Nome : Pobl Akshoykumo Page No.

Subject : Reseavch Methodology Oate

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Deline esearCh Eploin the Qrocess o eSeach in

Ldledoil Lith agpopkiaBe cioguom.
Reoseorch is o process c Gteps used to Collec!
ahd analyze inoma Hioh foinCease ou undesBondiny 6f

Deline Reseanch Problem

Reviel o iteratute

formuloboho Hypothesis.
Reposiy Re Seoxch Desgh
Dalo Collecion

Dalo Ahalysi
Dhai Canclusions
Pigpasabon of Rescach Repoct
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Deane ond foimulake Hhe Resenvch AaAlerm. i

" The inenion of the vesenchek, in this
Gloqe, is levebping apreiminay eSta»ch question and
o set o_ohiecves.
This is the most Cucial stage, because an
InappBopriate topic O uestion ill leod to dhficutiec loBek,
hich night hot be esolved o , take in a lot ol Eime
Ondeot to tesalve, lhich Lil esul in lasBage oE mo
hey and ime hesoUHCes
a) Thise sBage delemihes he elata lhich ae to be Collecked
The selevank Chazackeisics a the dala.
j) Relatiohs Llhich ee to be exploved.
) Choice cf techbiques to he ised in these explorokions.
e) fosm of the Iing) teport
" The sesear cher mus Selecl thereseach
Qea peaining to his proessional ond peusang! inlesests.
Siom this, he must Single out the problem he lJanks ko
Gdy
o) Thn Thut cu gh undeuskanclinq oP he quablem by Reseos cher.
Phasing this problem indo Clea ond meaningu Tesms,
Aon he paini of ies ol ResaaCh Mekhedoloqy

9) Revies. o tesoha
" Aldesatuve tevielo is meant o the
he Seochesto ossess the skale of knaalecdge in the oeQ
TA incluces Caicolykeocng, ealua ing ond oganisng
ensking keratue on the Eapi undes Gudly.
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" os this pu-pase, he seseasth musk Cavelulls Head:

o) Academic doLLnals ahd Reseach woLngls Guch as Emeald
) Bbliog+a phies o eaies Sudies
|9 Cantesence aroleedings.
d) Qoveuhmeht beporks
e) Repords Ond slaielics by independen autholilies nd
a4 encies Such as RAI, ond YSEAr etc.
9 Locks

fa example, ateSeavch slucy mus baye been

Catied out to stucy puceplion o Caca - Cola as a dkink
o the Gustomer in uSA ohe Can Cosy oud this ody
inis not
Indio, the seszachgop
Couied cu! in Thdiq.
being Ihat , sch a
Shudy

Time
A sludymigh bave been Casied oul in i5s0 to
exC.mine the actors to sHess omchgs Sehick Gizehs
A Similo ShudyConbe ConchcBed in 2020_as,there
ia a high probabkdy #hat Sotneacess and thei levels
nighB haye Changed

3)forry lalion of Reseasch Hypothesis

i
Thisphase Cnesalle cn enlenSie
ieviels of tesakse and Inding of seSeonch gaps
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Data.

Alloukng hypothesis iS o Lontaiye assumption,

guess o the proviSibhal explanctnn o the poblen undes
shucly fomecl oh the basis o greliminou ohselaionS of
the fachs elaBed to the poblem.
I iS Vesy inpakaho the teGenuch sudenBs Lo
lgel hisesearch hypnthe gis Contismed by the eseaxch
guide beoe movib tolacnd to the next slage.

