5.3-5.

4 Trigonometric Graphs

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. What is the equation of the graph below?

a. d.
b. e.
c.

____ 2. If a is the amplitude and b is the period of the graph of the function given below, then

a. d.

b. e.
c.
____ 3. What is the equation of the graph below?

a. d.

b. e.
c.

____ 4. The graph of the function is stretched vertically by a factor of 3, reflected about the x–axis,
translated down by 1 unit and right by units. If is the resulting function, what is the equation ?

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

____ 5. Which of the following is/are true for the function ?

I.
II.
III.

a. I only d. II and III only

b. II only e. I, II and III
c. I and II only
____ 6. Below is the graph of , which of the following is the value of ?

a. 0 d. 3
b. 1 e.
c. 2

____ 7. Which of the following is/are true for the function .

I.
II.
II.

a. I only d. I and II only

b. II only e. II and III only
c. III only

____ 8. How many vertical asymptotes are there for the function ?

a. 1 d. 4
b. 2 e. 5
c. 3
____ 9. Find the period of the graph of the trigonometric function below.

a. 0 d.
b. e.
c.
____ 10. The graph of can be obtained from graph of by which transformations?

a.
stretch horizontally by a factor of then shift to the left by
b.
shrink horizontally by a factor of then shift to the left by
c. stretch horizontally by a factor of 3 then shift to the right by
d. stretch horizontally by a factor of 3 then shift to the left by
e.
shrink horizontally by a factor of then shift to the right by
SHORT ANSWER
2 1 2 𝜋
1. For the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 5 − 2 sec (3 𝑥 − 6 ), find the following information and graph the
function over a one period interval.

a. Period
b. Amplitude
c. Vertical Translation
d. Horizontal Translation (Phase Shift)
e. Domain
f. Range
g. Equation of Vertical Asymptotes

Graph one period of the function below.

2. For the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝜋 − 2𝜋 cot(2𝜋𝑥 + 3𝜋), find the following information and graph the
function over a one period interval.

a. Period
b. Amplitude
c. Vertical Translation
d. Horizontal Translation (Phase Shift)
e. Domain
f. Range
g. Equation of Vertical Asymptotes

Graph one period of the function below.

 5.3-5.4 Trigonometric Graphs
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: A PTS: 1
2. ANS: A PTS: 1
3. ANS: A PTS: 1
4. ANS: A PTS: 1
5. ANS: E PTS: 1
6. ANS: D PTS: 1
7. ANS: B PTS: 1
8. ANS: A PTS: 1
9. ANS: C PTS: 1
10. ANS: E PTS: 1

SHORT ANSWER

1.
a. Period: 3𝜋
b. Amplitude: none
2
c. Vertical Translation: up
5
𝜋
d. Horizontal Translation (Phase Shift): right
4
𝜋
e. Domain: 𝑥 ≠ (3𝑛 + 2) 2 , n is an integer (answer form may vary)
−1 9
f. Range: (−∞, 10 ] ∪ [10 , ∞)
𝜋
g. Equation of Vertical Asymptotes: 𝑥 = (3𝑛 + 2) 2 , n is an integer (answer form may vary)

Graph (x-coordinates of the graph below may vary.)

1. v
2.
1
a. Period:
2
b. Amplitude: none
c. Vertical Translation: 𝜋 up
3
d. Horizontal Translation (Phase Shift): left
2
𝑛−3
e. Domain: 𝑥 ≠ , n is an integer (answer form may vary)
2
f. Range: (−∞, ∞)
𝑛−3
g. Equation of Vertical Asymptotes: 𝑥 = , n is an integer (answer form may vary)
2

Graph (x-coordinates of the graph below may vary.)

2.
6.1 Angle Measure

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Find the equivalent radian measure of the angle 1620°.

a.  c. 2𝜋
9
b. 𝜋 d. 18
9

ANS: A PTS: 1
3𝜋
2. Find the equivalent degree measure of the angle − 5
.
a. –108° c. –300°
b. –216° d. –1080°
ANS: A PTS: 1

3. Which of the following angle/s is/are coterminal to the angle –115°?

I. 965°
II. –835°
III. 968°

a. I only c. I and II only

b. II only d. III only
ANS: C PTS: 1
7𝜋
4. Which of the following angle/s is/are coterminal to the angle 4


−𝜋
I.
4
23𝜋
II. 4
−9𝜋
III.
4

a. II only c. III only

b. I, II, III d. I only
ANS: B PTS: 1

5. Find the length s of the circular arc if the radius is 7 and the central angle is 108.

a. 21𝜋 c. 35𝜋
5 6
b. 21𝜋 d. 42𝜋
10 5

ANS: A PTS: 1
 6. Find the length s of the circular arc if the diameter of the circle containing the arc is 18 and the central
angle is 140.

a. 7  c. 14
b. 7𝜋 d. 81𝜋
2 7

ANS: A PTS: 1

7. Find the radius r of the circle if an arc of length 5 subtends a central angle of 126.

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1

8. Find the radius r of a sector with an area of 11 and central angle of 60.

a. √66 c. 3√11
b. √33 d. 2√33
ANS: A PTS: 1

9. Find the radius r of a sector with an area of 15 and central angle of 45.

a. 2√30 c. 6√5
b. 2√15 d. 4√15
ANS: A PTS: 1

10. Find the length s of the circular arc if the diameter of the circle containing the arc is 8 and the central
angle is 360.

a. 8  d. 16
b. 4  e. 2 
c. 
ANS: A PTS: 1
6.2 Trigonometry of Right Triangles

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1.


8

Figure not drawn to scale.

Find the value .

a. 5 d. 3
3 5
b. 4 e. 3
3 4
c. 4
5

ANS: A PTS: 1

2.


