Q.

1: Find the zeroes of each of the following quadratic polynomials and verify the relationship
between the zeroes and their coefficients:

(i) f(x)=x 2-2x-8f (x) = x 2- 2x- 8

(ii) g(s)=4s 2-4s+1g (s) = 4s 2 -4s + 1

(iii) 6x2-3-7x6x 2- 3- 7x

(iv) h(t)=t2-15h(t) = t 2- 15

(v) p(x)=x 2 +2✓2x-6p (x) = x 2 + 2✓ 2x-6

(vi) q(x)=✓3x 2 +10x+7 ✓3q (x) = ✓ 3x 2 + lOx + 7✓ 3

(vii) f(x)=x2-(✓3+1)x+✓3f(x) = x 2 -(✓ 3 + l)x + ✓ 3

(viii) g(x)=a(x2+1)-x(a 2+1)g(x) = a(x 2 + 1)-x(a 2 + 1)

Solution:

(i) f(x)=x 2-2x-8f (x) = x 2- 2x- 8

We have,

f(x)=x 2-2x-8f(x) = x 2-2x-8

= x 2-4x+2x-8x 2-4x + 2x-8

= x(x-4)+2(x-4)x (x-4) + 2 (x-4)

= (x+2)(x-4)(x + 2) (x-4)
Zeroes of the polynomials are -2 and 4.

Now,
- coefficient of x
Sum of the zeroes = -coefficientofxcoefficientofx coeffi1c1en
. t f
o x

-(-2)
-2 + 4 = -(-2)1 1

2=2

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Product of the zeroes = constanttermCoefficientofx c co;:i~t :e7
oe 1c1en o x

-8
-8 = -81-
1

-8 = -8

Hence, the relationship is verified.

(ii) g(s)=4s 2-4s+1g (s) = 4s 2 -4s + 1

We have,

g(s)=4s2-4s+1g(s) = 4s 2-4s+ 1

= 4s2-2s-2s+ 14s 2- 2s- 2s + 1

= 2s(2s-1 )-1 (2s-1 )2s (2s- 1) - 1 (2s- 1)

= (2s-1 )(2s-1 )(2s- 1) (2s- 1)

Zeroes of the polynomials are 12 ½and 12 ½-

-coefficient of s
Sum of zeroes = -coefficientofscoefficientofs2 ffi . f
coe 1c1ent o s 2

12 + 12 =-(-4)4 _l + _l = -(-4)
2 2 4

1= 1

Product of zeroes= constanttermCoefficientofx c co;:i~t :e7

oe 1c1en o x

12X 12=14.l X _l = _l 14=14.l = _l

2 2 4 4 4

Hence, the relationship is verified.

(iii) 6s 2-3-7x6s 2 - 3 - 7x

=6s2 - 7x-36s 2 - 7x - 3 = (3x + 11)(2x - 3)

Zeros of the polynomials are 32 and-13 1and -;

-coefficient of x
Sum of the zeros = -coefficientofxcoefficientofx2 ffi . f
coe 1c1ento x 2
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 1
-13+32=-(-7)6--
3
+ l2 = --(-?)
6-

Product of the zeroes = constanttermcoefficientofx2 c~~~nt te7

coe 1c1ent o x

-1 3 -3 -3 -3
-13X32=-36- X - = - -36=-36- = -
3 2 6 6 6

Hence, the relationship is verified.

(iv) h(t)=t2-15h(t) = t 2- 15

We have,

h(t)=t2-15h(t) = t 2- 15

= t2-✓1st 2 - ✓ TI

= (t+ ✓15)(t-✓15)(t + ✓ 15) (t- ✓ 15)

Zeroes of the polynomials are -✓15and ✓15-✓ TI and ✓ TI

Sum of the zeroes = 0

-✓15+✓1 s-✓ TI + ✓ TI =o

O=O
-15
Product of zeroes= constanttermCoefficientofx c co~:i~t :e7 = -151-
1
oe 1c1en o x

-✓15x ✓15=-15-✓ TI x✓ TI= -15

-15=-15

Hence, the relationship verified.

