A Detailed Lesson Plan in SCIENCE 8

Content Standards: The learners demonstrate an understanding of some properties

and characteristics of visible light.

Performance Standards: The learners shall be able to discuss phenomena such as blue
sky, rainbow, and red sunset using the concept of wavelength and frequency of
visible light.

Learning Competency: Demonstrate the existence of the color components of visible

light using a prism or diffraction grating

I. Specific Objectives:

At the end of 60 minutes discussion, the learners should be able to:

 determine the color components of visible light using the phet laboratory
simulation
 distinguish the hierarchy of colors of light based on their energy,
frequency, and wavelength
 appreciate the beauty of light by explaining its importance

II. Subject Matter

A. Topic: Colors of Light
B. Materials: Phet Laboratory Simulation, Laptop, Paper, and Pen
C. References: Exploring Life Through Science Second Edition: The New Grade 8|
Ma. Josefina Ferriols- Pavico [four others]; John Donnie A. Ramos, author-
coordinator
D. Values: Compassion, Kindness, and Courageous

III. Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

A. Preliminaries

Good morning, Class! Good morning, ma’am!

Kindly turn on your cameras so that we

can start.
(Students turned on their cameras)

Thank you for turning on your cameras!

Permission to record our class today

and allow me to share my screen.

Can you see my power point

presentation?

Yes ma’am
May I request Bea to lead our opening
prayer.

Bea: Are you ready to pray

classmates? (In the name of the
Father….)
 Again, good morning, Everyone!
Good morning, ma’am!

Let me check the attendance before

we start with our class discussion.

Very good class we have no absentees

today.

Before we start, here are a few

reminders that you need to keep in
mind throughout the discussion.

 Always turn on your camera

 Put your microphone on mute
unless you are asked to
unmute it.
 Use the chat box to pose
relevant comments or
questions.
 Focus on the discussion and
refrain from using social
media while the teacher
discusses.
 Take note important ideas
B. Elicit
During our meeting, we have discussed
energy and its different forms.

What is energy and why it is important?

Lany: Energy is defined as the
ability to do work. It is very
important in life because without
energy we would not be able to
do specific tasks.

Very good, Lany! Any other answers?

Kian: Energy is essential in our daily
lives because it is a basic human
need. We use energy for electricity,
transportation, communication, in
agriculture and in other aspects of
life. In our human body, energy fuels
our body’s internal functions to
attain homeostasis.
 Very well said, Kian!

In conclusion, without energy, there

would be no living organisms. Since the
sun is the Earth’s primary source of
energy, without the sun, photosynthesis
will not take place and the
temperature of the earth will drop to
a negative degree Celsius. Therefore,
living organisms will not be able to
survive because they have no source
of energy and because of the
temperature. That is why energy is
very essential in our lives and we
need to know how to conserve it.

As a student, how will you conserve

energy?

James: As a student, I can conserve

energy by turning off and
unplugging the appliances such as
electric fan, lights and television that
are not in used.

Isa: If my destination nearby, I will

just walk instead of riding a
jeepney.

Ana: I will tell my mom to use

eco- bags instead of plastic when
she’s grocery shopping.

Franco: To conserve energy, we

should know and apply the 5 R's,
which are: Refuse, Reduce, Reuse,
Repurpose, and Recycle.

Very good, class! Your answers are all

correct.

C. Engage
Let us now move on to our new
lesson. Kindly click the link I posted on
the chat box or simply scan this QR
Code to access the laboratory
simulation. (The students accessed the link)
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/b
ending-light/latest/bending-
light_en.html
Okay, my dear students if you are
already on the page, kindly click
“prisms". The objective of this activity is
to observe the different colors of white
light.

Listen carefully to my instructions, okay?

Yes ma’am

After opening the simulation, you will

see different environment to be on the
upper right side of the simulator, below
it, are the two lasers and a flashlight
emitting white light, on the bottom of
the simulator are the shapes of the
medium and the objects.

Here are the steps:

1. Click the flashlight and drag it to the
left side of the screen. Choose air as
the environment, and glass as the
object.
2. Drag the prisms and make the
necessary adjustment in
positioning these beside the
flashlight. You can also adjust the
(The students followed the steps and
position of the flashlight until you
did the activity)
observe a clear view of the
different colors of light on the
screen.
3. Observe the color components
of white light
4. Write the color components of white
light.

Are you done?

