THEORYIntroduction Landscape afchitecture isan aestnetcaly based profession founded on an understanding of the landscape. That undersanding requis knowledge often land scences geology, sols, hycrology botary, horticulture ecologyaso ere ees A landscape architect needs a technical understanding of construction anda thorough knowedge of plants, Today a principal meaning of landscape Is an extensive area of land regarded as being visually distinct. Definition Public park means an area or portion of an area dedicated or designated by any state, oF local agency primary for pubic recreational use, whether or not such Use imted to cert tes or days inclucing ary land leased, reserved, oF eld open to the public because of thatuse ‘Some parks are protected natural lands of immense size, wile others ate smaler designed spaces In urban or suburban communites: The design and management of pas fs informed by curert practices of urban planning, design attitudes, modes of recreation, philosophies of landscape preservation, and benef social inaction, Purpose of Parks 1. It’s goad for your health. The health benefits of gerdening have been well-documented. 2. Gardens matter for the planet. As more wild areas are disrupted for development, gardens become important Places for water to be fitered or carbon to be sequestered by Tes, 3, Gardens build community. 4. It connects fo nature. As humans, we need that connection for our minds, our bodies an our spiritsDisadvantages .arks offer numeMain Smo s . ao apt Types of Public Parks 1 Pocket park According to the NRPA, pocket pai smell outdoor usually les oH. ae Building: 2.Neighbourhood park ‘A neighborhood park typically ranges from 3 to 10 sqm in size and serves residents within 2 S-mile racius. Its purpose is to provide opportunities for informal recreation, foster social interaction among neighbors, preserve open space, and contribute to. the nique character of the neighborhood 3,Community park ‘community park typMain Components: 1. Buildings: The public bathroom is treated as a sculptural meaning it can be seen easily from almost anywhere in the park Ibis located along the cenwal spine of the park, easly accessible from the street 2. Pavement: Design. muttiple paths for pedestrians disabled people. and cyclists to facilitate movement between sections of the park and create inclusive and welcoming spaces forall 3. Furniture: Taking into account the design of the fumiture so that itis in harmony with the falure of the design of the park-Using sustainable materials in furniture design according to the nature of the design Take info account the use of diferent designs for furniture so that t is interesting & not boring ment in Tongya Park, < 4. Lighting: Choosing the right lighting system inthe right place, such as hidden Ightng or vaible lighting. Locating weak light places so that people can cross fiom that zone. Determining strong light places such as car parks and places where waitors gather Th 5. Steps: Taking into account the design of the stars so that itis comfortable for the user and safe- The Use of good materials in the design ofthe st where it is not slippery or shiny, and that the material isin harmony with nature-And it is possible to combine stairs and stands in terms (fuse, as itcan be used f0 go up, down and sitMain Components: 6. Vegetation: isan assemblage of piant species and the groundcover they provide. Trees Bushes Ornamental plants Climbers Weeds 7. Water: Is essential t0 all gardens and landscapes, water contributes coolness, moisture, sparkle, lightness, depth, serenity, the possiblity of aquatic plants and animab, and recreation, “Ponds Lakes 7 “Fountain -Waterfalls i 8. Services: -boath Place of prayer Toilets Common Elements Found in Public Parks Open Green Spaces Sports Fatities Walking and Cyeling Paths Playgrounds Water Features Shelters and Restrooms ¢ © é Relationships of component The ratio between all components must be considered so that they are integrated with each other and that one does not overpower the other greatly Increasing the 1 between tionship hardscape & softscape, for example merging the path with the vegetation, Greate a balance between the elements so that the hardscape does not dominate the garden, soit becomes Closer to the plaza, and the sofscape does not dominate, so it becomes closer to the forest.Principles of landscape design 1. Axis: This is an imaginary line In any gj round which the garcien is created. In the case of 2. Focal point: thRegulations of Public Park [Entrances and gates must be no less than 2 human use, vehicle trafic 0 1m, depending on the purpose vice machines garden se 2.The plant fence should be at a level 180 cm higher than the eye level of the standing person. 