EAPP 1ST MONTHLY EXAM HANDOUT REVIEWER

By: Darryl Shane U. Gravador

Academic vs Non-academic Texts (Venn Diagram)
COVERAGE:
1. Academic and Non-academic Texts Academic Texts Similarity of Non-academic
2. Structure of Academic Texts (Unique Academic and Texts
3. Summarizing, Paraphrasing and Direct Quotation Feature/s) Non- (Unique
4. Outlining academic Feature/s)
5. Citing Sources Texts
6. Reaction Papers/ Critiques
Academic texts Both have an Does not have
Lessons 1 and 2: Academic and Non-academic Texts and REQUIRE Introduction, citations
Stucture of Academic Texts CITATIONS Body and
Conclusion Language and
Academic Texts Language AND style vary from
- these are texts which have a clear structure, style are formal to literary
composed of the Introduction, Body and ALWAYS formal
Conclusion. Content may be
- These follow the properties of a well-written text Content is information/data
such as: organization, coherence, cohesion, etc. inclined to that or something
- They use precise language and avoid jargons, of literary (i.e.
state critical questions and cite their sources information/data poems, stories,
- They are usually used in writing research papers etc)
because they include concepts and theories
which are used in a specific field/ discipline
*From the diagram, it may be concluded that academic
Examples: and non-academic texts share only one similarity, but
1. Thesis differ totally in terms of structure, language, style and
2. Research Papers content.
3. Dissertations
Reading Academic Texts
Parts of an Academic Text: - since academic texts have a more technical and
a. Introduction – this is where the overview of the formal structure and content, reading them
text and the thesis statement are written. requires FOCUS and UNDERSTANDING
b. Body – this part contains the main arguments, - a reader must interact with the text by asking
claims, supporting details and other important questions about the text and relating the text to
details of the text. real-life events
c. Conclusion – this is where the author wraps up - as such, CRITICAL READING must be used to
the details or resolves the initial issue/problem identify those key issues and arguments in the
stated in the earlier parts of the text. text

Non-academic Texts Critical Reading Process

- these are texts which may be composed using a - in simplest terms, the process of critical reading
variety of structures. is as follows:
- The language used in non-academic texts may a. Identify the type of academic text
differ. They may be formal or even literary. being read
b. Identify the purpose of the author
Examples: in writing the text
1. Poems c. Annotate (take down notes) the
2. Short Stories text
3. Newspaper articles d. Reflect on what you have read
4. Magazines
*Annotation is the process of jotting down notes
regarding the text which includes: unfamiliar
words, key concepts and helps the reader to
dissect the complicated parts of the text being
read
EAPP 1ST MONTHLY EXAM HANDOUT REVIEWER
By: Darryl Shane U. Gravador

Lesson 3: Summarizing, Paraphrasing and Direct Lesson 4: Outlining and Citing Sources
Quotation
Outlining
Summarizing - this is a map of your essay, showing the
- it allows a reader to determine the essential sequence of the details of the essay and what
parts of a book, article, or chapter each section will contain
- these essential parts usually include the gist or - this helps to organize a reader’s or writer’s ideas
main idea, key information and other important in a text
phrases - most outlines use bullet points or numbers in
order to create and outline
Keyword/s: SHORTENED VERSION - simple/basic applications of outlining may be
found in restaurant menus and even in the table
Paraphrasing of contents of a book
- this is a process of expressing the author’s
statements in your own words, without Types of Outlines:
changing the thought of the text 1. Topic Outline- a topic outline is a type of outline
- there are two steps in paraphrasing: that makes use of key terms and phrases ONLY
o change the sentence structure/s 2. Sentence Outline- this transforms the key terms
o change the words used and phrases into full sentences.

Keyword/s: ALTERATION, OWN WORDS *Outlines are usually done before writing and after
reading a text.
Direct Quotation
- this is done by getting a part of the original Citations
statement of the author and placing them inside - we are asked to cite our sources in order to give
quotation marks credit to the original author and to help your
- This is done to preserve the impact of the readers identify the original source of the data
original statement and to emphasize very - we also cite our sources in order to avoid
important details in the original statement. committing PLAGIARISM

Keyword/s: ORIGINAL STATEMENT IN QUOTATION Forms of Citations:

