Republic of the Philippines

GLAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Municipality of Glan, Province of Sarangani
9517 Philippines
[email protected]

Crop Science 1-Laboratory Exercise #1

CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF
AGRICULTURAL CROPS

INTRODUCTION

All crops fall under specific group and are named accordingly based on several criteria including
morphology and phylogeny. The system of naming things and the rules that govern these naming are
termed nomenclature. In agricultural sciences, nomenclature falls under Taxonomy which is the study of
classification (ordering things in taxa) and its principles, procedures and rules. Identification which
precedes classification involves matching the organism to a specific taxon based on its characteristics.
The publications of Species Plantarum and SystemaNaturae in the years 1753 and 1758,
respectively, resulted to the rapid adoption of the Linnaeus’ system of Binomial nomenclature where
each organism is assigned a scientific name written with its genus and species, e.g. rice = Oryza sativa
where Oryza is the genus and sativa is the species. The scientific name is also written in italics or each
word underlined as follows: Oryza sativa or Oryzasativa. The first botanical code was produced in the
year 1905 and updated on a regular basis based on international consensus.
Therefore, as a crop scientist, it is of great importance that you know crops not only based on
their classifications, local names and common names, but most especially, their scientific names.
Knowing this information enables one to properly identify, characterize and describe crops, not only
for his knowledge but also for others such as international people and colleagues. Local names are
useful in communicating with farmers, the laymen and non-scientific people, while, common and
scientific names are useful in communicating with the scientific community.

OBJECTIVES

At the end of this exercise, the students should be able to:

1. classify crops based on their respective classifications,
2. identify crops by their local and common names, and
3. know the scientific names of agricultural crops.

METHODOLOGY

With reference to the list below, indicate the local name and scientific name of each crop in the
list. Then, select 2 crops per classification that you will draw or take picture of. When taking picture,
make sure you have a ruler or a coin to show the scale of the specimen. Downloaded pictures are not
acceptable.

EXPECTED OUTPUT
Place in the notebook. Do not forget to indicate the Laboratory Exercise you are working at.
1. Local and scientific names of all crops in the list; and. You may use this table:
COMMON NAMES LOCAL NAMES SCIENTIFIC NAMES
Ex. Rice Palay, Humay Oryza Sativa

List of Agricultural Crops

A. Cereal or Grain Crops B. Grain Legumes or Pulses C. Root and Tuber Crops

Common Name 1. Common pea 1. Arrow root

1. Rice 2. Cowpea 2. Cassava, Tapioca

2. Corn 3.Hyacinth bean 3. Elephant’s ear

3. Millet 4. Kidney Bean, Snap Bean 4. Gabi, Taro

4. Sorghum 5. Lima bean 5. Sweet potato

5. Wheat 6. Mungbean 6. White potato, Irish potato

F. Industrial Crops 7. Peanut 7. Yam

1. Castor bean 8. Pigeon pea 8. Yam bean

2. Physic nut 9. Soybean 9. Yacon

3. Sugarcane 10. Tugue

4. Tobacco

D. Fiber Crops E. Pasture and Forage Crops F. Improved Legume Pasture

Crops
1. Abaca, Manila hemp 1. Carabao grass
1. Calopo
2. Cotton 2. Guinea grass
2. Centro
3. Cotton tree 3. Kennedy ruzi
3. Ipil-ipil
4. Jute 4. Napier grass
4. Kudzu
5. Kenaf 5. Pangola grass
6. Maguey, Sisal hemp 6. Para grass 5. Siratro

