in ERP is yet to
coordination with SC and prepare by the
Lahore CBD Development contractor.
Authority should be
implemented in close
consultation with the RESCUE

48
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

Services and other concerned

departments;
• Training of the Contractor and
Lahore CBD Development
Authority staff and employees
regarding the emergency
procedures and plans should be
regularly conducted;
• Emergency numbers should be
clearly posted at active
construction sites; and
• Minor incidents and near
misses should be reported, and
preventive measures should be
formulated accordingly by the
Lahore CBD Development
Authority management.
14 Occupational Health • Providing basic medical Partial
and Safety training to specified work staff Compliance
and basic medical service and Trainings are
supplies to workers. conducted to
• Training of workers in aware labor
construction safety procedures, about Health,
environmental awareness, safety and
equipping all construction environment
workers with safety boots, concerns. PPEs
helmets, gloves and protective are partially
masks, goggles, shields and provided to the
monitoring their proper and workers. First
sustained usage. aid boxes are
• Contractor will ensure the present in the
provision of medicines, first aid site offices. The
project area is

49
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

kits, ambulance etc. at the camp cordoned off via

site. barricades.
• Work areas will be cordoned Emergency
off where necessary. Management
• Contractors will instruct their plan is not
staff to use Personnel devised yet.
Protective Equipment (PPE)
(e.g., wire containment,
displaying warning signs along
the work site, communicating
advance warnings to mats) to
enhance the safety.

• An emergency management
plan must be devised by the
contactor in close coordination
with the provincial emergency
services.
15 Community Health • Providing basic medical Partially
and Safety training to specified work staff implemented
and basic medical service and
supplies to workers; ;
• Seeking cooperation with local
educational facilities (school
teachers) at each village along
the route for road safety
campaigns; and
• Provision of proper safety and
diversion signage, particularly
at urban areas and at
sensitive/accident-prone spots.
16 Flora • Cutting and / or disturbance of Compliance in
trees shall be avoided, as far as progress
50
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

. possible and select the alternate Out of 95

site for the proposed project as impacted trees,
the impact on local ecosystem 50 trees were in
(especially trees) is expected as condition for
high. So, that negative effects transplantation
on the process of natural which were
regeneration of species are transplanted
minimized and possible through Tree
alternate area must be Trans planter
considered for proposed machine of
project, in which minimum PHA. Client has
ecological and environmental paid 0.3 Million
losses are expected; PKR to PHA for
• It is pertinent to mention that transplantation.
these trees should be avoided Client has also
from any negative impact and if paid 5.5 Million
these trees should be PKR to PHA for
transplanted in nearby areas in the development
possible cases. Tree cutting of Miyawaki
should be avoided up to forest in the
maximum level. Total 1000 compensation of
thousand plants should be impacted trees
planted in lieu of 95 impacted as suggested by
trees. Compensation to the PHA.
PHA will be paid other than The
this plantation plan. compensatory
• A tree plantation program shall plantation will
be implemented with the also be carried
recommendations and out in green
technical support of PHA. belts and across
• NOC for tree cutting from PHA the roads in the
is mandatory; next
construction

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

• It is pertinent to mention that phases of the

trees should be project. Open
relocated/transplanted/replante fires are
d (where possible) instead of prohibited in the
cutting and may be replanted site.
within the 500 meters radius of Construction
its original location; vehicles,
• The compensatory plantation machinery and
shall be carried out in the equipment are
project area (in the available confined within
space) or in the vicinity of their designated
project area like associated areas of
roads and nearby parks / green movement. The
areas, etc. to reduce the Contractor’s
negative impacts of the tree staff and labor
cutting in the immediate project is strictly
area and overall; directed not to
• Open fires should be banned in damage any
the area to avoid hazards of fire vegetation such
in the area; as trees or

• Clearing of vegetation cannot bushes. Cutting

be avoided at the areas of trees/bushes
specified for project structures, for fuel is
but damage to the natural strictly
vegetation may be minimized prohibited.
by establishing camp sites,
workshops and batching plants
on waste/barren land rather
than on forested or green land.
However, if such type of land is
not available, it shall be
ensured that minimum clearing
of the vegetation is carried out

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

and minimum damage is

caused to trees and
undergrowth;
• Construction vehicles,
machinery and equipment will
remain confined within their
designated areas of movement;
• The Contractor’s staff and
labor shall be strictly directed
not to damage any vegetation
such as trees or bushes; and
• Contractor shall provide gas
cylinders at the camps for
cooking purposes and cutting
of trees/bushes for fuel shall be
strictly prohibited.