4

Figure not drawn to scale.

Find the value of the variable x.

a. 4 3 d. 12
b. 4 e. 16
c. 8
ANS: A PTS: 1
3.


2

Figure not drawn to scale.

Find the value of the variable x.

a. 4 d. 6
b. 2 e. 8
c. 2 3

ANS: A PTS: 1

4.

x
4



Figure not drawn to scale.

Find the value of the variable x.

a. 8 d. 12
b. 4 e. 16
c. 4 3

ANS: A PTS: 1
5.

x
1



Figure not drawn to scale.

Find the value of the variable x.

a. 2 d. 3
b. 1 e. 4
c. 3
ANS: A PTS: 1

6.

x
5



Figure not drawn to scale.

Find the value of the variable x.

a. 5 2 d. 20
b. 5 e. 2 5
c. 10
ANS: A PTS: 1
SHORT ANSWER

1. The length of the shadow of a building is 34.0 m tall is 40.0 m. Find the angle of elevation of the sun.

ANS:

2. From a building window 35 ft above the street, the angle of elevation to the top of another building
across the street is and the angle of depression to the base of this building is . How far
apart are the two buildings and what is the height of the building across the street?

ANS:
Distance between the two buildings = 75.1 ft
Height of the building across the street = 131.1 ft

3. Suppose that the angle of elevation of the sun is . Find the length of the shadow cast by Ahmed,
who is 5.6 ft tall.

ANS:
15.4 ft

4. A conical water tank with vertex down has a radius of 10 ft at the top and is 24 ft high. The water level
in the tank is h ft. Express the volume of water in terms of h. (Use the formula for the
volume of a cone.)

ANS:
5. Find the length of all the segments of the figure below. Write your answers in exact form.

ANS:

6. Find
a. the total area of the figure.
b. the perimeter of polygon ABCDE.

ANS:

a.

b.
6.3 Trigonometric Functions of Angles

1. If 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 are the reference angles of 200°, −30°, and 730° respectively, find the value of
𝐴 + 𝐵 − 𝐶.
ANS: 40°

5𝜋
2. Find the reference angle of 7
.

2𝜋
ANS: 7

3. Find the value of csc(−510°).

ANS: −2

−3𝜋
4. Find the value of sec ( 2
).

ANS: undefined

5. Express tan 𝜃 in terms of sec 𝜃, if 𝜃 is in Quadrant 4.

ANS: −√sec 2 𝜃 − 1

−3
6. Write the remaining five trigonometric function values of 𝜃 if sin 𝜃 = 4
, 𝜃 in Quadrant 3.

−√7 3 −4 √7 −4
ANS: cos 𝜃 = 4
, tan 𝜃 = , sec 𝜃 = , cot 𝜃 = , csc 𝜃 =
√7 √7 3 3

−2
7. Write the remaining five trigonometric function values of 𝜃 if cot 𝜃 = 3
, sin 𝜃 < 0.

2 −3 √13 −3 √13
ANS: cos 𝜃 = , tan 𝜃 = , sec 𝜃 = , sin 𝜃 = , csc 𝜃 =
√13 2 2 √13 −3
6.3 Trigonometric Functions of Angles

8. Find the area of the triangle below.

9√3
ANS: 2

9. Find the area of the triangle below.

25√3
ANS: 2

10. Find the area of the region R.

5𝜋−3
ANS: 3
6.3 Trigonometric Functions of Angles

11. Two cylinders of radius 4 cm and 9 cm are wrapped with an elastic band as shown. Find the length of
the elastic band.

ANS: 68.8 𝑐𝑚

12. Six cylinders each of radius 2 cm are wrapped with an elastic band as shown. Find the length of the
elastic band.

ANS: 36.6 𝑐𝑚
6.4 Inverse Trigonometric Functions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Find the value of .

a. 0 c.

b. 1 d.

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy

2. Which of the following is/are true?

I.

II.

III.

a. I only c. I and II only

b. II only d. III only
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Medium

3. Which of the following is equal to ?

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult

4. If , then x=

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Medium

5. Evaluate .

a. d.

b. e. 1

c.

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Medium

6. Evaluate .

a. 0 d.

b. 1 e.

c. –1
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Medium

7. Evaluate .

a. d.

b. e.

c.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult

 8. Solve for the value of x in the equation .

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult

9. The value of is

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Medium

10. Find the exact value of .

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Medium

11. Find the exact value of .

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Medium

12. Which of the following is equal to ?

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult

13. Which of the following is equal to ?

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult

14. Which of the following is equal to ?

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult

6.5 - 6.6 The Law of Sines and Cosines
Calculator Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1.

92.39°

64.06°
B
A
Figure not drawn to scale.

Find the length of the side opposite angle C to the nearest whole number.

a. 10 d. 6
b. 9 e. 7
c. 4
ANS: A PTS: 1

2.

7
4

B
A 8
Figure not drawn to scale
Find the value of angle A.

a. 61.03 d. 56.39
b. 29.99 e. 73.93
c. 88.98
ANS: A PTS: 1
3.

114.62°

54.9°
B
A
Figure not drawn to scale.

Find the length of the side opposite angle C to the nearest whole number.

a. 10 d. 4
b. 9 e. 5
c. 2
ANS: A PTS: 1

4.

76.23°

42.83°
B
A 10
Figure not drawn to scale.

Find the length of the side opposite angle B to the nearest whole number.

a. 9 d. 11
b. 7 e. 12
c. 10
ANS: A PTS: 1
5.

B
A 10

To the nearest whole number, find length of the side opposite angle A if angle A = 10.48

a. 2 d. 5
b. 4 e. 6
c. 3
ANS: A PTS: 1

6.