9Aepoind the Reseaxch Desich

The ieseach desigh, Llkch is the klue - pink of he
eSeaLch is Qrepased ales he famulalich of eSeasCh puoble
ohd dayelkpnen hygcthesis
RasiCally Reszonch dlesigh slakes he Concaotual su
chue Lthin b+ch seseasch lotd he Condcked.
Research desigh qocides insiqhls ckut "huw" do
Concluck zeSeonch using o pakcala keseauck melhodcl
t is oh the basis o teseaCh desigh , thQt
4he keseaxch is he Cohduce.
" A4ood HeSeasch desigh facalales eficiehl
LegenLCh Llbich yields maxinalteleyant intonaliuh L,
minimal Hrne eot cncd muney
pals of ReseasCh 2esigh
The bDod teseaCh cesigh Can he divicled ibto the
olltoihgt pats
91Somplins Desigh I deals Lh the methed C
seleclc ef dems to he chaewed o he gven slly
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)obsewational DeSigh Relenso the Conditons und

|Llbichhe obserakions are to be made

9\Slatishtal Desth Dedls :h the humbeo items

|to he ohseuved cndl the Lays of daBa Collecion ahd
|methods o analyzing dao
9 peniohal Desigh i Releg to the technigues. by
hch the puocecluses Specihed in the Sompling,GEai
Stical and obsevaliohgl desighs_Can he Cotied out

s)Data CollecBioh
Lhen Caming to lhis slageh eeseavche
Shauld have a Cleav dea af bo dala to Collec
Lond how to Callect st Gnd the netheds and Aech nige!
|to be uszd ollecihq he Iquiecl_daBa..
Th acoLclonce Lith tke seeach cdesih, acual
Colleclion of dalo and intonoBioh beging
The dlada Callecled is_ udhe choluzed
Ghd hypnthesis ested go as to seach Lo e ConcluSio.

Geca ndaiy Daa.

Can he Collecded eitheL Jhycugh expeirei

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Pimay dag Colleclitn heds to be freceded

by a qeaB level o) preparaton
In Case Gf qusionnaires, plot clal Colleclich
may be equited.
"medhads Used for Rimoy ada olhecion.
o) Expesiment H) Questionnaite.
)Pschal Inieviet0S.
e) Telephanic inBeielw ) schedules

) Seconday Dala
Methsd used Yo Secondlaydata Calleclion
a) Revielo_ond lteatuve HO icial Crd non-oaol hego

Daka Abalusis
.Data analysis is he nost technical phose
in the reSeonch proceas.
Aftex the_data js Collected i is assembled,
orqenised and ChssledJn Sucha lay Hhat he byothasis
Canbe ested
Soting and tabulcin then, accoxding to Leir hotue
Dodo analysis mehods tasy belJeen Secanday
and phimo Stud;eS, as ell as, between qualiaye and
auonfikotivC Salies
" Mekhud's o dala onalys Snauld alDays he
Seloled t the objechives c the tesao1Ch, llhth mecns
Hhat the anahsis dala Shouel onswe the eseach
l4uesicn o hyputhess
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)Diowing Conclusion
" Jhe cks Cugsion hee shoule toCUS_ backoh .
eGeoch" Jhepoblem.
on9)e to the tesearch ques tiohs must
|be Cleosy sloted- The teseaChe Can eYaluaBe the
exten Hhe sucess of his eSea Lch in ochieving
the seseach cbiectiyies. Also,the teSeayches Can
evaluaBe te extent of the Success o his seseaxch
Lin achieving the eseach ohieclves Aso, lhestrengths
Ohd fimahcng o he HeSeach musk be mehtiohed.
Mo.eOye the teSeacher Cah make teComenca tioh
o Austhek veseaLch in theAeld.

" The ieseaCh sudy is hot Canplele hat

the poepaucith, oh the Jepar "o the Jlask cene ky
Hhe ieseavche
" The lepot musk be phepasec ith oye
Care
"SepaLate Chaptess shauld he ciGn^ed into
ohe Ale o Comple le the tustdual
" The teszoLch epouB is basicaly aided
in sages
o) clasig
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IDate.

Lplaihin delail VaviouS types of teSeavch.

