Q7.

A piece of fruit falls straight down. As it falls,

A. the gravitational force does positive work on it and the

gravitational potential energy increases.
B. the gravitational force does positive work on it and the
gravitational potential energy decreases.
C. the gravitational force does negative work on it and the
gravitational potential energy increases.
D. the gravitational force does negative work on it and the
gravitational potential energy decreases.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

A7.1

A piece of fruit falls straight down. As it falls,

A. the gravitational force does positive work on it and the

gravitational potential energy increases.
B. the gravitational force does positive work on it and the
gravitational potential energy decreases.
C. the gravitational force does negative work on it and the
gravitational potential energy increases.
D. the gravitational force does negative work on it and the
gravitational potential energy decreases.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Q7.2
You toss a 0.150-kg baseball
straight upward so that it leaves v2 = 0 y2
your hand moving at 20.0 m/s. The
ball reaches a maximum height y2.
What is the speed of the ball when
v1 = 20.0 m/s
it is at a height of y2/2? Ignore air
resistance. m = 0.150 kg
A. 10.0 m/s y1 = 0

B. less than 10.0 m/s but greater than zero

C. greater than 10.0 m/s
D. not enough information given to decide

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

A7.2
You toss a 0.150-kg baseball
straight upward so that it leaves v2 = 0 y2
your hand moving at 20.0 m/s. The
ball reaches a maximum height y2.
What is the speed of the ball when
v1 = 20.0 m/s
it is at a height of y2/2? Ignore air
resistance. m = 0.150 kg
A. 10.0 m/s y1 = 0

B. less than 10.0 m/s but greater than zero

C. greater than 10.0 m/s
D. not enough information given to decide

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Q7.3
As a rock slides from A to B along
the inside of this frictionless
hemispherical bowl, mechanical
energy is conserved. Why?
(Ignore air resistance.)

A. The bowl is hemispherical.

B. The normal force is balanced by centrifugal force.
C. The normal force is balanced by centripetal force.
D. The normal force acts perpendicular to the bowl’s surface.
E. The rock’s acceleration is perpendicular to the bowl’s surface.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

A7.3
As a rock slides from A to B along
the inside of this frictionless
hemispherical bowl, mechanical
energy is conserved. Why?
(Ignore air resistance.)

A. The bowl is hemispherical.

B. The normal force is balanced by centrifugal force.
C. The normal force is balanced by centripetal force.
D. The normal force acts perpendicular to the bowl’s surface.
E. The rock’s acceleration is perpendicular to the bowl’s surface.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Q7.4
The two ramps shown are both frictionless. The heights y1 and y2
are the same for each ramp. A block of mass m is released from rest
at the left-hand end of each ramp. Which block arrives at the right-
hand end with the greater speed?

A. the block on the curved track

B. the block on the straight track
C. Both blocks arrive at the right-hand end with the same speed.
D. The answer depends on the shape of the curved track.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
A7.4
The two ramps shown are both frictionless. The heights y1 and y2
are the same for each ramp. A block of mass m is released from rest
at the left-hand end of each ramp. Which block arrives at the right-
hand end with the greater speed?

A. the block on the curved track

B. the block on the straight track
C. Both blocks arrive at the right-hand end with the same speed.
D. The answer depends on the shape of the curved track.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Q7.5
A block is released from rest on a
frictionless incline as shown. When the
moving block is in contact with the spring
and compressing it, what is happening to
the gravitational potential energy Ugrav
and the elastic potential energy Uel?
A. Ugrav and Uel are both increasing.
B. Ugrav and Uel are both decreasing.
C. Ugrav is increasing; Uel is decreasing.
D. Ugrav is decreasing; Uel is increasing.
E. The answer depends on how the block’s speed is changing.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

A7.5
A block is released from rest on a
frictionless incline as shown. When the
moving block is in contact with the spring
and compressing it, what is happening to
the gravitational potential energy Ugrav
and the elastic potential energy Uel?
A. Ugrav and Uel are both increasing.
B. Ugrav and Uel are both decreasing.
C. Ugrav is increasing; Uel is decreasing.
D. Ugrav is decreasing; Uel is increasing.
E. The answer depends on how the block’s speed is changing.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Q7.6
The graph shows the potential
energy U for a particle that moves
along the x-axis.
The particle is initially at x = d
and moves in the negative x-
direction. At which of the labeled
x-coordinates does the particle
have the greatest speed?