(v) p(x)=x 2 +2✓2x-6p (x) = x 2 + 2✓ 2x-6

We have,

p(x)=x2 +2 ✓2x-6p (x) = x 2 + 2✓ 2x-6

= x2 +3✓2.x+3✓2x-6x 2 + 3 ✓ 2x + 3 ✓ 2x-6

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= x(x+3✓2}-✓2(x+3✓2)x(x + 3 ✓ 2)- ✓ 2 (x + 3 ✓ 2)
= (x+3✓2)(x-✓2)(x + 3 ✓ 2) (x- ✓ 2)
Zeroes of the polynomials are 3✓23 ✓ 2 and -3✓2-3 ✓ 2
- -2✓ 2
Sum of the zeroes = -2✓21 - 1-

✓2-3✓2=-2✓2✓ 2-3 ✓ 2 = -2✓ 2 -2 ✓2=-2 ✓2-2✓ 2 = -2✓ 2

Product of the zeroes = constanttermCoefficientofx c co~:i~t te7

oe 1c1ent o x

✓2x-3✓2=-s1 ✓ 2 x -3 ✓ 2 = ~
1

-6 = -6

Hence, the relationship is verified.

(vi) q(x) = ✓3x 2 +10x+7 ✓3✓ 3x 2 + lOx + 7✓ 3

= ✓3x 2 + 7x+3x+ 7✓3✓ 3x 2 + 7x + 3x + 7✓ 3

= ✓3x(x+ ✓3)7(x+sqrt3)✓ 3x (x + ✓ 3) 7 (x + sqrt3)

= (x+✓3)(7+sqrt3)(x + ✓ 3) (7 + sqrt3)

Zeros of the polynomials are -✓3and-7✓3-✓ 3and ✓;

Sum of zeros = -10✓3 -✓1~

-
✓-3 - -
-7✓3=-10✓3-
✓ -3 - 7
✓3 = ✓3
-10 - - -10
-10✓3=-10✓3 ✓ 3 = ✓ 3
-10

Product of the polynomials are -✓3, -7✓3-✓ 3, ✓;

7=7

Hence, the relationship is verified.

(vii) h(x) = x 2 -(✓3+1 )x+✓3x 2 - (✓ 3 + 1) X + ✓ 3

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= x2 -✓3-x+ ✓3x 2 - ✓ 3 - x +✓ 3

=x(x-✓3)-1 (x-✓3)x(x- ✓ 3)- l(x - ✓ 3)

= (x-✓3)(x-1 )(x- ✓ 3)(x - 1)

Zeros of the polynomials are 1 and ✓3✓ 3

✓- -co efficient of x
Sum of zeros = -coefficientofxcoefficientofx2 =-[- 3-1] ffi . f =-[-✓ 3-1]
co e 1c1ent o x 2

1 + ✓3=✓3+ 11 + ✓ 3 =✓ 3+1
-coefficientofxcoefficientofx2 = 3
✓ -co efficient of x
Product of zeros = 2
co efficient of x

Hence, the relationship is verified

2
(viii) g(x) = a[(x2+1)-x(a 2+1)] 2a[(x 2 + 1)-x(a 2 + 1)]

= ax2 +a-a 2x-xax 2 + a- a 2 x-x

= ax2 -[(a 2x+1 )]+aax 2 - [(a 2 x + l)] + a

= ax2 -a 2x-x+aax 2 - a 2 x-x + a

= ax(x-a)-1 (x-a)ax(x - a)- l(x-a) = (x-a)(ax-1 )(x-a) (ax-1)

Zeros of the polynomials are 1aand1 land

a
1

a[-a2-1]
Sum of the zeros= a[-a2-1]a a

2 2 2
1a +a= a2+1 a a2+1 a= a2 +1 a -a1 + a = -
a +1
a
- a +1
- a
a +1
-=- a
-
Product of zeros = a/a

1a x a= aa la x a = ~a

1= 1

Hence, the relationship is verified.