Depencirg upon the gseasch melhod used, Resen
ch Can be clasiled into dillesent Aypes. eseoxch
method teess to a Gysta emahc and Scienic qrocecluke
o dlalo ollechicn Conpilaion., analysis , intepieBation
ahd eporing ol indings
)Quontdalve Reseo:ch
Quontative Research clegchibes,ines
abd esolves problens lith the help o humbeys Heans,
this type o NeseavCh is moke c1pplicoble to phehom ena
thal Con be expegSed in teln o quaniyThe claBq in
auanlitaivue fom is suhieckel o igosous quanilabve
analysis ih o Youma, and H4id ashion.
The tocus _oh the tesea ch is oh
Hhe Calleclyon of umeial daBa SummDri Zing this clala
Cnd the dtaing ol nde ences Iiom SuChdaBa. Usually,
Ehe ohiecve o quontloe seSecnch iS to clekevmine
LJhethes he echcBiMe qeneralzciohs al o theoy hal4 tue

)lQuoove Reseoch
"JhiS eSeoCh 0S basec on hoh- nume.ica) Qhd
unguonkilobleelemenks
" This teSeaxCh is uSes) in lose o' 4 phenomena
" These elementsintlude Llaxdls, feelingS, emolioh
Sounds etc
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" Quoldaiye eseach is base oh cliveck ohse

ion o behaviout o on tronsCipts o} unsuctubed
intevie) Lkdhkespondents.
"A veseouchernight ihteviels hem for Gevera
houa, kope- eCocing the lhole thing and then bansc
hbe the Coldigs to Iilen tert oncl Ehen chalyze
the text

3 Descipive Reseaxch
"DeSChplive keseach is an attempt to dekon
degc kibe , c idehtily Sameing ancd qulls knowledlge
stcde o Oflaiks as it eriss at preseht
"The vesea sch is to gathe infonach abdat
Condition S, Situa iohS_ ond eyents that ccur ih the
ieSoh
Thus, Ehe main tocus hee, is oh descipkioh,
athes theh examinihqelationship o assOCiaLions.
" Alsb knouh as Statcal eSeovch inclucles sves
Qnd fhct - inaling enguikies. fas example, equenty of
Shogping prelesences o} people elc.

9Ancl¡ti cal Reseoxch

Ih this pe of ReSeanch, he alkeocdy
eailable facts o inbumaioh oie ahalysed o nake
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In the
and evaluajoh o}onalyical study, an in- depth Study
available inormaion is made in on
otempt o explain Complex phenp mnoh.
Analyical
ing skils
seSeavch Hhus, involves Cuitical think
and the evaluoion of tacds ahd in•ormalion
elatec t Hhe seseasCh being Conducted.

6) Basic Reseach
Algo kncuh as fundamenta) Resecch o
pure ReSeavch, Basic seSeach js undetalento dekemihe
O estoblish undamenBa acts ondl elationship ith in
a chscipline o leld o Gtudy
. Such keseaxch may o may ho hare
Qachical applcaton at the present Hime o in the
" This ype ot yeseqsch is mainly ConCehed
th genexalizo ion_ and the development o heohieS.,
Hheorems ond Qrools.

)Acplied Reseach i+
Also relewed to as an acioh seSeauch
is undeta keh toSolue Q patkicalo pkoblem in Q
|Gubon , o to impaye on exislinqSitiaion patculaL
Basically , ths beseach aims at ihcinq
a Saluton o an inmediaBe poblem Ioting a
business ogarizcdion / indutey Gocieky
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"Such a teGeavch is Casied out to Golve

Specilkt , patiCal questions }o olity omulaBoh.
adminisha Lon ond undesslanding ol a phen oimeh oh.

