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What Is HTML

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What Is HTML

Uploaded by

kishore0331
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is HTML

HTML is an acronym which stands for Hyper Text Markup Language which is
used for creating web pages and web applications. Let's see what is meant by
Hypertext Markup Language, and Web page.

Hyper Text: HyperText simply means "Text within Text." A text has a link
within it, is a hypertext. Whenever you click on a link which brings you to a
new webpage, you have clicked on a hypertext. HyperText is a way to link two
or more web pages (HTML documents) with each other.

Markup language: A markup language is a computer language that is used


to apply layout and formatting conventions to a text document. Markup
language makes text more interactive and dynamic. It can turn text into
images, tables, links, etc.

Web Page: A web page is a document which is commonly written in HTML


and translated by a web browser. A web page can be identified by entering an
URL. A Web page can be of the static or dynamic type. With the help of
HTML only, we can create static web pages.

Hence, HTML is a markup language which is used for creating attractive web
pages with the help of styling, and which looks in a nice format on a web
browser. An HTML document is made of many HTML tags and each HTML tag
contains different content.

The major points of HTML are given below:

o HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.


o HTML is used to create web pages and web applications.
o HTML is widely used language on the web.
o We can create a static website by HTML only.
o Technically, HTML is a Markup language rather than a programming
language.
Let's see a simple example of HTML.

<!DOCTYPE>
<html>
<head>
<title>Web page title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Write Your First Heading</h1>
<p>Write Your First Paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>

Description of HTML Example


<!DOCTYPE>: It defines the document type or it instruct the browser about
the version of HTML.

<html > :This tag informs the browser that it is an HTML document. Text
between html tag describes the web document. It is a container for all other
elements of HTML except <!DOCTYPE>

<head>: It should be the first element inside the <html> element, which
contains the metadata(information about the document). It must be closed
before the body tag opens.

<title>: As its name suggested, it is used to add title of that HTML page which
appears at the top of the browser window. It must be placed inside the head
tag and should close immediately. (Optional)

<body> : Text between body tag describes the body content of the page that
is visible to the end user. This tag contains the main content of the HTML
document.
<h1> : Text between <h1> tag describes the first level heading of the
webpage.

<p> : Text between <p> tag describes the paragraph of the webpage.

Brief History of HTML


In the late 1980's , a physicist, Tim Berners-Lee who was a contractor at CERN,
proposed a system for CERN researchers. In 1989, he wrote a memo
proposing an internet based hypertext system.

Tim Berners-Lee is known as the father of HTML. The first available


description of HTML was a document called "HTML Tags" proposed by Tim in
late 1991. The latest version of HTML is HTML5

HTML Versions
Since the time HTML was invented there are lots of HTML versions in market,
the brief introduction about the HTML version is given below:

HTML 1.0: The first version of HTML was 1.0, which was the barebones version
of HTML language, and it was released in1991.

HTML 2.0: This was the next version which was released in 1995, and it was
standard language version for website design. HTML 2.0 was able to support
extra features such as form-based file upload, form elements such as text box,
option button, etc.

HTML 3.2: HTML 3.2 version was published by W3C in early 1997. This version
was capable of creating tables and providing support for extra options for
form elements. It can also support a web page with complex mathematical
equations. It became an official standard for any browser till January 1997.
Today it is practically supported by most of the browsers.
HTML 4.01: HTML 4.01 version was released on December 1999, and it is a
very stable version of HTML language. This version is the current official
standard, and it provides added support for style sheets (CSS) and scripting
ability for various multimedia elements.

HTML5 : HTML5 is the newest version of HyperText Markup language. The


first draft of this version was announced in January 2008. There are two major
organizations one is W3C (World Wide Web Consortium), and another one is
WHATWG( Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group) which are
involved in the development of HTML 5 version, and still, it is under
development.

Features of HTML
1) It is a very easy and simple language. It can be easily understood and
modified.

2) It is very easy to make an effective presentation with HTML because it has


a lot of formatting tags.

3) It is a markup language, so it provides a flexible way to design web pages


along with the text.

4) It facilitates programmers to add a link on the web pages (by html anchor
tag), so it enhances the interest of browsing of the user.

5) It is platform-independent because it can be displayed on any platform


like Windows, Linux, and Macintosh, etc.

6) It facilitates the programmer to add Graphics, Videos, and Sound to the


web pages which makes it more attractive and interactive.

7) HTML is a case-insensitive language, which means we can use tags either in


lower-case or upper-case.

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