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Q.2: If aand(3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=x 2-5x+4
f(x) = x 2-5x + 4 , find the value of 1a+1p-2a(3 ~ + ;-2a~ .
Solution: We have,

aandJ3a and~ are the roots of the quadratic polynomial.

f(x)=x 2-5x+4f(x) = x 2 -5x + 4

Sum of the roots= a+J3a + ~ = 5

Product of the roots = aJ3a~ = 4

So,

= s4-2x4=s4-8=-2742-2 x 4 = 2._g = - 27
4 4 4

Q.3: If aand(3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=x 2-5x+4
f(x) = x 2-5x + 4 , find the value of 1a+1p-2a(3 ~ + ;-2a~ .
Solution:

Since, aandJ3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial.

p(y)=x2-5x+4p(y) = x 2-5x + 4

Sum of the zeroes= a+J3a + ~ =5

Product of the roots = aJ3a~ = 4

So,

1a+113-2aJ3~ + ;-2a~
A+a-2a2r.t2
= l3+a-2a2 l32al3 _1-1 _ _ 1-1 -
ap

= (a+l3)-2(al3)2a13 (a+p}-2(aP) 2
ap

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: 5-2X164 5- 2 X 16 : 5-324 5- 32 : -274 - 27
4 4 4

Q.4: If aand(3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial p(y)=5y 2-7y+1
p (y) = 5y 2- 7y + 1 , find the value of 1a+113 ~ + ; .

Solution: Since, aandl3a and~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial.

p(y)=5y 2-7y+1p (y) = 5y 2- 7y + 1

Sum of the zeroes= a+l3a + ~ =7

Product of the roots = al3a~ = 1

So,

10+ 113 l.
a
+ .lp = o+l3ol3 a+p = 71 2 = 7
ap 1

Q.5: If aand(3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=x 2-x-4
f(x) = x 2-x-4 , find the value of 1a+113-al3 ~ + ;-a~ .

Solution:

Since, aandl3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial.

We have,

f(x)=x 2-x-4f (x) = x 2-x-4

Sum of zeroes = a+l3a + ~ =1

Product of the zeroes = al3a~ = -4

So,

R 1 1 A R a+p A
a + --ap
10+ 113-a""'- p = 0+13013-a""'--ap
ap

= 1-4-(-4)=-14+4 -~ -(-4) = -1 +4

= -1+164 -l+1 6 = 154 Q

4 4

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Q.6: If aand(3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=x 2+x-2
f (x) = x 2 + x-2 , find the value of 1a-113 ~ - ; .

Solution:

Since, aandJ3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial.

We have,

f(x)=x 2 +x-2f(x) = x 2 +x-2

Sum of zeroes =a+J3a + ~ =1
Product of the zeroes =aJ3a~ =-2
So,

10+ 113-aJ3 ~ + f-a~ = a+l3al3 a::

= l3-aal3 13-a
ap

Q.7: If one of the zero of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=4x 2-8kx-9f(x) = 4x 2-8kx-9 is
negative of the other, then find the value of k.

Solution:

Let, the two zeroes of the polynomial f(x)=4x2-8kx-9f(x) = 4x 2-8kx-9 be aand-a

a and -a .
Product of the zeroes =ax-au x -a =-9
Sum of the zeroes = a+(-a )a+ (-a) = -Bk = O Since a-a=OSince a-a= 0
' '
=>Bk=O=> 8k = 0 =>k=O=> k = 0

Q.8: If the sum of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(t)=kt 2+2t+3k
f (t) = kt 2 + 2t + 3k is equal to their product, then find the value of k.
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Solution: Let the two zeroes of the polynomial f(t)=kt 2+2t+3kf (t) = kt 2 + 2t + 3k be aandJ3
a and~.

