MODULE 1

GE 2: READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

This study source was downloaded by 100000871216154 from CourseHero.com on 09-06-2023 20:53:33 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/96102100/MODULE-1docx/
 RPH INTRODUCTION TO
HISTORY

OBJECTIVES

 Assess student’s prior knowledge.

 Explain history as an academic discourse.
 Determine the meaning, importance and
relevance of history.

OVERVIEW
 This episode is intended to enlighten everyone
about the nature of the course, and its scopes.
This gives chances to the student of the course to
be assess with regard to their prior knowledge
related to the course.

CONTENT
 Course Description
 Meaning and Importance of History

RESOURCES

REFERENCES (Refer to the syllabus for detailed

information.)
 B, G, F.F, S.S, U.U, C.C.C, F.F.F, G.G.G

BOOKS
 Ariola, Mariano M. (2018). Readings in Philippine
History, Cabildo St., Intramuros, Manila. Unlimited
Books Library Services & Publishing Inc.
 Rosales, Amilia C. (2020). Understanding
Philippine History: Readings and Discourse.
Cubao, Quezon City, Metro Manila. Lorimar
Publishing Inc.

This study source was downloaded by 100000871216154 from CourseHero.com on 09-06-2023 20:53:33 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/96102100/MODULE-1docx/
 DESCRIPTION

This course critically analyzes Philippine history from multiple perspectives through
the lens of selected primary sources. Priority will be given to primary sources that
describe the important turning points in Philippine history from prehistoric times up
to the contemporary period and articulate various perspectives.
The approach, though historical, will deal with interdisciplinary subjects so as to
broaden and deepen the student’s understanding of Philippine political, economic,
social and cultural history and equip the learner with the competencies necessary
to analyze and evaluate different types of information: print, visual and audio-
visual, and quantitative. The end goal is to develop the historical and critical
consciousness of the students so that they will become versatile, broad-minded,
morally upright and responsible citizens

ACTIVITY 1

“Before we start or discussion, let’s get to know each other first.”

Direction: Write a brief narrative telling something about yourself. Here are some
guide questions you could follow in making your short narrative. (Note: for BEEd 1
with UTS subject, kindly skip this part.)
1. What are your likes & dislikes?
2. Why did you choose to enroll in this school?
3. What are some fun or not so fun story about yourself you could share in the
class?
4. What are your expectations about the course?

RELEVANCE OF STUDYING PHILIPPINE HISTORY

Some students often asked the

question: What is the use or relevance
of studying Philippine History? Why are
we concerned about what happened
long time ago? The answer is that
“history is inescapable” according to
Penelope J. Carfield. The saying “all
people are living histories – which is
why history matters” is true in this
case. It is not a “dead” subject as
everyone believed. History connects
things through time and the students are encouraged to take a long view of such
connections. An example is the legacies of the past is connected to the present so
as to determine what comes in the future.

This study source was downloaded by 100000871216154 from CourseHero.com on 09-06-2023 20:53:33 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/96102100/MODULE-1docx/
 Understanding the Philippine history is essential to a good understanding of the
condition of being human. People build, people destroy and people change. Neither
of these options can be understood well without understanding the context and
starting point of all these. All beings live in the here and now, but it took a long
unfolding history to get enough to “now”.

MEANING OF HISTORY

Socrates in his dialect argued the importance of coming up with terms before
engaging in a discourse. In this way there will be a common ground for exchange of
discussion. On the other hand, the appropriation of meaning is complicated for it
has to consider factors (historical & cultural are some of the examples. The power
that emanates from the on who controls the discourse is also a factor to consider. To
quote Napoleon Bonaparte “What is history but fable agreed upon.

Gottschalk (1969), posited that the term history has evolved from its present
connotation. Entomologically, history was taken from the Greek work ἱστορία which
means “to learn.” At present the term connotes the past events. At present the
term connotes the past events.

Generally, History is concerned with the study of the human past (Barnes 1963).
Specifically, we can give three attributions of meanings to the concept. First, it
deals with the past events; second, the records of past events such as, chronicle,
annals, official records like birth certificates, marriage certificates; third, history as
an academic discipline (Shaffer, 1974).

Furthermore, Dr, Zues salazar defined history as “mga pangyayari na may saysay
para sa grupo ng taong sinasaysayan nito” (2000). Salazar advocated the use of
Filipino in Historical Discourse.

History as defined by a foreign scholar “is the record of what one age finds worthy
of note in another.” For Carr, history is a study of human achievements. Whatever
differences historians may give, still the term suggest past events.

The term history although it means past, cannot be narrowed down to the records
of past events only. Likewise, even though the subject of history is past events,
nobody can deny that it connotes many implications that affect the life of the
people and the future of a country as defined by Medina, “history is not just the
past but also and principally the present and future.” History is a forward projection.
It is a social construction of a future reality. For these authors, the writing of history
is a political endeavor. Since history is a continuous process, it is a good vehicle to
use in directing the future of a country. This brings us to the question posed by
Keith Jenkins about history and power. For Keith Jenkins, history can never be and
will never be for one’s self. It is always for one person. He added that “history is a
form of power wherein the direction of the arrangement of the past is discussed.” In

This study source was downloaded by 100000871216154 from CourseHero.com on 09-06-2023 20:53:33 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/96102100/MODULE-1docx/
 this case, the subjects that will never be privileged and will be muted is based on
the kind of discourse followed by historians. History as a discourse is a series of
tactics of organizing and sequencing events and past systems according to
individual outlook, interest, objective or goals.