113.13°

53.58°
B
A 8
Figure not drawn to scale.

Find the length of the side opposite angle B to the nearest whole number.

a. 2 d. 4
b. 7 e. 5
c. 8
ANS: A PTS: 1
 7.

B
A 10

Find the area of the triangle above if angle A = 22.33

a. 15.2 d. 74
b. 37 e. 16.43
c. 30.4
ANS: A PTS: 1

PROBLEM

1. Ahmad is standing on a level ground. He observes that the angle of elevation to the top of the building
is He moved 150 feet farther back and finds the angle of elevation to the top of the building is
. If Ahmad is 5.95 feet tall, determine the height of the building.

ANS:
Height of the building 115.352 feet

PTS: 1

2. An STC tower and a tree is on a level plane. From the top of the STC tower, the angles of depression
of the top and bottom of tree are and respectively. If the height of the tower is 50 meters,
determine the height of the tree.

ANS:
Height of the tree 34.034 meters

PTS: 1

3. Points X and Y are 4 kilometers apart on level ground. A balloon is hovering in between X and Y. The
angles of depression from the balloon to X and Y are and respectively. Determine the altitude
of the balloon.

ANS:
Altitude of balloon 2.141 meters

PTS: 1
4. A triangular lot has sides of lengths 10, 20, and 29 meters respectively. Find the area of the lot.

ANS:
Area 52.273

PTS: 1

5. Points A and B are on level ground. The angles of depression from the top of a building to A and B are
and respectively. If the building is 98 meters high, find the distance between A and B.

ANS:
Distance between A and B 154.562 meters

PTS: 1

6. A certain triangle has sides measured as , , and . If the longest side measures
, find the largest angle in this triangle.

ANS:
angle =

PTS: 1

7. A house is on top of a hill. A satellite dish was installed on top of a house. The house with the dish is 9
meters tall. The angle of elevation from a point A on level ground to the top of the dish is . The
difference between the angles of elevation from A to the top and base of the house is . If the vertical
distance from the level ground to the tip of the dish is 230 meters, determine the height of the house.

ANS:
Height of the house 7.945 meters
 8. Three circles with radii of 3, 15, and 17 are tangent externally with each other as shown in the figure
below. Find the area of the shaded figure.

Figure not drawn to scale

ANS:
Area 9.087

PTS: 1

9. A circle circumscribes a triangle with sides 2, 3, and 4. Find the radius of this circle.

ANS:

PTS: 1

10. Four identical quarter circles were drawn with their centers and radii along the vertices and sides of
the square respectively as shown below:

Figure not drawn to scale

If the side of the square measures 8 cm, find

a. The area of the shaded region
b. The perimeter of the shaded region.

ANS:
a. Area 52.893
b. Perimeter 33.510

PTS: 1
11. A point P is inside a square ABCD. The point P has distances 1m, 4m, and 5m from vertices A, B, and
C respectively. Find: (HINT: you may consider and )
a. the length of the side of the square.
b. the area of the square.

ANS:
a. Length of side = m
b. Area = 17 square meters

PTS: 1
 7.1 Trigonometric Identities

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. Simplify .
a. c.
b. d.

ANS: A

2. Simplify .
a. c.
b. d.

ANS: A

3. Which expression is equivalent to ?

a. c. 0
b. d.
ANS: A

4. Which expression is equivalent to ?

a. c.
b. d.

ANS: A

5. Which expression is equivalent to ?

a. c.
b. d.

ANS: A

1|Page
7.1 Trigonometric Identities

SHORT ANSWER:
1. Verify that the following equation is an identity.
sec 𝑥 − tan 𝑥 cos2 𝑥
=
sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥 1 + 2 sin 𝑥 + sin2 𝑥

2. Verify that the following equation is an identity.

1 − sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥
=
cos 𝑥 1 + sin 𝑥

3. Verify that the following equation is an identity.

cos 𝑥 sin 𝑥
+ =1
sec 𝑥 csc 𝑥

4. Verify that the following equation is an identity.

1 − cot 2 𝑥
= 2 sin2 𝑥 − 1
1 + cot 2 𝑥

5. Verify that the following equation is an identity.

cos 2 𝑥 − sin2 𝑥
= −1
sin4 𝑥 − cos 4 𝑥

2|Page
 7.2 Addition and Subtraction Formulas

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. Find the value of if tan(A) = , sec(A) > 0, and cot(B) = ,

cos(B) > 0.

a. c.
b. d.

2. Find the value of if cos(A) = , sin(A) > 0, and cos(B) = ,

sin(B) < 0.

a. c.
b. d.

3. Find the value of if tan(A) = , sec(A) > 0, and csc(B) = ,

cot(B) > 0.

a. c.
b. d.

4. Find the value of if sec(A) = , csc(A) < 0, and tan(B) = ,

sec(B) < 0.

a. c.
b. d.
7.2 Addition and Subtraction Formulas

5. Find the value of if cot(A) = , cos(A) < 0, and csc(B) = ,

cot(B) > 0.

a. c.
b. d.

6. Find the value of if sec(A) = , A in Quadrant IV, and tan(B) = ,

B in Quadrant III.

a. c.
b. d.

7. Find the value of if cot(A) = , cos(A) < 0, and cot(B) = ,

cos(B) > 0.

a. c.
b. d.

8. Find the value of if tan(A) = , A in Quadrant II, and cos(B) = ,

B in Quadrant III.

a. c.
b. d.

9. Find the value of if tan(A) = , sec(A) < 0, and cot(B) = ,

cos(B) > 0.

a. c.
b. d.

