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M1Lesson2 ScientificInvestigation

1) The document discusses the scientific method and its steps: stating a problem, forming a hypothesis, conducting experiments, collecting and analyzing data, and drawing a conclusion. 2) It provides an example of using the scientific method to test the hypothesis that aspirin causes hair regrowth in bald men. In the experiment, 20 bald men were split into two groups, with one group taking aspirin daily for 3 months. 3) The results were analyzed to determine if there was a significant difference in hair growth between the treated and untreated groups, which would either reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.

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Zaimon Maulion
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23 views

M1Lesson2 ScientificInvestigation

1) The document discusses the scientific method and its steps: stating a problem, forming a hypothesis, conducting experiments, collecting and analyzing data, and drawing a conclusion. 2) It provides an example of using the scientific method to test the hypothesis that aspirin causes hair regrowth in bald men. In the experiment, 20 bald men were split into two groups, with one group taking aspirin daily for 3 months. 3) The results were analyzed to determine if there was a significant difference in hair growth between the treated and untreated groups, which would either reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Uploaded by

Zaimon Maulion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Quarter 1: Lesson 2

Scientific
Investigation
Objectives:
• Explain the Scientific Method.
• Describe the components of a Scientific Method.
DETECTIVE
CONAN
What is he doing
based on the anime?
Directions: Fill in the missing
pictures by telling its cause

Let's play and effect.

cause and
effect!
EFFECT-
Flashflood
What is
it's cause?
CAUSE- Too much eating of
sweets
What is
it's effect?
EFFECT- Invention of Cellphone

What is
it's cause?
Who among you
knows on how to
create a research?
When we try to solve a problem on a systematic basis in order to contribute to the
world’s stock of knowledge, we are doing research. Research is meant to answer questions
or problems that necessitate or demand solutions. It is step by step process to lessen the
chance of making mistakes. This method allows us to answer scientific questions with
evidence as we probe the various problems we experience. Every step is clearly defined to
avoid guesswork. The problem must be identified thoroughly, and the variables should be
clear to the mind of the researcher. As soon as we have collected the necessary data and
information, these will become our basis in formulating our conclusion. The conclusion must
be drawn based on the result of the investigation.
The scientific method is also considered as a
problem-solving method. It is also useful in the
decision-making process. It relies an observation
and repeatable tests to reveal the truth. In
doing scientific investigation, both types of
observations are valuable, because observations
can be precisely and objectively compared in
experiments.
The Scientific Method involves a series of steps that are used to
investigate a natural occurrence.
State the problem
-Develop a question or problem that can be solved through
experimentation.
-Your question should be worded so that it can be answered
through experimentation. Keep your question concise and clear
so that everyone knows what you are trying to solve.

The research problem:


“Can aspirin cure
Observation/Research
-Make observations and research your topic of interest.

Observation is essential in science. Scientists use observation to collect


and record data, which enables them to construct and then test
hypotheses and theories. Scientists observe in many ways – with their
own senses or with tools such as microscopes, scanners or transmitters
to extend their vision or hearing.
Formulate a Hypothesis
-Predict a possible answer to the problem or question.

What is
Ahypothesis?
hypothesis is an idea or proposition that can be tested by
observations or experiments, about the natural world.
After a problem is identified within the scientific method, a hypothesis is formulated. The scientist
interested in aspirin as a cure for baldness might formulate the following hypothesis: aspirin causes
the regrowth of hair on completely bald heads.

Null hypothesis: “There is no significant difference in the number of hairs growing on the heads of
treated or untreated men.”
Experiment
-Develop and follow a procedure.
Exampl
e:
Our baldness expert might design an experiment that would compare two groups of individuals
so that they differed by only one factor. That difference would be whether or not they took
aspirin.

Obtain 20 completely bald men. Divide them randomly into two equal-sized groups of 10 men
each. One group of ten would serve as the treatment group. Send the treatment group home but
tell them to take four aspirins each day for 3 months. The other group would serve as a control
group—they would go home to live life as usual with no aspirin. At the end of 3 months bring
everyone back to the laboratory and count the hairs--if any--on each head.
Collect and Analyze Results
- Confirm the results by retesting.

The next step in the scientific process is data analysis.


On the basis of such analyses you can either reject or
accept the hypothesis that was formulated at the
beginning of the experiment. The data listed below are
those collected from the aspirin-baldness experiment.
Group 1. Control: no
Number of hairs on head:
3
aspirin
6 14 2 5 7 19 30 1
Group 2. Treatment: four
2 aspirins each
Number of hairs on head:
2 1 19 3
day
7 6 3 5 22 29
Does aspirin appear to affect hair regrowth? You can't really say until the data are analyzed.

The data analysis will produce results that produce statistics (characteristics related to these
samples) that are interpreted as:

1. There is no significant difference in the two samples.


OR
2. The two samples are significantly different.
Conclusion
-Include a statement that accepts or rejects the hypothesis.
-Make recommendations for further study and possible
improvements to the procedure.

The conclusion is a statement about what the data analysis says about the hypothesis.

1. If there is no significant difference in the two samples, the aspirin treatment has had no
significant effect on hair growth. Accept the null hypothesis.
OR
2. If there is a significant difference in the two samples, the aspirin treatment has had a
significant effect on hair growth. Reject the null hypothesis Aspirin does cause a regrowth
of hair on completely bald heads.
VALUES OF
A
GOOD
PERSEVERA
a good scientist must never give up. You

NCE
must be hold to do the impossible.
Discoveries not happen overnight. It takes a
lot of time, effort, sacrifice, and other
resources.
HONE
being honest is important in acquiring knowledge.
A scientist who gathers data from his/her work

STY
must reflect the truth about his/her findings.
RESPONSIBILI
True scientists holds themselves

TY
accountable for the consequences of their
study. As such, they must exercise caution to
avoid negative effects to living organisms
and the environment.

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