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Unit 1 Underpining

Underpinning is a method of supporting existing structures by providing new foundations or repairing and altering foundations without disturbing the stability of the structure. It is used when (1) a new building is constructed next to an existing one with shallow foundations, (2) existing foundations need strengthening to support heavier loads, or (3) providing a basement for an existing structure. Common underpinning methods include the pit method, pile method, underpinning walls, and chemical methods using sodium silicate and calcium chloride injections. Proper examination, structural support, repair work, and monitoring of movement are needed before and during underpinning.

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22 views11 pages

Unit 1 Underpining

Underpinning is a method of supporting existing structures by providing new foundations or repairing and altering foundations without disturbing the stability of the structure. It is used when (1) a new building is constructed next to an existing one with shallow foundations, (2) existing foundations need strengthening to support heavier loads, or (3) providing a basement for an existing structure. Common underpinning methods include the pit method, pile method, underpinning walls, and chemical methods using sodium silicate and calcium chloride injections. Proper examination, structural support, repair work, and monitoring of movement are needed before and during underpinning.

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Priyaprakashwrr Pheu
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UNDERPINNING

GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE


VISAKHAPATNAM
GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
VISAKHAPATNAM
WHAT IS UNDERPINING?

It is the method of supporting the structures while providing new foundations or carrying out repairs
and alterations without disturbing the stability of existing structures. It is carried under following
conditions:

1. When a building with deep foundation is to be constructed adjoining a building which is built on

shallow footings. Here the shallow footings should be strengthened first. In order to protect an

existing structure from the danger of excessive or differential settlement of foundation.

2. In order to improve the bearing capacity of foundation so as to sustain heavier loads for which

deepening or widening of foundation is done.

3. In order to provide a basement for an existing structure.

GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE


VISAKHAPATNAM
GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
VISAKHAPATNAM
METHODS OF UNDERPINING

1) Pit method

2) Pile method

3) Underpinning to wall

4) Chemical method

5) Other method
https://cementconcrete.org/buildings/underpinning-methods-procedure-foundation-strengthening-
repair/2092/

GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE


VISAKHAPATNAM
PIT METHOD

GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE


VISAKHAPATNAM
PILE METHOD

GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE


VISAKHAPATNAM
UNDER-PINNING TO
WALLS

GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE


VISAKHAPATNAM
CHEMICAL METHODS
1. In this method the foundation soil is consolidated by employing chemicals.

2. Perforated pipes are driven in an inclined direction beneath the foundation . The slopes

are provided such that the entire area under the existing footing comes under the area

used to be strengthened.

3. After the pipes are installed, solution of sodium silicate in water is injected through the

pipes. This is a two-injection method. The pipes are withdrawn and at the time of

withdrawal of pipes, calcium or magnesium chloride is injected through pipes.

4. Chemical reaction takes place between these two chemicals and the soil is strengthened

by consolidation. This method is suitable for granular soils

GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE


VISAKHAPATNAM
PRECAUTIONARY MESAURES?
Before implementing appropriate underpinning measures the following important points should be
carefully attended:

i. The existing structure should be fully examined carefully, and appropriate underpinning method
should be adopted.
ii. All poor masonry work, such as joints, cracks, plastering should be rectified before.
iii. Necessary shoring and strutting should be done such that existing structure is safe.
iv. Urgent repair like grouting of cracks, insertion of rod between walls , etc. should be carried out
before commencing underpinning.
v. Adequate care should be taken to ensure that there should be no movement of structure for which
levels should be marked.
vi. Underpinning process is not a science, but an art should be exercised depending on the situation.

GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE


VISAKHAPATNAM
REFERENCES

B.C. Punmia

Sushil Kumar

https://cementconcrete.org/buildings/underpinning-methods-procedure-foundation-
strengthening-repair/2092/

GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE


VISAKHAPATNAM

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