10. Find the value of if cot(A) = , cos(A) < 0, and tan(B) = ,

sec(B) > 0.

a. c.
b. d.
7.2 Addition and Subtraction Formulas

SHORT ANSWER:
1 −3
1. Find the exact value of sin (tan−1 ( ) − sec −1 ( ) ) .
3 2

−2−3√5
ANS:
3√10

−√3
2. Find the exact value of sec (cot −1 ( 3
)+ sec −1(2) ).

ANS: −1

3. Find the exact value of sec(105°) using the addition formula.

4
ANS:
√2−√6

4. Find the exact value of tan(−15°) using the difference formula.

1−√3
ANS:
1+√3

31𝜋
5. Find the exact value of csc ( ) using the addition formula.
12

4
ANS:
√2+√6

3 24
6. Find the Quadrant of the angle 𝐴 − 𝐵 if cot(A) = 4
, cos(A) < 0, and tan(B) = 7
,
sec(B) > 0.

ANS: Quadrant 2

2 𝑢
7. Express the cos (sin−1 𝑢 + tan−1 3 ) ,𝑢 < 0 as an algebraic expression of 𝑢.

3√𝑢2 −4+2𝑢
ANS:
−𝑢√𝑢2 +9
 7.2 Addition and Subtraction Formulas

Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Sum and Difference Identities

2. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Sum and Difference Identities
3. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Sum and Difference Identities
4. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Sum and Difference Identities
5. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Sum and Difference Identities
6. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Sum and Difference Identities
7. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Sum and Difference Identities
8. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Sum and Difference Identities
9. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Sum and Difference Identities
10. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Sum and Difference Identities
Double Angle and Half Angle Formulas

SHORT ANSWER

1. Given that , find the six trigonometric function values of the angle and the
quadrant where terminates.

ANS:

Quadrant 2

PTS: 1

2. Given that , x in Quadrant 3, find the six trigonometric function values of the angle .

ANS:

PTS: 1

3. Find the exact value of .

ANS:

PTS: 1

4. Find the exact value of .

ANS:

PTS: 1
5. Find the exact value of .

ANS:

PTS: 1

6. Find the exact value of .

ANS:

PTS: 1

7. Find the exact value of .

ANS:

PTS: 1

8. Find the exact value of .

ANS:

PTS: 1
 9. Given that , find the six trigonometric function values of the angle and

the quadrant where it terminates.

ANS:

Quadrant 2

PTS: 1

10. Given that , find the six trigonometric function values of the angle and
the quadrant where it terminates.

ANS:

Quadrant 1

PTS: 1
Chapter 7.4
Basic Trigonometric Equations

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Evaluate over the interval .

a. c.
b. d.

ANS: B PTS: 1

2. Evaluate over the interval .

a. c.
b. d.

ANS: C PTS: 1

3. Evaluate over the interval .

a. c.
b. d.

ANS: D PTS: 1

4. Evaluate over the interval .

a. c.
b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1

5. Evaluate .
a. c.

b. d.

ANS: B PTS: 1

6. Solve .
a. c.

b. d.

ANS: D PTS: 1
 7. Evaluate over the interval .
a. c.

b. d.

ANS: B PTS: 1

8. Solve over the interval .

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1

9. Solve over the interval .

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: D PTS: 1

10. Solve over the interval .

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1

11. Solve over the interval .

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: B PTS: 1
12. Solve .
a. c.

b. d.

ANS: D PTS: 1

13. Solve .
a. c.

b. d.

ANS: B PTS: 1

14. Solve over the interval .

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1

15. Solve over the interval .

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: B PTS: 1
Chapter 7.5
More Trigonometric Equations

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Determine the SUM of the roots of over the interval .

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1

2. Solve over the interval .

a. c.

b. d.

ANS: B PTS: 1

3. The sum of the roots of over the interval is

a. c.

b. d.
ANS: D PTS: 1

4. The sum of the roots of over the interval is

a. c.
b. d.
ANS: C PTS: 1

5. The sum of the roots of over the interval is

a. c.
b. d.
ANS: C PTS: 1

6. The sum of the roots of over the interval is

a. c.
b. d.
ANS: A PTS: 1
 7. The sum of the roots of over the interval is
a. c.
b. d.
ANS: D PTS: 1

8. The sum of the roots of over the interval is

a. c.

b. d.
ANS: A PTS: 1

9. The sum of the roots of over the interval is

a. c.
b. d.
ANS: D PTS: 1

10. The sum of the roots of over the interval is

a. c.

b. d.
ANS: C PTS: 1

11. The sum of the roots of over the interval is

a. c.
b. d.
ANS: C PTS: 1

12. The sum of the roots of over the interval is

a. c.
b. d.
ANS: B PTS: 1
 Schoology AP Calculus Questions

Chapter 1: Limits
1.1 Limits (from graphing)

Q1. The graph of the function 𝑓 is shown above. Which of the following statements is false?

a. lim 𝑓(𝑥) exists.

