Biology Name _______________________________

Practice Test on Cell Reproduction a Date _________________ Period ________

1. In order to fit within a cell, DNA becomes more compact by coiling up into short rods

2. Chromatids are half of the duplicated chromosome

3. Chromosomes that are not involved in sex determination are called _autosomes___________________.

4. A student can study a karyotype to learn about the number and condition of chromosomes

5. The diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46

6.Binary Fission_ is the process by which bacteria split asexually into two identical organisms.

7.In bacteria, cell division takes place in two stages. First the __circular chromosome__________________ is
copied, and then the cell splits.

8.The stage of the cell cycle that occupies most of the cell’s life is interphase

9. growth : G1 :: DNA replication : __S_____

10.The sequence of events that occurs in a cell from one mitotic division to the next is called the ___cell cycle
__________.

11. During cell division, plant cells form a new _cell plate________ in the center of the cell.

12. In eukaryotic cells, cytokinesis_________ takes place after the nucleus divides.

13.After a new nuclear membrane forms during telophase of mitosis or meiosis, the cytoplasm_________
divides, resulting in two cells.

14. Refer to the illustration above. The cell in diagram 1 is in anaphase

15. Refer to the illustration above. Mitosis begins with the stage shown in diagram 2 (prophase)

16. Refer to the illustration above. The cell shown in diagram 5 is in telophase/cytokinesis

17. A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cytokinesis, each of the two new cells
formed from the original cell has __46___ chromosomes
18. Refer to the illustration above. What is the correct order in which these events occur? 3, 2, 1, 4

19. Refer to the illustration above. During which stage do the centromeres divide? 1 (anaphase)

20. In plant cells, cytokinesis occurs when nucleus has divided and cell plate is formed.

21. Mitosis is a process by which cell’s nucleus splits into two nucleus, each with identical chromosomes(DNA)

22. Control of the cell cycle occurs at three main __checkpoints__________.

23. Cancer occurs as a result of disorders in cell __division________

24. When crossing-over takes place, chromosomes pieces break off and reattach to an adjacent homologous
chromosome (switching places) .

25. A karyotype is a picture of chromosomes in a cell. ______________________________.

26. What would happen if the chromosome number were not reduced before sexual reproduction? Write your
answer in the space below. There would be too many chromosomes after the sex cells have joined in fertilization
and the cell could not live.

27. Briefly describe all the stages of the cell cycle.

Practice Test on Cell Reproduction b Date _________________ Period ________

1. A protein disk that attaches two chromatids to each other in a chromosome is called a centromere

2. What is the difference between the chromosomes of eukaryotes and those of prokaryotes? Prokaryotes
chromosomes are circular (not long strands), only 1 (not paired), attached to cell membrane (not in nucleus)

3. In all human body cells except the gametes, there are 46_ chromosomes.

4. A picture of a cell’s chromosomes is called a(n) ___karyotype______.

5. A diploid cell is one that have both chromosomes of the pair. (all chromosomes in somatic cells are found in
pairs)

6. In a bacterium, cell division takes place when after chromosome has duplicated, cell membrane grows, cell
grows.

7. How many chromosomes are in a human egg cell? 23

8. metaphase : prophase :: anaphase: _metaphase______

9. Collectively, the time spent in G1 + S + G2 is called ___interphase______.

10.Chromosomes coil up into short rods during ___prophase______.

11. Refer to the illustration above. The cell in diagram 1 is in anaphase

12. Refer to the illustration above. Mitosis begins with the stage shown in diagram 2 (prophase)

13. Refer to the illustration above. The cell shown in diagram 5 is in telophase/cytokinesis

14. A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cytokinesis, each of the two new cells
formed from the original cell has __46___ chromosomes
15. Refer to the illustration above. What is the correct order in which these events occur? 3, 2, 1, 4

16. Refer to the illustration above. During which stage do the centromeres divide? 1 (anaphase)

17. Separation of homologues occurs during meiosis (anaphase I)

18. The exchange of segments of DNA between the members of a pair of chromosomes is called crossing over

19. The difference between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of meiosis is that in Anaphase I centromere
doesn’t divide, chromatids are still attached to each other, homologous chromosomes separate,
but in anaphase, duplicated chromosomes separate and homologous chromosomes move together into new cell.
20.The process called _meiosis___ guarantees that the number of chromosomes in gametes is half the number of
chromosomes in body cells.

21. Cell division in bacteria and eukaryotes are different because _bacteria has no nucleus, chromosome doubles
and then cell and cell membrane grow until cell is large enough to split into new cell.____________

22. Microtubules that extend from the poles of a cell to the centromeres during cell division are called
_____spindle fibers _.

23. As a result of oogenesis, only ____1_____ cell(s) develop(s) into (an) egg cell(s).

24. The information needed by a cell to direct its activities and to determine its characteristics is contained
in___DNA__

25. Gametes are __haploid___and eventually undergo __fertilization____so the resulting _zygote___ will have
the characteristic number of chromosomes for that species.

26.

Refer to the illustration above. Identify the structure in the illustration and discuss its importance during
eukaryotic cell division. Write your answer in the space below.

27. Compare the features of mitotic metaphase, meiotic metaphase I, and meiotic metaphase II. Write your answer
in the space below.
Biology Name _______________________________

Practice Test on Cell Reproduction c Date _________________ Period ________

1.Following replication of its DNA, each chromosome contains two __chromatids______, which are attached to
each other by a centromere.

2. How many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has a haploid number of 8? 16

3. diploid : body cell :: haploid : _sex cell (gamete)______

4. Binary fission is __how bacteria or prokaryotes reproduce______.

5. The chromosome of a bacterium differs from eukaryotic chromosomes in that _it is a single, circular, attached
to cell membrane (not in nucleus)_________

6. The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of the cell
is called metaphase

7. A spindle fiber is a __microtuble (made of proteins)__ that __radiate from centromere and to which
centromeres attach so that chromosomes can be pulled apart during mitosis. ___ 

8. In mitosis, anaphase follows _metaphase____.

9. Refer to the illustration above. The cell in diagram 1 is in anaphase

10. Refer to the illustration above. Mitosis begins with the stage shown in diagram 2 (prophase)

11. Refer to the illustration above. The cell shown in diagram 5 is in telophase/cytokinesis

12. Refer to the illustration above. What is the correct order in which these events occur? 3, 2, 1, 4

13. Refer to the illustration above. During which stage do the centromeres divide? 1 (anaphase 12. Refer to the
illustration above. What is the correct order in which these events occur?

15. The cells resulting from meiosis in either males or females are called __gametes_______.
16. A reciprocal exchange of corresponding segments of DNA is called _crossing over_______________.

17. As a result of spermatogenesis, __4___ cells are produced that can all develop into sperm cells.

18. A duplicated chromosome is called a _chromosome_____ and is made of chromatids____ attached by a

19. Asexual reproduction is using only 1 parent_________

20. During telophase nuclear membrane reappears, chromosomes lengthen, cell membrane pinces in or cell plate
develops (plant cells) ___.

21. Chromatids separate from each other during _anaphase____

22. Cytokinesis is _splitting of cytoplasm_____

23. During the S portion of Interphase, chromosomes _replicate____

24. Cells spend most of their lifetime in interphase______.

25. Cancer occurs as a result of disorders in ___cell division (mitosis)___

26. Explain how offspring resulting from sexual reproduction differ from offspring resulting from asexual
reproduction.

27. A great deal of research on the causes of and a possible cure for cancer focuses on mitosis. Why? Write your
answer in the space below