Sum of the zeroes = a+J3a + ~ = 2

Product of the zeroes =axJ3a x ~ =3k

Now,

-2k=3kk2-
k
= 3k
k
=>3k=-2=> 3k = -2 • k=-23=> k = 2-
3

So , k = 0 and =>k=-23=> k = 2-
3

Q.9: If aandf3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial p(x)=4x2-5x-1
p(x) = 4x 2 -5x-1 , find the value of a 2 f3+af3 2 a 2 ~ + a~ 2 •

Solution:

Since, aandJ3a and~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial p(x)=4x2-5x-1
p (x) = 4x 2- 5x-1

So, Sum of the zeroes = a+J3a + ~ = 54 ¾

Product of the zeroes = axJ3a x ~ = -14 =!._
4

Now,

= 54(-14)¾(-;)

-5
= -516-
16

Q.10: If aandf3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(t)=t2-4t+3
f(t) = t 2 -4t + 3 , find the value of a 4 f3 3+a 3 f3 4 a 4 ~ 3 + a 3 ~ 4 •

Solution:

Since, aandJ3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(t)=t2-4t+3f (t) = t 2- 4t + 3
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So, Sum of the zeroes = a+l3a + ~ = 4

Product of the zeroes = axl3a x ~ = 3

Now,

a4!33+a3!34a4~3 + a3 ~4 = a3l33(a+l3)a3 ~3 (a+~)

=(3)3 (4)(3) 3 (4) =108

Q.11: If aandf3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=6x 2+x-2
f (x) = 6x 2 + x-2 , find the value of ap+pa; + !.

Solution:

Since, aandl3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=6x 2 +x-2
f(x) = 6x 2 + x-2 .

Sum of the zeroes= a+l3a + ~ = -16 -~

Product of the zeroes = axl3a x ~ = -13 =l_

3

Now,

(a 2 +~ 2 )-2a~
= (a 2+l3 2 )-2al3al3----
a~

By substitution the values of the sum of zeroes and products of the zeroes, we will get

= -2512 - 25
12

Q.12: If aandf3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=6x 2+x-2
f(x)=6x 2 +x-2 ,findthevalueofap+2[1a+1p]+3af3; +2[~ + ~]+3a~ .

Solution:

Since, aandl3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=6x 2 +x-2
f(x) = 6x 2 + x-2 .

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Sum of the zeroes= a+l3a + ~ = 63 {

Product of the zeroes = axl3a x ~ = 43 ±

3

Now,

013+2[ 10+ 113]+3al3; + 2 [ ~ + t] + 3a~

= (o+l3) 2-2ol3013+2[ 10+ 113]+3al3 (a+~) 2

- 2 a~ + 2 [.l + .l] + 3a~
a~ a ~

By substituting the values of sum and product of the zeroes, we will get

013+2[ 10+ 113]+3al3..!!. + 2 [.l + .l] + 3a~ =8

~ a ~

Q.13: If the squared difference of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f (x)=x2+px+45
f (x) = x 2 + px + 45 is equal to 144, find the value of p.

Solution:

Let the two zeroes of the polynomial be aandl3a and~ .

We have,

f (x)=x2+px+45f (x) = x 2 + px + 45
Now,

Sum of the zeroes= a+l3a + ~ =-p

Product of the zeroes = axl3a x ~ = 45

So,

(a+l3)2-4al3=144(a+ ~) 2-4a~ = 144 (p)2-4x45=144(p) 2-4 x 45 = 144 (p)2=144+180

(p) 2 = 144 + 180 (p)2=324(p) 2 = 324 p=✓324p = ✓ 324 p=±18p = ±18
Thus, in the given equation, p will be either 18 or-18.

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Q.14: If aandf3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=x 2-px+q
2 p2 4 4 2
f(x) = x 2-px + q ,
prove that a 2 132 +132a 2 =p4 q2 -4p 2q+2~
p2
+ -a2 = £..__
q2
l q
+2 .