All: Yes, ma’am

Have you seen the color components

of visible light?
All: Yes, ma’am!

What happens to the white light as it

passes through the prism?
Cheska: The white light separated
into different colors.

Very good observation, Cheska!

Who can enumerate the colors of
white light?
Yes, Migs?

Migs: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green,

Blue, Indigo and Violet.

Very good, Migs!

Okay class, the next thing that you

need to do is to change the prism to
a square or glass slab.

Does white light separate into different

colors?

All: No

What do you think is the reason why

white light didn’t separate into different
colors when you used the glass slab?

Bea: Because of the geometric

design of the glass slab.

Very good, Bea! Because of its

geometric design, white light did not
separate into different colors in a glass
slab. You have learned in your math
class that a square has parallel sides
and lacks an inclined refracting
surface, right?

All: Yes ma’am

So, that is the main reason why

dispersion did not take place on a glass
slab. Unlike in a prism, which has an
inclined refracting surface since the
sides are not parallel to each other.

When white light passes through a

prism, it will break up into its constituent
spectral colors (ROYGBIV) separating
individual wavelengths. This separation
of light using the prism is what you call
dispersion, where red, orange,
yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet
colors are produced. Each color of
light has distinct range of
wavelengths and frequencies. Since
they exist in different frequencies,
they bend in different angles upon
passing through a prism. A prism is a
transparent optical element
with flat and polished surfaces that
disperses light.
D. Explore

For your second activity, kindly click

the link I posted on the chat box or
simply scan this QR Code to access
the laboratory simulation.
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/c
olor-vision/latest/color-vision_en.html

Steps:
1. Open the Phet simulation in color
vision and click “RGB Bulbs”.
2. On the right side, you can see three
flashlights with distinct colors (red,
green, and blue).
3. Turn on the red and green
flashlights. Observe the color that (The students followed the steps and
is being transmitted in the brain. did the activity)
Turn off both flashlights.
4. Turn on the red and blue and
flashlights. Observe the color that
is being transmitted in the brain.
Turn off both flashlights.
5. Turn on the green and blue and
flashlights. Observe the color that
is being transmitted in the brain.
Turn off both flashlights.
6. Turn on green, red, and blue
flashlights. Observe the color that
is being transmitted in the brain.
Turn off both flashlights.

Guide Questions:
1. What color is formed when red
is combined with green?
Cian: Yellow

2. What color is formed when red

is combined with blue?

Maria: Magenta

3. What color is formed when green is

combined with blue?

Isa: Cyan

4. What color is formed when green,

red, and blue are combined?
 Jean: White

5. What color is being reflected or

perceived by the brain when you
click blue flashlight?
Cian: Blue

Very good class! You are all very good

observers!

If you combine all the wavelengths of

visible light, white light is produced. If
white is the combination of all the
wavelengths of the visible light
spectrum, black on the other hand is
the absence of these wavelengths.

E. Explain

Kindly sit properly and focus your

attention to your screen. Can you see
my PowerPoint presentation?

All: Yes ma’am

What comes into your mind when you

hear the word, Light?

(Answers of students may vary)

Very good!

Light is a form of energy that travels

from one place to another. Like
sound waves and ocean waves, light
is also a kind of wave. However, light
don’t need medium such as air or
water to travel. They can move even
in empty space.
Our eyes are sensitive to a certain
kind of light called visible light. Visible
light is all the colors (red, yellow, blue,
etc.) that we can see. But there are
many other kinds of light that we
cannot see. Radio waves are really the
same as light. A radio is sensitive to this
kind of light and turns it into music that
you can hear. X-rays are also a kind of
light.
Doctors use a special kind of film to see
x-rays when they shine through your
body. Some animals, like bees can
see ultraviolet light. This is the kind of
light that comes from a black light
and the light that causes sunburn when
you stay
outside too long. All these regions of
light can be seen in the
electromagnetic spectrum.

Why can we only see a small portion of

these EM waves?

Our retina has specialized light

detectors called rods and cones. The
cones only detect certain
wavelengths of light, and we have 3
types of cones. These cones convert
light into electrochemical impulses
through a process called
transduction, and these
electrochemical impulses travel to
our brain's visual cortex via the optic
nerve. The optic nerve consists of
millions of individual nerves, and each
cone and rod sends an individual
message to the visual cortex. Here, our
brain assembles an image based on
where the light struck the retina. We
see this mind- generated image.