7. Ramie 7. Signal grass 6. Stylo

8. Screw pine 8. Stargrass 7. Townsville stylo

G. Flowering Ornamental H. Olericultural or Vegetable

Crops
1. African violet 16. Malabar nightshade
1. Asparagus
2. Anthurium, Flamingo flower 17. Muskmelon
2. Bell pepper, sweet pepper
3. Chrysanthemum 18. Mustard
3. Bitter gourd
4. Crown of Thorns 19. Okra, Gumbo, Lady finger
4. Bottle gourd
5. Gladiolus 20. Onion
5. Bush sitao
6. Orchids 21. Pechay
6. Cabbage
7. Rose 22. Pole sitao
7. Carrot
8. Rose of China 23. Raddish
8. Chile pepper, Hot pepper
local name: Gumamela 24. Squash
9. Cucumber
9. Sampaguita 25. Tomato
10. Eggplant
10. Santan 26. Turmeric plant
11. Garlic
11. Temple flower, Graveyard 27. Watermelon
flower, Kalachuchi 12. Ginger
28. Water cabbage
I. Plantation Crops 13. Horse raddish
29. Winged bean, Asparagus
1. Cacao 14. Lettuce bean

2. Coconut 15. Luffa, Sponge gourd 30. Kamote-kamote

3. Coffe

4. Rubber tree

5. Sugarcane

J. Pomological or Fruit Crops 24. Black sapote, Black 48. Saba

1. Acerola, Barbados cherry, persimmon 49. Naseberry, Sapodilla,

West Indian cherry 25. Velvet apple 50. Passion fruit,

2. Alligator Pear, Guaca mole 26. Durian Granadilla

3. Apple 27. Grape 51. Giant granadilla

4. Custard apple 28. Guava 52. Pilinut

5. Soursop 29. Indian jujube 53. Pineapple

6. Sugar apple 30. Jamaica cherry, Capulin 54. Pomegranate

7. Breadfruit 31. Langsat 55. Rambutan

8. Breadnut 32. Lychee 56. Spanish joint fir, Melinjo

9. Jackfruit 33. Alupag 57. Santol, Kechapi, Sentol

10. Marang 34. Longan Spondias spp.

11. Australian bush nut, 35. Paho 58. Ambarella, Great hog plum,
Otaheite apple
12. Cucumber tree. Bilimbi 36. Mango
59. Red mombin, Spanish
13. Starfruit, Carambola 37. Binjai
plum
14. Bangkiling 38. Kuwini
60. Star apple
15. Canistel, Egg-fruit, Yellow 39. Mangosteen
Syzygium spp.
sapote 40. Melon tree, Pawpaw
61. Bell fruit, Water apple
16. Cashew 41. Musa Autopolyploid forms
(AA, AAA and AAAA) 62. Jambolan, Black plum
17. Chinese laurel, Salamander
42. Musa Hybrid forms (AB, 63. Roseapple, Malabar
Tree AAB, ABB and ABBB)
plum
18. Inyam 43. Lakatan
64. Malay apple, Pomerac
19. Lime, Sour lime, Common 44. Dwarf Cavendish
lime 65. Wax jambu, Java
45. Giant Cavendish
20. Mandarin apple
46. Latundan
21. Pomelo, Pummelo 66. Tamarind
47. Katali
22. Sweet orange