Solution:

Since, aandJ3a and ~ are the roots of the quadratic polynomial given in the question.

f(x)=x 2-px+qf(x) = x 2-px + q

Now,

Sum of the zeroes= p = a+J3a + ~

Product of the zeroes= q = axJ3a x ~

2
2 [(a+p) 2-2ap] -2(ap) 2
2 2
= [(a+l3) -2al3) -2(al3) (al3) 2 2
(aP)
2
2 [(p)2-2q] -2(q)2
= [(p/-2q] -2(q)2(q)2 - - - - -
(q)2

p2 4p2
= p2q2+2-4p2q-
q2
+ 2- - q
2 4 2
= p2q2-4p2q+2.E...- ....£....
q2 q
+2

LHS = RHS

Hence, proved.

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Q.15: If aandf3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=x 2-p(x+1 )-c
f(x) =x 2-p(x+ 1)-c , showthat(a+1)(f3+1)=1-c(a+ l)(~+ 1) = 1-c .

Solution:

Since, aandJ3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial

f(x)=x 2-p(x+1 )-cf(x) = x 2-p(x + 1)-c

Now,

Sum of the zeroes= a+J3a + ~ = p

Product of the zeroes= axJ3a x ~ = (- p - c)

So,

(a+1 )(J3+1 )(a+ 1) (~ + 1)

= aJ3+a+J3+1 a~+ a+~+ 1

= aJ3+(a+J3)+1 a~+ (a+~)+ 1

= (-p-c)+p+1 (-p--c) + p + 1
= 1 -c = RHS

So, LHS = RHS

Hence, proved.

Q.16: If aandf3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial such that a+f3=24anda-
f3=8a + ~ = 24 and a-~ = 8 , find a quadratic polynomial having aandf3a and ~ as its
zeroes.

Solution:

We have,

a+J3=24a + ~ = 24 ............ E-1

a-J3=8a- ~ = 8 ............ .E-2

By solving the above two equations accordingly, we will get

2a=322a = 32 a=16a = 16

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Substitute the value of aa, in any of the equation. Let we substitute it in E-2, we will get

13=16-8~ = 16-8 13=8~ = 8

Now,

Sum of the zeroes of the new polynomial = a+l3a + ~ = 16 + 8 = 24

Product of the zeroes= al3a~ = 16x816 x 8 = 128

Then, the quadratic polynomial is-

K x2-( sumofthezeroes )x+(productofthezeroes)

x 2-(sum of the zeroes)x + (product of the zeroes) = x 2-24x+128x 2-24x + 128

Hence, the required quadratic polynomial is f(x)=x2+24x+128f(x) = x 2 + 24x + 128

Q.17: If aandl3a and~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=x 2-1f(x) = x 2- 1 ,
find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 2ap and 2pa 2; and 2 !.

Solution:

We have,

f(x)=x 2-1 f (x) = x 2- 1

Sum of the zeroes= a+l3a + ~ = 0

Product of the zeroes = al3a~ = -1

From the question,

Sum of the zeroes of the new polynomial = 2013 and 2130 2; and !
2

2a2+2A2
= 2a2 +2132al3 ----=-'"'-
a~

2(a2+~2)
= 2(a2 +J32) a l 3 - - -
a~

2((a+~) 2-2a~)
= 2((a+J3}2-2al3)al3 - - - - -
a~

= 2(2)1-1 2~2 ;1 {By substituting the value of the sum and products of the zeroes}
As given in the question,

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Product of the zeroes = (2o)(2l3)ol3 (2a~~~) = 4013013 4:g =4

Hence, the quadratic polynomial is

x2-( sumofthezeroes )x+(productofthezeroes)

x 2-(sum of the zeroes)x + (product of the zeroes)

=kX2-(-4)x+4x 2-(-4)x + 4 =x2 +4x+4x 2 + 4x + 4

Hence, the required quadratic polynomial is f(x)=x2 +4x+4f (x) = x 2 + 4x + 4

Q.18: If aandl3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=x 2-3x-2
f(x) = x 2-3x-2 , find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 12a+pand12p+a
1 d 1
2a+~ an 2~+a ·