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

17 Fauna • Care shall be taken during No wild species

construction activities for is found in the
avoiding purposely or chance project area.
killing of animals; Care is being
• If any wild species and habitat taken during
is found during construction, it construction
must be dealt carefully and activities for
local wildlife department avoiding
officials should be informed; purposely or
• Hunting, poaching and chance killing
harassing of wild animals shall of
be strictly prohibited, and birds/animals.
Contractor shall be required to Hunting,
instruct and supervise its labor poaching and
force accordingly and clear harassing of
orders should be given in this wild animals (if
regard; and found any) is
strictly
prohibited.
18 Resource • Diesel and fuels with low Equipment and
Conservation Sulphur content should be used machinery is
. to operate construction turned off when
machinery and equipment’s; not in use. The
• The efficient and well efficient and
maintained equipment’s and well maintained
machinery should be used; equipment’s and
• The equipment’s and machinery are
machinery should be turned off used. Regular
when not in use; maintenance of

• Regular maintenance of machinery is

machinery to avoid fuel carried out to
leakages. avoid fuel
leakages.

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

19 Discovery of • Chance finds procedure shall No accidental

Heritage Sites/ be adopted in case of any discover of
Structures during accidental discover of cultural cultural heritage
Excavation heritage. is found yet
20 Social/ Cultural • Local labor should be Project area is
Conflicts preferably employed for the properly
construction works; barricaded,
• Careful planning and training providing no
of work force to minimize inconvenience
disturbance to the local people; to the locals,
and however locals
• Public notificationthrough are not informed
print or electronic media during about the
the entire construction phase to construction
avoid any inconvenience in activities. Local
accessibility to the locals. labor is engaged
for the
construction
works.
21 Traffic, Noise, • Assurance of timely Continuous
Privacy Issues and completion of the water sprinkling
Disturbance/Nuisanc construction works according at the active
e to People to the sites are carried
agreed schedule by LCBDA. out to suppress
• Provision of alternate routes for the dust. The
the construction
project site where the activities are
construction is being carried only restricted
out; to the daytime.
• Effective traffic management The project area
by the Lahore Traffic Police is properly
during the peak hours to avoid barricaded, and

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

traffic congestions and provide workers are

ease of traffic. SOPs are
• Continuous water sprinkling at strictly
the active sites to suppress the implemented for
dust; the workers to
• Restricting the construction protect the
activities to only daytime; and privacy of the
• Contractor should prepare and residents.
strictly implement SOPs for
the workers to protect the
privacy of the residents.

4.16 Safety at work:

Safety at drainage work is of most importance to prevent accidents, injuries, and other
hazards. Here are some key safety considerations for drainage work:
a) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Workers should wear appropriate
PPE, including hard hats, safety glasses, high-visibility clothing, gloves, and
steel- toed boots. Depending on the specific tasks involved, additional PPE
such as respirators or hearing protection may be necessary.
b) Trenching and Excavation Safety: If the drainage work involves digging
trenches or excavations, it's crucial to follow proper safety procedures. This
includes providing trench shoring or sloping to prevent cave-ins, ensuring
proper access and egress points, and conducting regular inspections of the
trench walls and surrounding area.
c) Equipment Safety: Ensure that all equipment used for drainage work is well-
maintained and in good working condition. Operators should be trained on
equipment operation and follow safety guidelines for each machine. Safety
features such as guards, emergency stops, and warning systems should be in
place and functional.
d) Hazardous Materials: Drainage work may involve dealing with hazardous
materials such as sewage, chemicals, or contaminated water. Workers should
be trained on handling, storing, and disposing of these materials safely.