MARKS 1. In-text Citations- these citations are located
INSIDE the text and cites the details of the
Tabular Presentation of Summary, Paraphrasing, Direct reference used in his/her work
Quotation 2. Reference Citations- these citations are located
Summarizing Paraphrasing Direct at the end of the text, and contains ALL the
Quotation bibliographic details of a source text
This is done to This is done to This is done to
shorten lengthy express a preserve the In-text Citations Reference Citations
texts, by complicated impact of the
focusing only on text in your original text. Located INSIDE the text Located at THE END of a
the important own words. text
details. This is done by
Paraphrasing enclosing the Contains only the author Contains ALL the
The summary is helps to check original and the year bibliographic details of a
ALWAYS shorter whether you statement source: author, year,
than the have inside quotation title of text, place of
original text. understood a marks AND publishing, publisher,
text completely. citing your website, etc.
The thought of source.
the original text The
and the paraphrased When you direct *In-text citations and Reference citations are different
summary must version must quote, make in terms of: their location in the paper and the content
be the same. have the same sure you are of the citation
thought as the getting the
original text. important
details in the
statement.
EAPP 1ST MONTHLY EXAM HANDOUT REVIEWER
By: Darryl Shane U. Gravador
Online Journal:
APA Format Guidelines: Author/s surname, First Name Initial. (Year). Title of the
journal artile. Name of the journal. DOI or Retrieved from
In-text Citation: URL.

Single Author • If the article has been assigned with a digital

1. Author surname (year) object identifier (doi) then you should indicate it.
2. (Author surname, year) Otherwise, use the URL of the article preceded
by a signal phrase “Retrieved from”. Include
Examples: volume number, issue number enclosed in
1. According to Barrot (2016), … parentheses (if available), and page number/s.
2. … (Barrot, 2016).
Examples:
2-3 Authors Barrot, J.S. (2013). A macro perspective onkey issues in
1. Author 1 surname, Author 2 surname, & Author English as a second language (ESL) pedagogy in the
3 surname (year) postmethod era: Confronting challenges through
2. (Author 1 surname, Author 2 surname and sociocognitive-transformative approach. The Asia-
Author 3 surname, year) Pacific Education Researcher. Doi: 10.1007/s40299-
013-0119-4.
Examples:
1. According to Barrot, Sipacio & WIkins (2016), … Guthrie, K., & McCraken, H. (2010). Reflective pedagogy:
2. … (Barrot, Sipacio and Wilkins, 2016). Making meaning in experiential based online courses.
Journal of Educators Online, 7 (2), 1-21. Retrieved
Multiple Authors (First Citation) from
1. Author 1 surname, Author 2 surname, Author 3 http://www.thejeo.com/Archives/Volume7Number2
surname & Author 4 surname (year) /GuthriePaper.pdf.
2. (Author 1 surname, Author 2 surname, Author
3 surname and Author 4 surname, year) Online Sources:
Author/s surname, First Name Initial. (Year). Title of the
Examples: article. Retrieved from URL.
1. According to Barrot, Sipacio, Wilkins & Reyes
(2016), … Example:
2. … (Barrot, Sipacio, Wilkins and Reyes, 2016). OWL Purdue University Online Writing Lab. (n.d.). APA
style. Retrieved from
Multiple Authors (After 1st Citation) https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/10/
1. Author 1 surname, et al (year)
2. (Author 1 surname et al, year) Printed Journals:
Author/s surname, First Name Initial. (Year). Title of the
Examples: journal artile. Name of the journal Series No. (Issue No.),
1. According to Barrot et al. (2016), … Page nos.
2. … (Barrot et al., 2016)
Lesson 5: Reaction Papers and Critiques
No Date
1. Author (n.d.) Reaction Paper/ Critique
2. (Author, n.d.) - it is a document that evaluates/assesses a
scholarly work, a work of art, an architectural or
Reference Citation (Basic Sources): industrial design, etc
- it is not only composed of the reader’s opinions,
Printed Book: but is also supported by facts
Author/s surname, First Name Initial. (Year). Title of the
book. Place of publishing: Publisher. Approaches in Writing a Literary Critique
1. Formalism
Example: 2. Feminism
Friedman, T. L. (2009). Hot, flat and crowded: Why we 3. Reader’s Response
need a green revolution- and how it can renew 4. Marxism
America. NY:Picador.
Formalism- this is an approach that uses the
fundamental elements of a literary work as
the basis of the critique and is focused on
the text itself
EAPP 1ST MONTHLY EXAM HANDOUT REVIEWER
By: Darryl Shane U. Gravador

Feminism- this is an approach that looks into the

portrayals of the genders and the roles that
the genders play in a literary text

Reader’s Response- this approach focuses on the

reviewer’s reaction to text as a reader; the
evaluation of a text is totally dependent on
how a reader interprets the text

Marxism- this is an approach that is concerned with the

differences of the social classes, and the
struggles that the social classes may have
between them or within them