A prominent historian, Samuel Tan defined history as the dynamic process of

dealing with the past in which the stages or aspects of development are
interrelated, brought upon by the understanding of the present and the future. Tan
added that history is a collective interplay of events. Tan’s view of history gives us a
broader outlook in dealing with past events. His definition gives us a clue that
history is the achievement of different people in a particular time and not just the
work of a particular group of people in a particular place, thus debunking the
Manila-centered history.

This view of Tan was supported by a prominent nationalist historian, Renato

Constantino, who emphasized that “history is the achievement of man not the
individual but the collective.” Therefore, we cannot assume that history is a primary
work of an individual leader but a collective effort of the people. With this definition,
Constantino strengthened the history from below. Following Marx’s idea of history,
Constantino views the masses as the real mover of history.

Why do we need to study history? This is a perennial question of a very inquisitive

mind. As suggested by Sterns, history must be studied because it is significant both
to society and people for it helps us better understand ourselves, our strengths,
limitations, and aspirations. Historical events remind us of the collective experience
of the people, its suffering, joy and aspiration. All these things serve as glue
towards the realization of a nation.

The study of history became possible with the development of writing. The
invention of writing could be considered as one of the most important inventions of
human civilization because it gave men the instrument to record their
achievements. This important invention of human civilization ended the pre-historic
age and marked the beginning of the historic era.

History can be divided into different branches as follows: general history which
covers political, economic, diplomatic and military history; economic history, which
includes economic thoughts and economic system; cultural history which covers
local and ethnic history; social history and myth history. Although much of our
history is devoted to political history as an important part of their discourse.

ACTIVITY 2

Direction: Answer the question briefly and comprehensively. Write your answers in
the task sheet provided.
1. What is History?

This study source was downloaded by 100000871216154 from CourseHero.com on 09-06-2023 20:53:33 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/96102100/MODULE-1docx/
 ______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. List down five reasons why it is important to study history.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. React to this statement “History is inescapable.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
4. React to this statement “history is the achievement of man not the individual
but the collective.”
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
5. React to this statement “ang kasaysayan ay mga pangyayari na may saysay
para sa grupo ng taong sinasaysayan nito.”
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

RUBRICS

SCORING RUBRICS
(for Activity 1, 2)
Criterion Description Point
Required Components Response includes all components and meets or exceeds all
requirements indicated in the instructions. Each question or part
4
of the assignment is addressed thoroughly. All attachments
and/or additional documents are included, as required.
Response includes all components and meets all requirements 3
indicated in the instructions. Each question or part of the
assignment is addressed. All attachments and/or additional

This study source was downloaded by 100000871216154 from CourseHero.com on 09-06-2023 20:53:33 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/96102100/MODULE-1docx/
 documents are included, as required.
Response is missing some components and/or does not fully
meet the requirements indicated in the instructions. Some
questions or parts of the assignment are not addressed. Some 2
attachments and additional documents, if required, are missing
or unsuitable for the purpose of the assignment.
Response excludes essential components and/or does not
address the requirements indicated in the instructions. Many
0-1
parts of the assignment are addressed minimally, inadequately,
and/or not at all.
Required Components – Possible Total Points 4
Structure Writing is clear, concise, and well organized with excellent
sentence/paragraph construction. Thoughts are expressed in a
4
coherent and logical manner. There are no more than three
spelling, grammar, or syntax errors per page of writing.
Writing is mostly clear, concise, and well organized with good
sentence/paragraph construction. Thoughts are expressed in a
3
coherent and logical manner. There are no more than five
spelling, grammar, or syntax errors per page of writing.
Writing is unclear and/or disorganized. Thoughts are not
expressed in a logical manner. There are more than five 2
spelling, grammar, or syntax errors per page of writing.
Writing is unclear and disorganized. Thoughts ramble and make
little sense. There are numerous spelling, grammar, or syntax 1
errors throughout the response.
Structure – Possible Total Points 4
Content Response demonstrates an in-depth reflection on, and
personalization of, the theories, concepts, and/or strategies
presented in the course. Viewpoints and interpretations are 6-7
insightful and well supported. Clear, detailed examples are
provided, as applicable.
Response demonstrates a general reflection on, and
personalization of, the theories, concepts, and/or strategies
4-5
presented in the course. Viewpoints and interpretations are
supported. Appropriate examples are provided, as applicable.
Response demonstrates a minimal reflection on, and
personalization of, the theories, concepts, and/or strategies
presented in the course. Viewpoints and interpretations are
2-3
unsupported or supported with flawed arguments. Examples,
when applicable, are not provided or are irrelevant to the
assignment.
Response demonstrates a lack of reflection on, or
personalization of, the theories, concepts, and/or strategies
presented in the course materials to date. Viewpoints and 0-1
interpretations are missing, inappropriate, and/or unsupported.
Examples, when applicable, are not provided.
Content – Possible Total Points 7

Overall Points 15

MODULE SUBMISSION SCORING RUBRICS

Criterion Description Point

Time Management The module was turned in before or on time. 5
(Submitted the module on The module was turned in one day late. 4
time.) The module was turned in two days late. 3
The module was turned in three days late. 2
The module was turned in more than three days late 0-1

This study source was downloaded by 100000871216154 from CourseHero.com on 09-06-2023 20:53:33 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/96102100/MODULE-1docx/
 Content – Possible Total Points 5

Overall Points 5

This study source was downloaded by 100000871216154 from CourseHero.com on 09-06-2023 20:53:33 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/96102100/MODULE-1docx/
 This study source was downloaded by 100000871216154 from CourseHero.com on 09-06-2023 20:53:33 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/96102100/MODULE-1docx/
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)