56
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

Adequate ventilation and personal protective equipment should be provided

when working with hazardous substances.
e) Traffic Control: If the drainage work is conducted near roadways or traffic
areas, proper traffic control measures must be implemented. This includes
using signs, cones, barricades, or flaggers to redirect traffic and ensure the
safety of both workers and motorists.
f) Communication and Training: Effective communication among the work
crew is essential for maintaining safety. Clear communication channels should
be established, and workers should be trained on safety procedures, emergency
response protocols, and the proper use of equipment.
g) Ergonomics: Drainage work often involves manual labor and repetitive
motions. Implementing ergonomic practices, such as proper lifting techniques,
frequent breaks, and equipment assistance, can help reduce the risk of
musculoskeletal injuries.
h) Electrical Safety: If electrical components are involved in drainage work,
workers should follow electrical safety procedures to prevent electric shock or
electrocution. This includes proper grounding, use of insulated tools, and
identification of overhead power lines.
i) Emergency Preparedness: Have an emergency plan in place that includes
procedures for medical emergencies, fires, and natural disasters. Workers
should be familiar with emergency exits, evacuation routes, and the location of
first aid kits and fire extinguishers.
j) Regular Inspections: Regularly inspect the work area for potential hazards,
such as unstable ground, leaks, or damaged equipment. Promptly address any
identified issues to maintain a safe working environment.
Remember, safety should be a top priority at all stages of drainage work. It's essential
to comply with local regulations, industry standards, and best practices to ensure the
well-being of workers and minimize risks.
Construction site barriers are used as a protective measure to keep sites safe from
trespassers and traffic, as well as to keep the public safe from any dangers. A barrier
round a site is a visible warning for the public to keep out as there may be debris, trip
hazards or unstable construction following are used in field.

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

Figure 4. 29: Barrers

Figure 4. 30:Hazard Tapes

4.17 Problems encountered:

In the starting days, I faced many problems but my supervise person is very great and
kind he helps me entire my internship.
• I faced high risk and problems during the sinking and pulling out of loose soil
from the wells labor said it very difficult to sinking through hand and pulling
out loose soil through pully system.
• 2nd is that the traffic rush because the site is very busy and populous area so to
manage traffic and rush is very difficult to work in this condition.
• As I work in a sub-contractor company, so their staff is not well qualified so I
very difficult to guide them.
• Most of time when traffic passed on the pipelines it pressed and broke down
then it is so hard to stop and recovers/ repair it in rush.
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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

• Loose soil is also a headache because of the less free surface I can’t be spotted
at the site and that why it essential to transport away from the site and in rush
and daytime it’s impossible to transport through dumper in local traffic.
As SKOR Construction company work in CBD project as subcontractor so its duty is
only to construct the drainage structures and NLC that is the main Contractor is
responsible for all other mechanical installation works we hand over all structure to
NCL Authorities for further works as per Contract on (24-JUNE-2023) but they do not
care and dully in mechanical installation.
As per record at (25-JUNE-2023) a great rainfall in Lahore and the underpass that is
linked with drainage is opened for traffic then under lager rain fall and not installed
mechanicals the drainage system not worked and failed.
All water filled in the underpass on the other hand a large water pond broken down
under great rain fall and Gaddafi stadium and local drain water also filled in the SWRT
then its capacity is filled, and it can’t be able to receive more water than the water
remained in the under pass at the height of 5 to 6 feet.
So immediately need to closed underpass for traffic and then closed it, media coverage
also all this happening and broadcasted it on air that is the great trouble.
All competent authorities like NESPAK & CBD reached at the drainage spot and
covered it by barriers and no one allow to go their because all soft surface already
laydown due to underground water flowing.

Figure 4. 31: Heavy Rain fall

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

Figure 4. 32: Media Broadcasting

4.17.1 Problems solving process:

As I already talked about the problems countered during the field works, I contact
immediately to my supervisors and competent authorities then they always make every
possible arrangement for solutions:
• They arrange a little Crain for pulling out the loose soil from wells that is a
safely method to proceed the work.’
• Higher Authorities arranged to warden police at the site to take away traffic
fromthe site.
• Warden police use barriers and sign boards to guide and take away public and
traffic from site.