As the visible light passes through a

prism, it will disperse or separate into
different colors, each of which has a
corresponding amount of wavelength,
frequency, and energy.

From your previous activity, which color

flexes/bends the least?

Abby: Red, ma’am

Very good, Abby! Red flexes/bends the

least among all the color components
of light. Which means that red has the
longest wavelength.

How about the color that has

the shortest wavelength?
Mia: Violet because it bends/flexes
the most.
Very good, violet has the shortest
wavelength among the other color
components of visible light.

I have here a diagram showing the

amount of energy, frequency, and
wavelength of each color component
of visible light.

Based on the diagram being

presented, what happens to the
energy when the wavelength
becomes longer?
Din: The frequency decreases.

That is correct, Din! When the

wavelength becomes longer or when
its size increases, the frequency
decreases. Meaning to say, they have
an indirect or inverse relationship,

How about the relationship of energy

and frequency?

Patrick: They have a direct

relationship

Why do you say so?

Patrick: Because as the energy

increases, the frequency also
increases,

Precisely! Thank you for you answer

Patrick!

Light can be reflected and absorbed.

If we see something as blue, this means

that blue was the only color that was
reflected, and the others were
absorbed.
 If we see something as red, this means
that red was the only color that was
reflected, and the others were
absorbed.

If we see something as white, this

means that all colors are being
reflected.

If we see something as black, this

means that it did not reflect back any
of the colors of light, or all colors are
absorbed.

F. Application

Click the link or scan the QR Code to

access the video entitled
“Some Natural Phenomena due to Sun
light” https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=c NhqeRV_vt8&t=22s

Why is the sky blue?

Cian: The blue color of the sky is due

to the scattering of shorter
wavelength of light as it passes
through the colloidal particles in the
atmosphere.
Why clouds are white?

James: When white light passes

through these tiny droplets of water,
the white light scatters all colors and
when these different wavelengths of
light mix together, white color is
produced.

Why are sunsets red?

Mia: During sunset, the sunlight

coming from the sun travels in a
greater distance in the atmosphere,
causing the light to pass through
more particles, which makes the
light with shorter wavelength to
scatter more, and the light with
longer wavelength reaches to our
eyes
 How are rainbows formed?
Ana: When the white light and the
water droplets from the atmosphere
interact together, rainbows can be
seen on the sky. Rainbows are
formed when light passes through
the water droplets in the
atmosphere separating the white
light into its constituent colors.

Social Integration:
How can you be a rainbow to others?
Lesson Across Discipline:
Why did God create the light first? What is the
Importance of light?
Values Integration: (Answers of students may vary)
When you are in the darkest part of your
life, how do you see the light or the brighter
side of life?

Generalization

Let us have a short activity entitled “SKL or

Share Ko Lang”. I will flash different pictures,
and you need to give a short description of
information related to the picture.

Ana: Prism is used to separate white

light into different colors.

Jean: Red has the longest

wavelength but has the lowest
frequency and energy.

Maria: Violet has the shortest

wavelength but has the highest
frequency and energy.

Patrick: Light is a form of energy,

and it has different kinds that can be
found in the electromagnetic
spectrum.

Mia: Energy and wavelength have

an indirect relationship. However,
energy and frequency have a direct
relationship.

Din: White light is produced when all

colors are reflected. On the other
hand, black is produced when all
colors are absorbed.

Abby: Rainbows are formed when

light passes through the water
droplets in the atmosphere
separating the white light into its
constituent colors
 Isa: The sunlight coming from the sun
travels in a greater distance in the
atmosphere during sunset, causing
the light to pass through more
particles, which makes the light with
shorter wavelength to scatter more,
and the light with longer
wavelength reaches to our eyes.

IV. Evaluate
Two- tier- True or False. Directions. Read and analyze each statement. If the
sentence is correct, write True, if not, write False, then explain why.

Statement True or False Brief Explanation

1. When primary colors
are combined, white
light is
produced.
2. Light waves need a medium
for it to travel.
3. When light passes through a
triangular prism, it separates
into the color of a rainbow.
4. The wavelength of visible
light is directly proportional
to the frequency.
5. Red is the most bent which
scatters the least by the
particles, while violet is the
least bent which scatters the
most by the particles.

V. Extend

1. Identify a real-life situation in our everyday life where the concept of visible light
is utilized.

2. How critical is visible light for life on Earth?

3. How can visible light be useful in communication?