3.Trees and plants must be used with their size sand heights related to the size of the human being, as they give freedom to the seated person, and their branches must start after 150 cm from the surface. 4.Soil covers should be about 10-15 crn high at the level of the foot joint Public Park Users Families & Sports and Fitness Children ee pence Enthusiasts Families wth chtcren Pats prove a Mary pubic parks Pubic paris. prowde often vst pars for welcoming eneronment ate pet renal and spaces for sports pens, playing tme for sents to engage in oer desgnated erehusiasts and tress in playgrounds, family light exercise, sociaize, ‘areas for dogs t0 enthusiasts to engage ganethgs, ening and enjoy the outdo fun pay, and in aches such as open. sprees, and Features sich asweltng secialre football basketball panicieaing in ans, benches tem, joggng. or recreational actives, xingSTANDARDSDisabled W.C. SyLighting & ShadowsPedeskian Paths “Shared Use Path Pedestrian, /Bleycle/ Cor Path,CASE STUDIESInternational : ne Green at College Park _nsis completion year: March 2011 Te) Area: 10521.8 m= B. Arenitects: Schrickel, Rollins and Associates (SRA) BBP ste Context: urban he Unverity of Texas Nature of Project a fe project at The Unive development, including a special events center and residential and porosity) & Landmarks © We vniversty port © serierrax © coiiist cu of angion “Services toa Ainaton of Texas atContext Arlington “The Heart of Art" The Atlingion Museum of Art |AMA) showcases exciting and cuturally Located in dewmtown Arlington, the AMA isa staple of the city’s arts scene. The museum boasts a variety of exhibts on a rotating bass: Past exhibits include the Laue, Pablo Passo, Andy W; Jackson Pollock The AMA has also partnered with Arington Independent year, Sol through four floors of the museum and be. stimulated, hallenged, ancl enlightened Residents’ interest in gardens ‘lis in Aringron are prety eath conscious, progressive, There are 379 gardens, and another 628 on waiting lits, according to Urban Agriculture Coordinator kim Haun ofthe county parks department. That afer the coursy cided space for 150 mote gardeners over the ast three years. This show thei Skyline Skyline urban country with a lot of green areas 99% of Alington residents live within 2 10-minute wakk of a park. A SS A This mean that there ae a lot of gardens, parks and landscaping areas in Adlington , it has 184 parks 1 that it’s ar of Arlington expSite Forces % Is 59°F and residents ofthe ciy enjoy anLand Use Plan Main users 509% of the students are ving ‘on the campus that mean most of the vistors of the garcien are students | Youths) Parking services for: accessible motorcycle 2 EE ks Itwas completely distributed ‘around the building to make easy access to the garden 17How the Park is Sustainable By a green solution fo water pollution Storm water manageme n, became key opportunites in the nal design. The flowing fo park celebrates the path and th ood dynamics. The ste now celebra ‘campus exlge, gateway entrance treatments, an oval 1 for organzed and informal everts, pedestian promenade, animated LED lighting recycled glass pe VOUS paving. a drainage garden, biofiters ain planters, outdoor classroom and layers of seatingElements of the Park a EXPANDED SHALE CENTRAL LAWN o.—_ = SHADE STRUCTURES. ym Mtemrertgnemares 5 Inmet imgse Fete ‘Sever weaner tomato fo ‘rectors end resse whan su fg TORONTO rang Ow HEE, roe hase areas (eee nto feos RRILL GARDEN - 2 Re ede oe ene eet oes ea rea Seat nono . (CRUSHED-GLASS WALKWAY The paths made of dass betes tom {isnt hat hve ban rushed and tors et aes Ia BedeMaterial And Structure palette Color Scheme Natural stone a — ae = The foors were made of Calm watm and clear colors were used that express nature iy rratural stone more _ Local Herb Zz It needs less w handles harsh w Concrete Dark guards are a preferred . walking surface Zoning Diagram The mosty native and adapt Large Rocks were used because they absorb and retain it during wet nitions, 7 Recycled Metal Shadow Structures used recycled metal. 