23. China orange,

Golden lime
K. Spices and Condiments R. Foliage Ornamental

1. Black pepper 1. Begonia local name: Balete

2. Pandan 2. Caladium, Corazon de Maria Indian Rubber tree

3. Sweet basil, Balanoy, Sangig 3. Croton, San Fransisco local name: Niog-niogan

4. Tabon-tabon, Bagaolan 4. Coleus, Mayana 10. Gout plant

5. Vanilla 5. Dumbcane, Bakia local name: Ginseng

L. Sugar-producing plants 6. Duranta, Duranta 11. Kamuning

1. Paraguayan grass 7. Dracaena local name: Kamuning

2. Sugar beet Belgian evergreen 12. Palms

M. Dye and Tannin-Producing Fortune plant Macarthur palm

Plants
Spotted leaf or Gold-dust Manila palm, Christmas palm
1. Anatto, Achuete dracaena
local name: BungangTsina
2. Bakawan, Bakhaw Tricolor
Royal palm
3. Bancudo, Nino, Lino 8. Ferns
Ruffled Fan palm
4. Binonga Birdsnest fern
local name: Anahaw
5. Indian almond, Talisay local name: Pakpaklawin
Yellow palm
6. Pototan, Busain, Bakawan Boston fern
13. Poinsettia,
N. Vegetable Oil and Fat – Fishtail fern
Producing plants December plant
Giant staghorn fern
14. Song of Jamaica
1. Paraguayan grass
local name: Capa de Leon
2. Sesame, Linga, Lunga 15. Song of India
9. Fig, Strangler fig, Ficus
16. Traveller’s tree, Traveller’s
O. Rubber-Producing Plants
local name: Balete palm
1. Guayule
Benjamin fig

P. Medicinal Plants local name: Tanglad 8. Bolo, Botong

1. Acapulco, Sunting* 4. Patchouli 9. Buho, Bagakay

2. Ampalaya* 5. Vetiver grass 10. Machiku

3. Bawang, Garlic, Ahos* T. Forest Tress M. Biocidal Plants

4. Bayabas, Guava* 1. Bagras 1. Chrysanthemum

5. Lagundi* 2. Banlag 2. Garlic, Bawang, Ahos

6. Niog-niogan* 3. Falcata 3. Loncho carpus spp.

7. Sambong* 4. Gubas 4. Makabuhay, Paniauan,

8. Tsaanggubat* 5. Kaatoanbangkal 5. Manunggal

9. Ulasimangbato, Pansit- 6. Mahogany 6. Neem tree

pansitan*
7. Madre de cacao, Kakawate 7. Tobacco
10. Yerba buena*
8. Molave, Molauin, Tugas 8. Tubli
11. Banaba
9. Neem Q. Toddy and Sugar-Producing
12. Makabuhay, Paniauan, Plants
Manunggal 10. Yemane, Gmelina
1. African oil palm
U. Agroforest Crops
13. Takip-kuhol
2. Anahaw
14. Pansit-pansitan 1. Kawayantinik, Kawayantotoo
3. Betel nut palm
2. Kawayankiling
15. Ginseng
4. Buri, Buli
S. Aromatic or Essential Oil- 3. KawayanTsina,
5. Coconut
Producing Plants Yellow bamboo
1. Citronella 6. Kaong
4. Buddha’s belly
7. Nipa
local name: Salay 5. Hedge bamboo
2. Ilang-ilang V. Fiber Crops
6. Giant bamboo
3. Lemon grass localname:Apos 1. Abaca

7. Bayog 2.
Cotton

3. Pineapple

3 TYPES of WEEDS

1. Grasses
 2. Broadleaf
3. Sedges

GRASSES
1. Barnyard grass
2. Jungle Rice
3. Sprangle Top
4. Knot grass
5. Bermuda grass
6. Large crabgrass
7. Crowfoot grass
8. Itch grass
9. Southern sandbur
10. Cogon
11. Dallis grass

BROADLEAF

1.Goose weed

2.Pickerel weed

3.Water lettuce

4.Water purslane

5.Three-lobe morning glory

6.Common purslane

7.Tropical ageratum

8.Spiny Amaranth/spiny
pigweed

9. Dayflower

10.Garden spurge

11. Sensitive plant

12. Spindle top

13. Indian heliotrope

14. Celosia
15.False Daisy/Eclipta

16. Synedrella

17.Horse purselane

18. Beggar sticks

19. Lantana

20. Slender Amaranth

21. Spreading day flower

22. Little Iron weed

23. Tridax

24. Jute

25. Chick weed

26. Fire weed

27. Water cress

28. Virginia Button weed

SEDGES

1. Small flower umbrella plant

2.Rice flatsedge

3. Fimbristylis

4.Bulrush

5.Purple nutsedge/nutgrass

6.Yellow nutsedge

7.Cyperus tegetiformis

8.Cyperus lupulinus