9aploratoy Reacnch
" As the hameihdicaes, the seGeanChis
explore Cestain Subject
ploaBoy reSeosch isseSeQ:ch inko the
unknoun. Tke teseqschev is jnvestiqoBing Gomething buk
eally dont undenskand it a noreaveL he ís Complely
Sute hat he is laolting ok.
The aurpase ot explosatoy ESenschis
deelogment of hypotheSiS inghead ol estinq it
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Qzshot noBes

ResearCh inVigokakes on inquisitive

mind to edevelçp nels ideas und Contephs. Ths helps
o expond oh Ehe knculeye and apli caion.s cnd ensuke
the Contihuous pragess ol humanity
. Jhonks to kesecch,mankind has
heen able to tan into teality Sevesalthirngs thatohCe.
Geemed impogsi ble.
1)ReSeaxch Setes DS Qtoo) o huildinq o new kno ledge
4Reseanch is the basis o social and Eechnogicalpoq sess ol
monkind.
3) Reseauch is inpordant So udeks to place H.ei ileas Llth
Convicion.
4)lReseach is a must to ascetainohe's ideas.
Reseavch enables Gocial scienssls to sBudy Sbcial elalin
Shigs and Seek answel to Shcig)poblem
4Pesearch Seves asa tool to cihatelecNhing
Reseach ahovideS means Jo undestond VeviOuS iSSues
ond ihckeise public qwOLehess
keSearch on puovideinkelleck) sutisy
cioh
)lReserndh ptanales the davelcpnent of lagian dhnking
19)AAysematic ohd delqiled esearch Valhda>es uthond erpnses
ies
19) Reseach helps ohe to hohe heCessovybasic ie Skils.
Ond makeS Jecubing a eJang endeovosE.
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A do nnoble entepueneu Can meet potenbial ihves los

and other stokeholdexa in business asough teSea+ch
1H)Reseaxch Seves as a meahS to ind , qcuqe cnd Seie
Cpporuniies
IS) Reseasch CosecBs peCepicns as llell as expands them.
l9) o eSear Ch poess johal eseoch Cah Seye as q Source
of livehood.
s thsouh tesearch that ohe gebs to teod, like, ana
ahd shore Valuoble Tlomotich.
14) ReSeaLch acts os a houFiGh ment and exeCise to the thi
9ReseovCh deveaps and evaluaBes Ganlepks, pdCeS and
Hheokies
ao) Qeseanch helps bo daxelap_ ahd evolalenelleds tatdes
Conlepks, potces and theohies
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a)Cateia o qoo ve seach.

Reseanch is a Systemaic po Cess to
area ointesestThe majo Chavacte istics
o a qood eseach are ghated beloD.

9 Clouhy adefinad
The Peseuch chiec ives must be Clecwly
ond Qesensch proble pecisely tomulated
ih that cikeckion. The keaSeunch is gided by
the vesench poblern o hypothesis.

9 Adleuake DesclipBioh o
Reseanch poces Jhe Reseaich piocess alang
h the Hese avch desigh shauld
he descHbed in deto;l so Hhat
usthel advan Ced Ghd +elated
studies an be ConducBed
lj Unbiased II is Vey itnpodant that the heseavCh iS.
hot biascd tobands o Certain outome cend
iS open to dleploy reseanCh kools ahd techniges
to Compehenc reseach outComes
J9 Systematit t neans Hhak the speciled sheps ae
Hell planned jh tesenuch ploCess ahd Qxe
Seuenally alteksed Lth a Ldell - deined
sel o ules.

9RepliCoble i Resecnch sesull ought ta be Weuiked by

Jeplhica ing the Gudy ane thaey Buld n
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a Sound basis tos deci_ions.

6) Plonningo
poCoduve Desth The puocecluval clesigh o Hhe
seSeaych Shaulg be pudently plamed
ond follo1Jed_melicylosly to yield
ohjecives tesuis
) Analygis DaBo ana lysis _haule he odequale to
Jevea, itsSighiHCance. Moeoyek,the
methocs ahd Hechniques used Yoqnglyas
shaule be appBopiate
9 Empikal i TheReseach dacls Lith Conge te dada
hat esesCh
to
piovidestesslt.
a basis a exdesna) alicl,