𝑥→2
b. lim 𝑓(𝑥) exists.
𝑥→3
c. lim 𝑓(𝑥) exists.
𝑥→4
d. lim 𝑓(𝑥) exists.
𝑥→5
e. The function 𝑓 is continuous at 𝑥 = 3
Answer: c

Q2. From the figure above, determine

𝑓(𝑥)
𝑎. lim [𝑓(𝑥) + 5𝑔(𝑥)] 𝑏. lim [𝑓(𝑥)𝑔(𝑥)] 𝑐. lim 𝑔(𝑥)
𝑥→−2 𝑥→1 𝑥→2

Answer: - 4 Answer: -Does Not Exist Answer: Does Not Exist

Q3. For the function g above, state the value of each of the following quantities

a) lim g (t ) b) lim g (t ) c) lim g (t )

t 0 t 0 t 0

d ) lim g (t ) e) lim g (t ) f ) lim g (t )

t 2 t 2 t 2

g ) g (2) h) lim g (t )
t 4

Answers: a) -1 b) -2 c) DNE d) 2 e) 0 f) DNE g) 1 h) 3

Q4. For the function R whose graph is shown above, state the following

a) lim R( x) b) lim R( x) c) lim R( x)

x 2 x 5 x 3

d ) lim R( x) e) The equations of the vertical asymptotes

x 3

Answers: a) -∞ b) ∞ c) -∞ d) ∞ e)𝑥 = −3, 𝑥 = 2, 𝑥 = 5

 1.2 Computing Limits (Techniques: Factoring, Rationalizing, etc.)

5𝑥 4 +8𝑥 2
Q1. lim 3𝑥 4 −16𝑥 2 is
𝑥→0

1
a. − 2
b. 0
c. 1
5
d. +1
3
e. Nonexistent
Answer: a
|𝑥|
Q2. lim Is
𝑥→0 𝑥

a. 0
b. Nonexistent
c. 1
d. −1
e. None of these
Answer: b
2 x
Q3. lim
 x  1
x 1 2

Answer: ∞

 x  4 if x >4

Q4. If f ( x)   ,
 8  2 x if x <4

a) Sketch 𝑓(𝑥)

Answer:

b) Determine whether lim f ( x) exists.

x 4

Answer: Exists and equals 0

Q5. The graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 are given above. Determine lim[𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑔(𝑥)]
𝑥→2

Answer: 2

x 1  2x 1
Q6. Evaluate: lim
x 0 3x  4  2 x  4

Answer: −2

x1/ 6  1
Q7. lim ?
x 1 x 1

Answer: 1/6

x1/ 3  3
Q8. lim
x  27 x  27

Answer: 1/27

x3  2 x 2  4 x  8
Q9. lim
x 2 x2

Answer: 0
 2 t
Q10. lim
t 4 4t

Answer: 0

(1  2 x)1/ 3  1
Q11. lim
x 0 x

Answer: 2/3

 1  1 2 
Q12. lim    =
x 1 x  1
  x  3 3x  5 

Answer: 1/32

1 1

y 3
Q13. lim =
y 3 y  3

Answer: -1/9

x4 x 3
Q14. lim =
y 9 x 3

Answer: 2
 1.3 Limits at Infinity; End Behavior of a Function

Q1. For 𝑥 ≥ 0, the horizontal line 𝑦 = 2 is an asymptote for the graph of the function 𝑓. which of
the following statements must be true?

a. 𝑓(0) = 2
b. 𝑓(𝑥) ≠ 2 for all 𝑥 ≥ 0
c. 𝑓(2) Is undefined.
d. lim 𝑓(𝑥) = ∞
𝑥→2
e. lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 2
𝑥→∞
Answer: e

𝑥 3 −2𝑥 2 +3𝑥−4
Q2. lim =
𝑥→∞ 4𝑥 3 −3𝑥 2 +2𝑥−1

a. 4
b. 1
1
c. 4
d. 0
e. -1 Answer: c

(2𝑥−1)(3−𝑥)
Q3. lim ( (𝑥−1)(𝑥+3) ) is
𝑥→∞

a. −3
b. −2
c. 2
d. 3
e. Nonexistent Answer: b

2𝑥 2 +4
Q4. Which statement is true about the curve 𝑦 = 2+7𝑥−4𝑥 2 ?

1
a. The line 𝑥 = − 4 is a vertical asymptote.
b. The line 𝑥 = 1 is a vertical asymptote.
1
c. The line 𝑦 = − 4 is a horizontal asymptote.
d. The graph has no vertical or horizontal asymptote.
e. The line 𝑦 = 2 is a horizontal asymptote. Answer: a
  x2 1
 , for x  1
Q5. Let f ( x)   x  1
 4, for x  1


Which of the following statements is (are) true ?

I. lim 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑠

𝑥→1
II. 𝑓(1)𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑠
III. 𝑓 is continuous at 𝑥 = 1

a. I only
b. II only
c. I and II
d. None of them
e. All of them Answer: c

2𝑥 2 +1
Q6. lim is
𝑥→∞ (2−𝑥)(2+𝑥)

a. −4
b. −2
c. 1
d. 2
e. Nonexistent Answer: b

Q7. lim
y 
 9 y2  y  3y 
Answer: 1/6

1
x
Q7. lim e ?
x 0

Answer: 0

9 x6  x
Q8. lim ?
x  x3  1
Answer: 3
Q9. Sketch the graph of an example of a function 𝑓 that satisfies all of the given conditions
lim f ( x)  , lim f ( x)  , lim f ( x)  0, lim f ( x)  , lim f ( x)  
x 2 x  x  x 0 x 0

Answer:

Q10. lim ln(sin x)

x  

Answer: −∞
 1.5 Continuity (Left Hand and Right Hand Continuity)

3𝑥(𝑥−1)
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 −3𝑥+2 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ≠ 1,2
Q1. Suppose { 𝑓(1) = −3
𝑓(2) = 4

Then 𝑓(𝑥) is continuous

a. Except at 𝑥 = 1
b. Except at 𝑥 = 2
c. Except at 𝑥 = 1 𝑜𝑟 2
d. Except at 𝑥 = 0,1, 𝑜𝑟2
e. At each real number Answer: b

For the graph of the function below, determine:

Answers:

Q8. Identify all the discontinuities in the following graph

Answers: Removable Discontinuities @ x=0, x=3, x=5

Jump Discontinuity @ x=1
Vertical Asymptote @ x=2

Q9. Determine if the function is continuous at 𝑥 = 0. Show your work that leads to your answer.