A. at x = a B. at x = b C. at x = c D. at x = d
E. more than one of the above

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

A7.6
The graph shows the potential
energy U for a particle that moves
along the x-axis.
The particle is initially at x = d
and moves in the negative x-
direction. At which of the labeled
x-coordinates does the particle
have the greatest speed?

A. at x = a B. at x = b C. at x = c D. at x = d
E. more than one of the above

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Q7.7
The graph shows the potential
energy U for a particle that moves
along the x-axis.
The particle is initially at x = d
and moves in the negative x-
direction. At which of the labeled
x-coordinates is the particle
slowing down?

A. at x = a B. at x = b C. at x = c D. at x = d
E. more than one of the above

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

A7.7
The graph shows the potential
energy U for a particle that moves
along the x-axis.
The particle is initially at x = d
and moves in the negative x-
direction. At which of the labeled
x-coordinates is the particle
slowing down?

A. at x = a B. at x = b C. at x = c D. at x = d
E. more than one of the above

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Q7.8
The graph shows the potential
energy U for a particle that moves
along the x-axis. At which of the
labeled x-coordinates is there zero
force on the particle?

A. at x = a and x = c
B. at x = b only
C. at x = d only
D. at x = b and d
E. misleading question—there is a force at all values of x

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

A7.8
The graph shows the potential
energy U for a particle that moves
along the x-axis. At which of the
labeled x-coordinates is there zero
force on the particle?

A. at x = a and x = c
B. at x = b only
C. at x = d only
D. at x = b and d
E. misleading question—there is a force at all values of x

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Q7.9
Fx
The graph shows a conservative force Fx as a
function of x in the vicinity of x = a. As the
graph shows, Fx = 0 at x = a. Which statement x
0
about the associated potential energy function a
U at x = a is correct?

A. U = 0 at x = a
B. U is a maximum at x = a.
C. U is a minimum at x = a.
D. U is neither a minimum or a maximum at x = a, and
its value at x = a need not be zero.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

A7.9
Fx
The graph shows a conservative force Fx as a
function of x in the vicinity of x = a. As the
graph shows, Fx = 0 at x = a. Which statement x
0
about the associated potential energy function a
U at x = a is correct?

A. U = 0 at x = a
B. U is a maximum at x = a.
C. U is a minimum at x = a.
D. U is neither a minimum or a maximum at x = a, and
its value at x = a need not be zero.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Q7.10
Fx
The graph shows a conservative force Fx as a
function of x in the vicinity of x = a. As the
graph shows, Fx = 0 at x = a. Which statement x
0
about the associated potential energy function a
U at x = a is correct?

A. U = 0 at x = a
B. U is a maximum at x = a.
C. U is a minimum at x = a.
D. U is neither a minimum or a maximum at x = a, and
its value at x = a need not be zero.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

A7.10
Fx
The graph shows a conservative force Fx as a
function of x in the vicinity of x = a. As the
graph shows, Fx = 0 at x = a. Which statement x
0
about the associated potential energy function a
U at x = a is correct?

A. U = 0 at x = a
B. U is a maximum at x = a.
C. U is a minimum at x = a.
D. U is neither a minimum or a maximum at x = a, and
its value at x = a need not be zero.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Q7.11
Fx
The graph shows a conservative force Fx as a
function of x in the vicinity of x = a. As the
graph shows, Fx > 0 and dFx/dx < 0 at x = a. x
0
Which statement about the associated potential a
energy function U at x = a is correct?

A. dU/dx > 0 at x = a
B. dU/dx < 0 at x = a
C. dU/dx = 0 at x = a
D. Any of the above could be correct.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

A7.11
Fx
The graph shows a conservative force Fx as a
function of x in the vicinity of x = a. As the
graph shows, Fx > 0 and dFx/dx < 0 at x = a. x
0
Which statement about the associated potential a
energy function U at x = a is correct?

A. dU/dx > 0 at x = a
B. dU/dx < 0 at x = a
C. dU/dx = 0 at x = a
D. Any of the above could be correct.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Q7.12

You push a block up an inclined ramp at a constant speed.

There is friction between the block and the ramp.

The rate at which the internal energy of the block and

ramp increases is

A. greater than the rate at which you do work on the block.

B. the same as the rate at which you do work on the block.
C. less than the rate at which you do work on the block.
D. not enough information given to decide

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

A7.12

You push a block up an inclined ramp at a constant speed.

There is friction between the block and the ramp.

The rate at which the internal energy of the block and

ramp increases is

A. greater than the rate at which you do work on the block.

B. the same as the rate at which you do work on the block.
C. less than the rate at which you do work on the block.
D. not enough information given to decide

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.