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

• Supervisors arrange proper meetings withs labor and workers to guide about
the situation and methods and safety about the project and earth condition.
• Inserting informatory sign boards at the main hazards placing and fresh works
to avoids passing over there.
• When the rainy issue is delivered to the project manager, they immediately
make arrangements for suckers’ pumps to clear the rainy water and plastic
sheets thatcovered the wells opening in case of rainfall.
• To cover the rush situation is decided to transport the loose soil from the siteto
away through dumper at nighttime when rush may less as compared to day
time.
As I discussed the major issue of failed drainage system due to carelessness of NLC
contractor they closed all entrances points of under pass and pulled out blockage
vehicles from the under pass through the Crain.
Also use excavators to block and make barrier between Sant Marry Park water pond
and SWRT therefore no more water adds by this way and use portable generators and
sucker pumps to drain out water from tank and wells.
They made two teams, one for the clearance of water from the drainage systems and
the other for the duty to clear underpass water as soon as possible due to heavy traffic
blockage.
Team 2 firstly blocks the drain that links with the CBD drainage system therefore no
more water enters in the underpass and then they also use portable generators and sucker
pumps to clear water.
Initially team 2 used port able water tanks to suck water and transport away then level
goes down they also use previous drainage of ALI ZAIB and FALCON Society
drainage to drain out water from underpass.
Underpass water drains out within 4 hours after stopping of rainfall and then it opens
for transport and Team 1 within 6 hours removes all the water from all the wells and
SWRT and then make proper arrangements to dry all the structures.
NCL take the responsibility of whole carelessness and loss and take hold the whole
project in the presence of NESPAK and CBD Authorities and start to repair and
installing the mechanical such as pumps and cast-iron pipes for linkage the
structures(27-JUNE-2023).

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

Figure 4. 33: Portable Generator and Water Tank

Figure 4. 34: Excavator for Aggregate Adjustment

62
CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

Figure 4. 35: Aggregates to Block Water Flow

Figure 4. 36: After Clearing Rainwater

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

4.18 Skill Acquired:

As a trainee engineer at Skor Construction working on a drainage system project, I
would have the opportunity to acquire several hands-on skills specific to drainage
system construction. Here are some of the skills I had expect to gain:
a) Site Investigation and Surveying: I learned how to conduct site investigations
to assess soil conditions, identify existing drainage systems, and gather
essential data for the design and construction of the drainage system. This
includes using surveying equipment to measure elevations, contours, and other
site features.
b) Design and Layout: I had gained practical experience in designing drainage
systems based on project requirements, local regulations, and hydraulic
principles. This involves determining the size and layout of drainage pipes,
calculating slope requirements, and designing structures such as catch basins
or retention ponds.
c) Excavation and Trenching: I acquired skills in excavating trenches for the
installation of drainage pipes. This includes using excavation equipment,
understanding soil types and their impact on stability, and implementing proper
safety procedures during trenching activities.
d) Pipe Installation and Connections: I learned how to install drainage pipes
and make various types of pipe connections. This includes cutting pipes to size,
applying appropriate joining methods (such as solvent welding or mechanical
couplings), and ensuring proper alignment and support for the pipes.
e) Grading and Sloping: I had gained hands-on experience in grading and
sloping the terrain to achieve proper water flow within the drainage system.
This involves using earth-moving equipment to shape the ground surface,
establishing correct slopes, and ensuring smooth transitions between different
sections of the drainage system.
f) Backfilling and Compaction: I have learnt the techniques for properly
backfilling trenches after pipe installation and ensuring adequate compaction
to maintain the integrity and stability of the system. This includes selecting
suitable backfill materials, applying compaction methods, and verifying proper
compaction levels.

