Animation

///////Brief - History
Animation is the process of creating motion and
shape change illusion by means of rapid display of
a sequence of static images that minimally differ
from each other.
Animators are artists who specialize in the creation
of animation
The Origins of
Animation
//creating
movement
Thaumatrope
Thaumatrope
• Invented in the 1820s
• Name means “magic turn”
• Designed to amuse children
• Made of 2 pieces of paper and
string
• One image on the front, another
on the back. As it spins it gives
the illusion of combining the
images.
Zoetrope
• Invented in the 1860s
• Was an expensive toy for
children and adults
• Made of a cylinder with slits
in it
• Images were put on the
inside of the cylinder.
• The viewer would spin the
cylinder to see the images
move
Zoetrope
Flip-Book
Flip-Book
• Flip books are made by
layering sheets of paper
with slightly altered images
in a sequential order.

• As the viewer quickly

“flips” through the book,
they see a quick
animation.
Kineograph
early animation flip book

kineograph is a picture representing objects in motion, produced by bringing separate

pictures before the eye in such quick succession as to blend the images into one
continuous impression.
Photography & film
 • 1906 J. Stuart Blackstone made
the first animated film.
• He drew faces on board
• Photographed them onto film
• Ran the film sequentially to
show the faces
• Titled the film: “Humorous
Phases of Funny Faces”
J.Stuart Blackstone
Humorous Phases of Funny faces
1906
• It is considered stop-motion
J.Stuart Blackstone
Humorous Phases of Funny faces
1906
Stop-motion
 What is Stop-Animation ?

• Stop-motion is the basis of animation.

• Stop-motion is a form of animation that relies on
photographs of still objects to create movement.
Objects are manipulated and photographed
sequentially. When the photographs move
together in a quick sequence (like in a film) it
creates the illusion of movement. This is similar
to the way a flip-book works.
 What is Stop-Animation ?

• The object is moved in small increments between

individually photographed frames, creating the
illusion of movement when the series of frames is
played as a continuous sequence.

• Clay figures are often used in stop-motion for

their ease of repositioning. Stop-motion animation
using clay is called clay-mation.
Early Beginnings
//Stop-motion
The first Model of the stop motion technique can be credited to
Albert E. Smith for The Humpty Dumpty Circus (1897) in
which a toy circus of acrobats and animals comes to life .

Albert E.smith
Humpty Dumpty Circus
1897
 60,70’s
Claymation
 one of early full show was made during
the late 1950s and early 1960s Davey
and Goliath was featured on television. It
was a show for children.

Davey & Goliath Intro

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zs_WvPmWL88
Davey and Goliath
The family of god
1956
• In 1975, filmmaker and clay animation experimenter Will Vinton
joined with sculptor Bob Gardiner to create an experimental film
called Closed Mondays which became the world's first stop
motion film to win an Oscar.

• In 1977, Vinton made a documentary about this process and his

style of animation which he dubbed "Claymation"; he titled the
documentary Claymation. Soon after this documentary, the term
was trademarked by Vinton to differentiate his team's work from
others who had been, or were beginning to do, "clay animation”.
 Will Vinton
Closed mondays
1975
 Famous Claymation

• Early: During the late 1950s and early 1960s Davey

and Goliath was featured on television. It was a show
for children.

• Mid: Gumby was a show that premiered on Saturday

morning T.V. in the 1970s and 1980s for children.

• Modern: Wallace and Gromit are popular clay-

mation characters today.
Gumby
Wallace and Gromit
From stop-motion
to cartoons
 • In 1914 Winsor McCay, using drawing
and the stop-motion technique,
created the first character-based
cartoon called Gertie the Dinosaur

• “Gertie the Dinosaur,” which is

approximately 5 minutes long, contains
10,000 drawings.

• From 1914-1928 artists developed the

animation technology and began to
teach others about animation.
Winsor McCay
Gertie the Dinosaur
1914

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lmVra1mW7LU
Winsor McCay
Gertie the Dinosaur
1914
• 1928 Walt Disney debuts the first cartoon to feature
animation and sound.

• It is called Steamboat Willie

walt disney
streamboat willie
1928
• After Steamboat Willie, the animation world grew in leaps
and bounds.

• Even as technology advances, the basics of animation are

still based stop-motion

• During the next 40 years animation transitions from a

fanciful toy into a major business (1930s-1970s)
• Walt Disney Company
• Fox Animation
• Hanna-Barbera
• Warner Brothers Animation
• MGM Animation
computer generated Imagery
( CGI animation)
• The term is usually applied to works created entirely with a
computer. Movies make heavy use of computer-generated
graphics; they are called computer generated imagery (CGI)
in the film industry.

• the late 1970s to early 1980s Computer Generated Imagery

or CGI is used in film for the first time.

• CGI allows animators to create fantasy situation and illusions

within real live action.
An example of computer animation which is produced in the "motion capture" technique
 • The first mainstream movie that used CGI was The
Last Starfighter in 1984.

• In 1995 Toy Story premiered. It was the first full-

length motion picture to be entirely CGI.

Last starfighter Toy story

1984 1995
Thank you
End of presentation