Answer: Yes
Q10.

Let 𝑓 be a function defined above. For what value of 𝑘 is 𝑓 continuous at 𝑥 = 2?

a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
e. 5 Answer: e
 1.6 Limits and Continuity of Trigonometric Functions (identities)

sin(𝜋−𝑥)
Q1. lim is
𝑥→𝜋 𝜋−𝑥

a. 1
b. 0
c. ∞
d. Nonexistent
e. None of these Answer: 1

EVALUATE THE FOLLOWING LIMITS:

5 x  sin 3x
Q2. lim
x 0 tan 4 x  7 x cos 2 x

Answer: -8/3

tan17 x
Q3. lim
x 0 tan 51x

Answer: 17/51

 
sin  x   1
Q 4. lim 
2 
x 1 cos  x

Answer: -8/3

sin 5
Q5. lim
 0 tan 2

Answer: 5/2

1  cos 3h
Q6. lim
h 0 cos 2 5h  1

Answer: -9/50
 tan 3x 2  sin 2 5 x
Q7. lim
x 0 x2

Answer: 28

sin 2t
Q8. lim
t 0 7t

Answer: 2/7

tan 5 y
Q9. lim
y 0 6y

Answer: 5/6

1  cos( x  1)
Q10. lim
x 1 x 1

Answer: 0

1
Q11. lim x sin  
x 
 x

Answer: 1

−2 sin3 2𝑥
𝑄12. lim
𝑥→0 tan3 3𝑥

Answer: -16/27

3 tan3 3𝑥
𝑄13. lim
𝑥→0 sin2 2𝑥

Answer: 0

sin(𝑥 + 2)
𝑄14. lim
𝑥→−2 𝑥 2 − 4

Answer: -1/4
I. Identify the equation for the given graphs.

7
−
1. 3

6𝜋
𝜋
−
3
18
−
5

2
2.
3

−𝜋 𝜋
−
4

7
−
4

2
3. 3

−𝜋 𝜋
−
1 12
4
 𝜋
4. 7

2
3
3

𝜋
−
6

5.

2
5 𝜋 4𝜋
5

2
13

6. 2
−
5

−3𝜋 2𝜋
15
−
11
 7. Shown below is one period of the graph of a transformed secant function. Find its equation.

2𝜋
3

−7𝜋
4

−2 7
𝑥= 𝑥=
3𝜋 5𝜋

𝜋
8. How many asymptotes are there in the interval (−2𝜋, 2𝜋) for 𝑓(𝑥) = −2 − 3 tan (2𝑥 + 2 ) ?
 𝜋
9. How many asymptotes are there in the interval (−𝜋, 𝜋) for 𝑓(𝑥) = 2 + 7 csc (3𝑥 − ) ?
7

2 𝜋
10. How many asymptotes are there in the interval (−3𝜋, 2𝜋] for 𝑓(𝑥) = −6 + 7 sec (3 𝑥 − 5 ) ?

7
11. How many asymptotes are there in the interval [−4𝜋, 2𝜋] for 𝑓(𝑥) = −5 − 8 cot (3 𝑥 + 2𝜋) ?
12. If the maximum and minimum of a certain cosine function are 7 − 8𝑘 and 5𝑘 + 4 respectively and
its amplitude is 6, find the value of 𝑘.

13. If the maximum and minimum of a certain sine function are 3𝑘 + 2 and 2 − 5𝑘 respectively and its
13
amplitude is 3
, find the value of 𝑘.
5_2Trigonometric Functions of Real Numbers

MULTIPLE CHOICE

7𝜋
1. Find the value of sin ( 3 ).

a. √3 c. 1
2
b. −√3 d. 0
2

ANS: A PTS: 1

𝜋
2. Find the value of cos ( ).
3

a. 1 /2 c. 1
b. –1 /2 d. -1
ANS: A PTS: 1

𝜋
3. Find the value of tan ( 3 )
a. c.

b. – d.

ANS: A PTS: 1

13𝜋
4. Find the value of tan ( 6
)
a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1

5. Find the value of sin(2𝜋).

a. 0 c. –1
b. 1 d.

ANS: A PTS: 1

5𝜋
6. Find the value of sec ( )
3
a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1
 11𝜋
7. Find the value of sec ( 6
)
a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1

7𝜋
8. Find the value of csc ( 3 )
a. c. 2

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1

𝜋
9. Find the value of csc ( )
6
a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1

14𝜋
10. Find the value of cot ( 3
)
a. c.

b. d. −√3

ANS: A PTS: 1

7𝜋
11. Find the value of cot ( 6 )
a. c.

b. d.

ANS: A PTS: 1
 −3 4
12. Given the terminal point 𝑃 ( 5 , 5) determined by a real number t, which of the following is/are true?

5
I. sin 𝑡 = 4
−5
II. sec 𝑡 = 3
−3
III. cot 𝑡 = 4

a. I and II only c. I and III only

b. II and III only d. III only
ANS: B PTS: 1
−25
13. Find the value of cos(t) if csc(𝑡) = 24
and the terminal point of t is in Quadrant IV.

a. 7 c. −24
25 25
b. −7 d. −24
24 7

ANS: A PTS: 1
13
14. Find the value of cos(t) if csc(𝑡) = , cot(t) > 0.
12

a. 5 c. 12
13 13
b. 5 d. 12
12 5

ANS: A PTS: 1

SHORT ANSWER

15. Given that tan 𝜃 = 𝑤, 𝜃 in Quadrant 2. Find the remaining five trigonometric function values of the
angle 𝜃.

ANS:
−𝑤
a. sin 𝜃 =
√𝑤 2 +1

−1
b. cos 𝜃 =
√𝑤 2 +1

−√𝑤 2 +1
c. csc 𝜃 = 𝑤

d. sec θ = −√𝑤 2 + 1
1
e. cot 𝜃 = 𝑤
 2
16. Given that sin 𝜃 = 𝑢, tan 𝜃 > 0, and a negative value of 𝑢. Find the remaining five trigonometric
function values of the angle 𝜃.