20—— Concept Before Prior to development the existing block consisted of 75 96 impervious surfaces which consisted of parking and dilapidated apartments contaminated with eroded drainage channel flanked the estos, / western edge of the site_and was associated with considerable flood issues in the area After The site now celebrates a defined campus edge. gateway entr treatments, an oval lawn for organized and informal events, pedestrian promenade, animated LED lighting, recycled glass pervious paving, a drainage garden, biofiters, rain planters, autdoor classroom and Layers of seating Hardscape &Softscape, The circle element was used S h extensively in the design of 7 the soft spacewhile the 20% 80% cumlinear character on the The amount of soft space areas outweighs ° hard space corridors the hard space area in the design 21Design Decisions gunrays Drainage > penetrate From the beginning of the project the rays in the eastern parts, umt to the garden, . trees of medium In order to protect agains planted on the ide where they are placed sore, p, developed by the team, revealed 1/3 of the campus drained into this channel and to be used by piping and draining all of the 1un-off into nearly Johnson 4 To slow the flow of water, they created small reek, a water body known for severe depressions in the landscape to catch flooding, the project desig challenged the team of landscape architects and engineers to turn the canal into a site safety that manages storm water aCel aT 23pesional: Sishane Park Location : Istanbul, Turkey on WW] Area: 30.000 square meters B. Arcnitects: Arzu Nunoglu PeyzajTasacim 4g BP structural Engineering: YET Nature of Project spaces, and intimate resting areas, fostering cor defining features are the sihouette walk. decks, ‘diverse landscape of unique Hale species Acces ity & Landmarks Tersane-i Amire Anatolian High Schoo! Services key sishane Park in central stanbul isa transformative urban public space designed to reconnect residents and visto Ure offers a blend of sweeping views, cultural programing rnunity engagernent. The park's three and outdoor room, complemented by a @ Goleta kviesi Tm 7m $m 1 tence 24Context In every region, and even in every neighbourhaod, you must see that green spots next to each other, with children’s playground and some sport machines in the middle for doing moming exercises. It is built in all the municipalities of Istanbul, so why did the municipalities give special attention to gardens? Istanbul is the most important tourist city in Turkey, and one of the most important tourist cities in the world, so parks in ftanbul were a must. Statistics show that there are more than 100 big parks in Istanbul, and many small parks As soon 2s the municipality finishes constructing a park, it begins constructing another park And the parks in Istanbul are never emply, but always crowded, The Turkish pes love the natural air and this recreational outlet, and practicing moming exercises andi having fun with chilcren in vast areas #5 2 ‘means of entertainment for the norms of Turkish society Skyline the istanbul skyline full of historic places, minarets and domes 25Site Forces 4) Climate Lo a> SD = ry Circulation a = esaer &® eareing area ee Aj Ltt t The climate of Istanbul, the largest city of Turkey, can be defined as transitional Mediterranean, in fact, it has quite cold winters, but otherwise it hes Mediterranean characteristics: the rainiest seasons are autumn and winter, and summer is hot and sunny. From December fo March, is quite cold the average temperature in January is around 6 °C (43 ‘F). In winter, there are mild periods, but ako cold periods, during which the temperature remains a few degrees above freezing (0°C or 32 *F] even during the day, and a cold rain can fell, or even snow. In fact, snawalls are not so rare, and accur more than once almost every year, accompanied by frosts, usually not intense. 