Solution:

We have,

f(x)=x 2-3x-2f(x) = x 2-3x-2

Sum of the zeroes= a+f3a + ~ = 3

Product of the zeroes = af3a~ = -2

From the question,

Sum of the zeroes of the new polynomial = 120+13 + 1213+0 - 1 -

2a+~
+ -2~+a
1-

2~+a+2a+~
= 2l3+0+2o+l3(2o+l3)(2l3+0) (2a+~)(2 ~+a)

3a+3~
= 3o+3132(02+132)+Sol3 -2(-a-2+-~-2)_+_5a-~-

= 3x32[2(o+l3)2-2ol3+5x(-2)] 3x 3
2[2(a+~) 2-2a~+5x(-2)]

= 92[9-(-4))-10 2[9-{~)]-10

= 92[13)-10 2[1ii-10

= 926-10 2i10 = 916 196

Product of the zeroes = 120+13 x 1213+0 2 a!~ x 2 ~!a
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= 1(2a+j3)(2j3+a) (2o.+~)(~~+o.)

= 14aj3+2a2+2J3 2+aj3 1 2
4o.~+2o. 2 +2~ +o.~

= 15aj3+2((a+j3)2-2aj3) 1
5o.~+2((o.+~) 2-20.~)

= 1Sx(-2)+2((3)2-2x(-2)) 1
5x(-2)+2((3) 2-2x(-2))

= 1-10+26 -10~26 = 116 1~

So, the quadratic polynomial is,

x2-( sumofthezeroes )x+(productofthezeroes)

x 2- (sum of the zeroes) x + (product of the zeroes)

= k (x2 + 916X+ 116 )(x 2 + {6 X + 1~)

Hence, the required quadratic polynomial is k (x2 + 916X+ 116 )(x 2 + i6 x + 1~)

Q.19: If aandl3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=x 2+px+q
f (x) = x 2 + px + q , form a polynomial whose zeroes are (a+l3) 2and(a-l3) 2
(a + ~) 2 and (a- ~) 2 •

Solution:

We have,

f (x)=x2 +px+qf (x) = x 2 + px + q

Sum of the zeroes= a+f3a + ~ = -p

Product of the zeroes = af3a~ = q

From the question,

. A2 A2 2 2
Sum of the zeroes of new polynomial = ( a+t-') +( a-t-') (a+ ~) + (a-~)

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= (a+J3)2+(a+J3}2-2aJ3-2aJ3(a + ~) 2 +(a+~) 2 -2a~2a~

= (-p)2+(-p}2-2xq-2xq(-p) 2 + (-p) 2-2 x q-2 x q

= p2+p2-4qp2 + p2-4q

= 2p 2-4q2p 2-4q

Product of the zeroes of new polynomial = ( a+J3 )2 (a-J3 }2(a+ ~) 2(a-~) 2

= (-p)2((-p)2-4q)(-p) 2 ((-p) 2_4q)

So, the quadratic polynomial is ,

x2-( sumofthezeroes )x+(productofthezeroes)

x 2-(sum of the zeroes)x + (product of the zeroes)

= x2-(2p2-4q)x+p2(p2-4q)x2-(2p2-4q) x + p2 (p2-4q)

Hence, the required quadratic polynomial is f(x)=k(x 2-(2p2-4q)x+p2(p2-4q))

f(x) = k(x 2-(2p 2-4q)x + p2 (p 2-4q))

Q.20: If aandl3a and ~ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=x 2-2x+3
f (x) = x 2- 2x + 3 , find a polynomial whose roots are:

(i) a+2,13+2a + 2, ~ + 2

( "") a-1 13--1

II a-1 a+1 , 13-1 f3+1 a+l , ~+1 •

Solution:

We have,

f(x)=x 2-2x+3f (x) = x 2- 2x + 3

Sum of the zeroes= a+J3a + ~ = 2

Product of the zeroes = aJ3a~ = 3

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