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Biochemical Monitoring of Athletes Part 2

This document discusses biochemical monitoring of athletes during sports training. It outlines several markers that can be analyzed, including muscle damage markers like creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and myoglobin. It also discusses metabolic markers like glucose, lipid profiles, and kidney/liver function tests. Additional markers covered are bone health indicators, hormonal levels, inflammatory markers, nutritional status, and others. Regular monitoring of these biomarkers can help with prevention, early diagnosis and prognosis of conditions in athletes like overtraining, muscle damage, inflammation and more.

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Prem Anand
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65 views24 pages

Biochemical Monitoring of Athletes Part 2

This document discusses biochemical monitoring of athletes during sports training. It outlines several markers that can be analyzed, including muscle damage markers like creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and myoglobin. It also discusses metabolic markers like glucose, lipid profiles, and kidney/liver function tests. Additional markers covered are bone health indicators, hormonal levels, inflammatory markers, nutritional status, and others. Regular monitoring of these biomarkers can help with prevention, early diagnosis and prognosis of conditions in athletes like overtraining, muscle damage, inflammation and more.

Uploaded by

Prem Anand
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Biochemical monitoring of athletes

during sports training

Usha Sri Kaniganti


Scientific Officer (Biochemistry)
Sports Authority of India
NSSC, Bengaluru
email: [email protected]

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti (SO 1


Biochemistry)
MUSCLE DAMAGE MARKERS

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 30


Muscle damage Markers

 Serum Enzymes
 Creatine Kinase
 Lactate Dehydrogenase
 Myoglobin
 Myosin Heavy chain
fragments (MHC)

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 31


Muscle Enzymes

 Serum Enzymes
 Creatine Kinase
 Lactate Dehydrogenase

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 32


Creatine Phosphokinase

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 33


Lactate Dehydrogenase

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 34


Myoglobin

Myoglobinuria

Myoglobin levels above


85ng/ml can be seen in
rhabdomyolysis, muscle
inflammation and muscular
dystrophy.

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 35


Is a structurally Increase in plasma
bound contractile MHC indicates both
protein of thick membrane leakage
filaments. and degradation of
contractile
apparatus.

MHC levels increases The measurement of


48 hrs after post myosin heavy-chain
exercise. fragments was
useful in the
diagnosis of
previous
rhabdomyolysis up
to 12 days Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti (SO
Biochemistry) 36
Bone Health Markers

 Calcium
 Phosphate
 Vitamin D

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 37


Metabolic markers

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 38


Metabolic markers

 Glucose
 Lipid Profile
 Blood Urea Nitrogen
 Creatinine
 Protein
 Amino acids etc.

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 39


Energy
metabolism

 Glucose:
 Primary energy source

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry)


Hypoglycemia

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 41


Reactive hypoglycemia

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 42


Lipid Profile

 Triglycerides
 Total cholesterol
 High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C)
 Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C)
 Very Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (VLDL-C)

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 43


Kidney Functions Tests

 Urea
 Blood Urea Nitrogen
(BUN)
 Uric Acid
 Creatinine

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 44


Hormonal Markers

 Cortisol
 Testosterone
 T/C Ratio

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 45


Hormones

 Cortisol- catabolic
hormone
 Testosterone- anabolic
hormone
 Testosterone / Cortisol Recovery Training
Ratio

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 46


Inflammatory Markers

 Inflammation is a part of
your body’s immune
response.

 C- reactive protein (CRP)


 White blood cells
 Cytokines

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 47


White blood cells

 WBC normal range :


4,500 to 11,000 /microliter

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 48


hs-CRP

 CRP is a general marker for


inflammation and infection,
moreover, increased high-
sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP)
values reflect a low-grade
systemic inflammation
 Exercise-induced muscle
damage and airway
inflammation can induce an
elevation of hs-CRP

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 49


Nutritional
and health
status

Dehydration Oxygen
and carrying
inflammation capacity

Overtraining Bone and


Muscle
and /recovery
health
Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 50
Biochemistry in Sports

 Helpful for Prevention, Early


diagnosis and Prognosis of
 Overtraining
 Anemia
 Muscle damage
 Dehydration
 Inflammation
 Other disorders in athletes.

Mrs. Usha Sri Kaniganti(SO Biochemistry) 51


Thankyou
Usha Sri Kaniganti
SO (Biochemistry)
Sports Authority of India
NSSC, Bangalore
[email protected]

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