26Zoning Diagram ne with the cornmunity, Th also creates ample pubic spaces for three features: the sha [rae ea aElements of the Park Acar park The upper level of the car park is open to air and natural ight while the five lower levels are ally with cross jon an romated fan system. T -apacity is 1,000 people and a meeting point for ather transport services. Dynamic traffic in Sishane Park for people moving through the ely Terraces Delying rotational foot level difference sign and clarity, there the park from the upper urban entrance to the lower highy z .ge turned into an ac a viewing deck across Halic, the OF 5 4 the third terrace lation to the entrance level of the parking area defined and sheltered ou Halic plants Seating Areas lighting The garden is in dialogue with opportunity wal ight ar A motion sensing lighting system and LED stair sweeping Hews and UNIQUE amphibiou ISare set up tomeet wells llow the car parks to use energy on demand, Halic to enhance the the equinc ‘ zy urnmer solstice and comfort. 28Design Decisions " Sun Rays a The park creates large open public spaces for cultural programming as well 2s spaces 10 rest, enjoy tree shade, play, and spend time. Rich landscaping of various unique species especially Halic flora has been placed in these spaces in order nhance the feeling of joy and ot Having the upper level of the car park open to air and natural ight while the five lower levels are airy with cross ventilation and an automated fan system, Xd lower amphibious up to meet the equinoxes indi summer solstice. Drainage The water recovery system allows for nsive greening of roofs and ‘caping by 3036, wood surfaces and a choice of light granite, which really reduces the negative effects of the heat island effect. Landscaping water recovery and. implemented sidewalks also teduce the impact of the projects on the storm w infrastructure of the historic district Pants and terraces mitigate noise pollution from the low natural. light ventilation aPrinciples of landscape design Unity Tol (oli ket PaO LUA) ALL : fore eTuPlants leucophyllum frutescens Texas sage is a popular omamental plant. commonly used for edge and Clearing plantings in warmer, drier regions, It requires minimal water, car e easly formed into hedges, and blooms over the entire surface. It is available in a variety of varieties Berberis thunbergli var Purple leaf barbemy D variety in th barberry) family with strking burgundy folage and red stems. dependable accent plant is a rounded, dense shrub with numerous spi branches and is easy to transplant grows 3 (0 6 feet tall and 4 to 7 fee wide Helichrysum petiolare It is cultivated for its foliage and as yyoundcover. This plant prefers sun to freezing for extended periods a sheltered position in full sun. Trees Standard Shaped Plants ee eee) eqaly well suted to creating nas Mather Notre intended Moon Tree Moon trees are a group of trees with environmental symbolism, planted in different parts of the earth from 500 seeds that were picked and taken ove the course of the moon, Tilia kiusiana It grows from a broad shrub shape intc a small tree with a broad, pyramidal crown, In culture about 5 m tall but grows to arcund 10 m in the wild, The young twigs have soft har. The hai disappear’ after the fist season, 31Conclusion he design isin a calogue wit and ra of the Fale ( Strengths i Mr aS Opportunity ie pasa while the 1,00 parking protLocal: The National Gallery of Fine Arts Park GL completion year: 1953 Te) Area: 7500 square meters Be Architects: Lara Zureikat. (CSE) PNATERSCRCYAEEN eB? 5 content: Urban Pt Note of Project ofthe National Museum of Fine Arts, one of Amman's oldest puIC Park, w 1002, SBE 1d chiletren’s play areas. fhe patk remains open to the public lity & Landmarks @ Pincess Alia schoo! tm sm am Jordan National Gallery fan cof Fine Arts © Aiatet webster celery = am am © weed Youn Foundation tn tn vm © Necermtangvece Center an am om 33Context Population Amman Amman makes up 42% of the Kingdom's population coals iter. Es Easel The Department of Statistics mos recent data indicates that the population of the capital ity, Amiman, makes up 42 percent of the total Kingdom population ALRai_N porte man’s capital city’s expanding population nas crested an urgent demand for a public perk that would unite the neighbouthoo and provide inhabitants with Skyline ada atlall The city of Arma fll building and it Food Corner Green Areas Mosque bulaing Element in Amman Parks 34National ¢ concentration ir Climate The average annual temperature in ‘Amnman is 17.2 °C. The rainfall nere is ‘Amman is located in the northern hemisphere, summer begins her September Augus