ANS:
√𝑢2 −4
a. cos 𝜃 = 𝑢

2
b. tan 𝜃 =
√𝑢2 −4

𝑢
c. csc 𝜃 = 2

𝑢
d. sec 𝜃 =
√𝑢2 −4

√𝑢2 −4
e. cot 𝜃 = 2

17. The terminal side of an angle 𝜃 in standard position has an equation of 𝑦 = −𝑥√3, 𝑥 ≤ 0. Find the six
trigonometric function values of this angle.

ANS:
√3
a) sin 𝜃 =
2

−1
b) cos 𝜃 = 2

c) tan 𝜃 = −√3

2
d) csc 𝜃 =
√3

e) sec 𝜃 = −2

−1
f) cot 𝜃 =
√3

18. Given that cot 𝜃 = 𝑤, 𝜃 in Quadrant 3. Find the remaining five trigonometric function values of the
angle 𝜃.

ANS:
−1
a. sin 𝜃 =
√𝑤 2 +1

−𝑤
b. cos 𝜃 =
√𝑤 2 +1

c. csc 𝜃 = −√𝑤 2 + 1

−√𝑤 2 +1
d. sec 𝜃 =
𝑤

1
e. tan 𝜃 = 𝑤
Chapter 2
2.1 Slopes and rates of change
1
1. Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥
a) Find the slope of the curve at 𝑥 = 𝑎

−1
ANS: 𝑎2
−1
b) Where does the slope equal to 4
?

1 1
ANS: (2, 2) , (−2, − 2)

2. Write an equation for the normal to the curve 𝑓(𝑥) = 4 − 𝑥 2 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 1.

1 5
ANS: 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 2

3. Let 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 , find the following.

a) The slope of the curve at 𝑥 = −2

ANS: -4

b) The equation of the tangent line at 𝑥 = −2

ANS: 𝑦 = −4𝑥 − 4

c) The equation of the normal line at 𝑥 = −2

1 9
ANS: 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 + 2

4. Find the slope of the curve 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥| at the following values of 𝑥.
a) 𝑥 = 2

ANS: 1

b) 𝑥 = −3

ANS: -1

2 − 2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 < 0
5. 𝑓(𝑥) = { }
2𝑥 + 2 , 𝑥 ≥ 0

Determine whether the curve has a tangent at 𝑥 = 0 , if not, explain why.

ANS: No, slope from the left is -2, slope from the right is 2
Chapter 2
2.1 Slopes and rates of change

1
, 𝑥≤2
𝑥
6. Let 𝑓(𝑥) = {4−𝑥 }
4
, 𝑥 > 2
Determine whether 𝑓(𝑥) has a tangent at 𝑥 = 2, if not explain why?

ANS: Yes, the slope is −1/4.

7. If the line 𝐾 tangent to the graph of a function 𝑔 at a point (2,5) passes through the point
(−1, −3), what is the slope of 𝐾?
A. -3/8 B. 3/8 C. -8/3 D. 8/3
ANS: D.

2
8. Which of the following is an equation of the tangent to the graph of 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 1.
A. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 B. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 C. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 4 D. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 3

ANS: C.

9. Which of the following is an equation for the tangent line to ℎ(𝑥) = 9 − 𝑥 2 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 2

1 9
A. 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 + 2
B. 𝑦 = −4𝑥 + 13
C. 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 13
D. 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 3

ANS: B

10. Let 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 and 𝑘 = (1, 𝑔(1)). Find the following:

a) The slope of the curve 𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑎𝑡 𝑘
ANS: -1

b) An equation of the tangent line at k

ANS: 𝑦 = −𝑥 − 1

c) An equation of the normal line at k

ANS: 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 3
Chapter 2
2.2 The Derivative function

1. If 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 , find the following:

a) 𝑓′(𝑥) using the definition of derivative.

𝐴𝑁𝑆: 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 2
b) 𝑓′(3)
ANS: 4

2. Evaluate the following

cos(𝜋+𝑘)−cos 𝜋
lim
𝑘→0 𝑘

ANS: 0

2𝑥 + 1 , 𝑥 ≤ 0
3. Let ℎ(𝑥) = { 2 }
𝑥 + 1 ,𝑥 > 0
Which of the following is equal to the left derivative of ℎ 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 0 ?
A. 2
B. 0
C. −∞
D. ∞

ANS: A.

4. Which of the following is equal to the right derivative of ℎ 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 0 ?

A. 2
B. 0
C. −∞
D. ∞
ANS: B

5. 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2
a) Find 𝑔′(𝑥) using the definition of derivative at 𝑎 = 2
ANS: 8

b) Find the tangent line to the graph of 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑎𝑡 𝑎 = 2

ANS: 𝑦 = 8𝑥 − 8
Chapter 2
2.2 The Derivative function

6. Let 𝑔(𝑥) = √𝑥 + 2
a) Find 𝑔′ (𝑥) using the definition of derivative.
1
ANS:
6

b) Find the equation of the tangent line to 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑎𝑡 𝑎 = 7

1 11
ANS: 𝑦 = 6 𝑥 + 6

c) Find the equation of the normal line to 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑎𝑡 𝑎 = 7

ANS: 𝑦 = −6𝑥 + 45

(𝑥 + 1)2 , 𝑥 ≤ 0
7. Let 𝑓(𝑥) = {2𝑥 + 1 , 0 < 𝑥 < 3}
(4 − 𝑥)2 , 𝑥 ≥ 3
Find all values of 𝑥 for which the function is differentiable.