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CHAPTER 04 WORKING EXPERIENCES

g) Quality Control and Testing: I had gained skills in conducting quality control
checks and testing procedures to ensure the functionality and performance of
the drainage system. This may involve inspecting pipe connections, conducting
water flow tests, and verifying compliance with project specifications and
industry standards.
h) Construction Documentation: As a trainee engineer, I developed skills in
documenting construction activities related to the drainage system project. This
includes preparing progress reports, maintaining records, and creating as-built
drawings or specifications to accurately document the construction process.
i) Health and Safety Practices: Safety is a priority in construction projects, and
I have received training on health and safety protocols specific to drainage
system construction. This includes understanding excavation safety,
implementing.
j) proper personal protective equipment (PPE) usage and maintaining a safe
working environment for yourself and your colleagues.
k) Teamwork and Communication: Working as part of a construction team, I
enhanced my teamwork and communication skills. I collaborated with
contractors, supervisors, and other team members, ensuring effective
communication, coordination, and cooperation to achieved project objectives.
These hands-on skills acquired through my involvement in the drainage system project
at Skor Construction will contribute to my professional development as a civil
engineer. They will provide me with a solid foundation in drainage system
construction, preparing me for future projects and opportunities in the field of civil
engineering.

65
CHAPTER 05 CONCLUSION

5 Chapter 05 Conclusion

The internship experience with SKOR Construction as a sub-contractor in the

construction of a drainage system under the consultant NESPAK and client CBD
Punjab, with NLC as the main contractor, has been a valuable and enriching
opportunity. Throughout this internship, significant knowledge and hands-on skills
have been acquired, contributing to personal and professional growth in the field of
civil engineering.
Working as a sub-contractor on the drainage system project provided an immersive
learning experience in various aspects of construction. The internship involved
collaborating closely with skilled professionals from NESPAK, CBD Punjab, and
NLC, fostering an environment conducive to knowledge exchange and practical
learning.
This exposure to a multidisciplinary team enhanced communication skill, teamwork,
and the ability to work efficiently within a project structure. The internship not only
offered technical skills development but also instilled a sense of responsibility and
professionalism. The experience of working with esteemed organizations like
NESPAK, CBD Punjab, and NLC emphasized the significance of maintaining
professionalism, integrity, and ethical conduct in the engineering profession.
This internship has provided a solid foundation for a career in civil engineering,
particularly in drainage system construction. The skills and knowledge gained through
this hands-on experience will be invaluable in future endeavors within the construction
industry.
SKOR Construction as a sub-contractor on the drainage system project under the
guidance of NESPAK, CBD Punjab, and NLC has been a transformative experience.
It has equipped me with the necessary skills, knowledge, and confidence to embark on
a successful career in civil engineering, and I am grateful for the opportunities and
mentorship provided throughout this internship.

66
REFERENCES

6 References

https://www.nespak.com.pk
https://www.cbdpunjab.gov.pk
https://www.nlc.com.pk
https://www.skorconstruction.gov.pk
https://www.asianenvirolab.com.pk

67
 7 Appendix

7.1 Appendix-1: Supporting Documents & Drawings:

Figure 5. 2: Layout Plan SWRT

Figure 5. 1: Foundation Plan SWRT

68
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 3: Roof Plan SWRT

Figure 5. 4: Cross Section of SWRT

69
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 5: Foundation Plan of Wells

70
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 6: Section Details of Wells

71
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 7: Manhole Sections

72
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 8: Roof Plan of SWRT

73
APPENDIX

7.2 Appendix-2: Reports

7.2.1 Environmental Approvals

Figure 5. 9: Environmental Approvals A

74
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 10: Environmental Approvals B

75
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 11:Environmental Approvals C

76
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 12: Air Monitoring Report

77
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 13:Air Monitoring Report B

78
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 14: Noise Monitoring Report

79
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 15: Drinking water Report

80
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 16: Drinking Water Report

81
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 17: Wastewater Report

82
APPENDIX

7.3 Appendix-3: Letters

Figure 5. 18: Recommendation Letter

83
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 19: Acceptance Letter

84
APPENDIX

Figure 5. 20: Internship Letter

85