May, J Circulation The plan show the regu 35Site Details Plants S083000 37Site Details Plants LeonotisLeontr Myrtus Comma ennsetum Setoreu Tomei Denes speciosa Rosmeinus Offcinals 60868 38Site Details Trees Uh me YJ ea ey _ 39ter 0 link the nat easier for the visitor Design Decisions used to blend Cast Iron 40—— Design Decisions eka PSSA IESE igh. meElements of the Park SSS Play Spaces walking path Fence seating areas Glass pamphlet Stone grils Japanese garden Bermuda grass Signs and fixtures nrough which rain Consisting of stone and Iedoes not need alarge Indicate the name and type of water is directed to the gravel and the principles ‘amount of inigation, plants, exposure to sun and reservoit of water conservator shade, and water needs 42Principles of landscape design RYofol (Wm ace) SetCeli} of Voids poe cxConclusionSITE ANALYSISLocation Context The Mataa was prevousy known as AMFudan the escent of te cy of Mf dates back to the = cons.cion ote away in 1902 AD. ¥ Attraction points BL ign aensiy Medium densiy Landmarks HB towaensiy SS 4s Oasr A Burca Urn Al ja Jordan itis an Arab country southwest Asia, named after the Jordar p an area of 89,341 square anda population Matra A Jordanian city, located 80 km orth of the Jordanian capi anean Nain (47508) id Simin 65900) It covers an area of (26,551) sq xqee Samim 17) and has 2 population 48) people 45elope Users Males; 283533 Female 260.415 Population: 549.948, ©o&& hid = Old Young tas Waling Car Bus ‘Male Female 46ding Heights SS . se King Tota Hospital ism ana ngineeing Faculty Vm University ridge ‘om University Gate °m (On the left side, the amount of solid was more than the right side, and since the we must design it promote balance betweer TE esennan TE comencar [ll rousma 1 Fvcationa TE coes BBE Feseevna | comencia sreet pli protect fm sun The worst view io the garden, so we Should ie iby puting righ wal or lingClimate if maltag, the summers are long, hot, arid, and clear and the winters are cold, windy, and partly cloudy yer the course ofthe year, the temperature typicaly Varies fom 37 and is rarely below Putting high-density wees in order to prevent anno sunlight and reduce noise opogra and soften the atmosphere with pography aos fees can be placed to provide mor shade.Landscape Style There is no specific landscape style it Mi Dut it is possble to take age of local and regional 1d how to deal with ther Concrete se wis Natural tone Jimestor in. different we nd wood chy < Vegetation Trees Pinus Pinus s montezumae Olve trees Pinus & & é iS lawsoni michoacana pseudostrobus Quercus Quercus crassifolia rugosa. Grape trees Quercus Quercus sP AAtbutus SP Taurins Shrubs ra | evening ckwaniherum wormwood —Afizona = camel, «== yucca, primrose poppy thistle. Esa ) Mojave Hedgehog Aram Lavender_—-Hyssopus_Agavash ester cach 49Vegetation fr chercterted by beng desert vith some random dante pare aunt ke Paani in the ea rmmepnis Aen Arn faim Natural Physical Features “ tomeunveniy ‘opography a > veticeis Pat To Mafraq Soil Type & Moston ac. ae. toarmanitage eoestanFath 5 ra ther format ory method TINe The coserte the excavations : in the plot of land, the more ween cl Fgrowing — plantsProposal Trees Aroucario laurel fig Color Properties folecant of severe rough! Yellow Fast growing Dust Bearing Evergreen Fost growing Drought tolerant {Vegetable fence Green Everoreen -brough lolerant Windbreaks Dust bearing Need the sun Green & Evergreen, Purple Dust becning Vegetable fence wile Pistachio =a [Japenese pagoda tree Ash free Color Pinks Green & Yelow Green & Yellow Properties Need the sun ight tolerant Shadow free Evergreen Fast growing “Need sun Drought folerant Shadow ee Need sun [Drought tolerant Vegetable fence Heat folerant Need sun Drought folerant Single plant Dust bearing 51Zoning & Program tice de % “ACES Enirance Management Securily Pools and Water Paths Circulation Shaded Area. Flower Garden Outdoor Cinema Outdoor Exhibition ‘Muttipe activity = Quel area, + playground + Meditation area + Outdoor Exhibition + Cycling area + BBQ area + Stadium ‘ting crea Reading area Commercial area Restaurant + Cottee shop, + Supermarket Sport area = Ski creo + Football + Chilcren ait + Basketball court * Climbing area = Swimming area Service Area (tollet ‘The Mosque} Parking ‘AREAS 20002 S000m2, ‘B00m2, ‘800mn2 soom2 9.s00m2 52Conclusion AYicy