ANS: All real numbers except 3.

3−𝑥 ,𝑥 < 1
8. Let 𝑓(𝑥) = { 2 }
𝑚𝑥 + 𝑛𝑥 , 𝑥 ≥ 1
Where 𝑚, 𝑛 are constants.
a) If the function is continuous for all 𝑥, what is the relationship between 𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑛 ?

ANS: 𝑚 + 𝑛 = 2

b) Find the unique values of 𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑛 that will make 𝑓(𝑥) both continuous and differentiable.

ANS: 𝑚 = −3 , 𝑛 = 5.

9. Find all points in the domain of 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥 − 2|+ 5 where 𝑓 is not differentiable.

ANS: 𝑥 = 2 𝑎𝑠 (2,5) is a corner point.

10. Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 2|𝑥|−1

The function 𝑓(𝑥) fails to be differentiable at 𝑥 = 0. Tell whether the problem is a corner, cusp,
vertical tangent, or discontinuity.

ANS: Corner
Chapter 2
2.3

𝑑𝑦
1. Find 𝑑𝑥
for

𝑥3 𝑥2
𝑦= 3
+ 2
+𝑥

ANS: 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1

2. Find the values of 𝑥 for which the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 2 + 1 has horizontal tangents.

ANS: 𝑥 = 0 , ∓√2

3. Which of the following numbers is the slope of the line tangent to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 at
𝑥 = 3?
A. 24
−5
B. 2
C. 11
D. 8

ANS: C

𝑥 3 +1
4. Find an equation for the line tangent to the curve 𝑦 = at 𝑥 = 1
2𝑥
1 1
ANS: 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 2

𝑑𝑦 1
5. Find 𝑑𝑥 for the curve 𝑦 = 2√𝑥 −
√𝑥

√𝑥 (2𝑥+1)
ANS: 2𝑥 2

6. Find the first four derivatives of the function 𝑦 = 𝑥 −1 + 𝑥 2

ANS: 𝑦 ′ = −𝑥 −2 + 2𝑥
𝑦 ′′ = 2𝑥 −3 + 2
𝑦 ′′′ = −6𝑥 −4
𝑦 (𝑖𝑣) = 24𝑥 −5

7. Find an equation of the normal line to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 -3𝑥 + 1 at the point (2,3).

1 29
ANS: 𝑦 = − 9 𝑥 + 9
Chapter 2
2.3

8. Find the points on the curve 𝑦 = 2𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 20 where the tangent is parallel to the
𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠.

ANS: (−1,27), (2,0)

1
9. Let 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 𝑥
Find 𝑔′′ (𝑥).
1
A. 1 +
𝑥2
1
B. 1 − 𝑥2
C. 𝐷𝑁𝐸
−2
D. 𝑥3

ANS: D

10. If the line normal to the graph of 𝑓 at the point (1,2) passes through the point (−1,1), then
which of the following gives the value of 𝑓 ′ (1).
A. -2
B. 2
1
C. 2
1
D. − 2
𝐴𝑁𝑆: A

𝑥2 , 𝑥 ≤ 1
11. Let 𝑔(𝑥) = { }
√𝑥 , 𝑥 > 1
Determine whether 𝑔 is differentiable at 𝑥 = 1, if so find the value of the derivative
there.

ANS: 𝑔 is not differentiable at 𝑥 = 1

Chapter 2
2.4 The Product and Quotient Rule

𝑑𝑦
1. Find 𝑑𝑥
for 𝑦 = (𝑥 3 + 𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 4 + 𝑥 2 + 1)

ANS: 7𝑥 6 + 10𝑥 4 + 4𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1

2. Find 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) 𝑖𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 2 + 1)(𝑥 3 + 3)

ANS: 5𝑥 4 + 3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥

𝑥 2 −1
3. Find 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) 𝑖𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥 2 +1

4𝑥
ANS:
(𝑥 2 +1)2

4. Let 𝑢 = 𝑥𝑦 be the product of the functions 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦.

Find 𝑢′ (2) 𝑖𝑓 𝑥(2) = 3, 𝑥 ′ (2) = −4, 𝑦(2) = 1, 𝑦 ′ (2) = 2.

ANS: 2

𝑥 2 +3
5. Find the equation for the line tangent to the curve 𝑦 = at the point (1,2)
2𝑥

ANS: 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 3

√𝑥−1
6. Find 𝑑𝑦/𝑑𝑥 for 𝑦 =
√𝑥+1

1
ANS:
√𝑥(√𝑥+1)2

𝑑𝑦 (𝑥−1)(𝑥 2 +𝑥+1)
7. Find for 𝑦 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥3

3
ANS: 𝑥 4

𝑑 𝑥+1
8. Which of the following is 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥−1)

2
A. (𝑥−1)2
B. 0
𝑥 2 +1
C. − 𝑥2
Chapter 2
2.4 The Product and Quotient Rule

2
D. −
(𝑥−1)2

ANS: D

𝑑𝑦 4𝑥−3
9. Find 𝑑𝑥 𝑖𝑓 𝑦 = 2𝑥+1

10
A. (2𝑥+1)2
10
B. − (4𝑥−3)2
10
C. (4𝑥−3)2
10
D. − (2𝑥+1)2

ANS: A

𝑥 2 −1
10. Find all values of 𝑥 at which the tangent line to the curve 𝑦 = is horizontal
𝑥 2 +1

𝐴𝑁𝑆: 𝑥 = 0