INTRODUCTION

PRAYER

Almighty father, we praise and thank you for this day. Watch over us as we go about
our works and studies help us in every way so that we may become the children you
want us to be. Amen

Last meeting you shared your thoughts and opinion on how important research in our
daily living, what is the impact of research in our life especially to you as a student?

Can you share your answer?

Anybody?

Research is important in our everyday life because it allows us to make informed

decisions about the things that matter most to us. As a student, research plays a
significant role in your studies for it helps you to gain knowledge and understanding of
the world around us. Without research, we would be limited to our own personal
experiences and observations.

It also gives us the opportunity to develop new skills and perspectives. Allows us to go
beyond our personal bubble and explore new ideas and concepts.

Every day, we benefit from the countless hours of research that have been conducted
by scientists and scholars around the world.

 For instance, many of the items we use every day, such as our phones and
laptops, CARS, MOTOR, TV those are just a few example/result of years of
research and development.
 Research plays an important role in learning how to prevent and treat
illnesses and has the potential to help improve care for people around the
world.
In short, research affects our daily lives in countless ways, both big and small.
Without it, we would be living in a very different world.

Before we proceed to our lesson this morning/afternoon, you have to answer this
worksheet it is just a PRE-TEST, to measure your competencies and understanding in
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH.
 LESSON PROPER

Okay, last school year you have already your PRACTICAL REASERCH 1, can you
share your learning/experience on you research 1?

Your research 1 is all about? QUALITATIVE?

WHAT IS QUALITATIVE IS ALL ABOUT?

QUALITATIVE is focuses on quality or meaning of experience, especially the essence

of human experience, the researcher is the primary instrument- he brings his own
perspectives to the selection and meaning of data.

Later we will going to compare the difference between QUALITATIVE and

QUANTITATIVE research,

AT THE END OF THIS LESSON CLASS…

 Define what is quantitative research

 Describe the different characteristics of quantitative research
 Determine the strengths and weaknesses of quantitative research
 Differentiate qualitative to quantitative research

WHAT IS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH?

 Quantitative research is through the use of computational procedures, is an objective, methodical,
experiential, investigation of recognizable phenomena. It is highlighted with numerical analysis of data
expecting that the results that can be generalized to some bigger population and describe a particular
observation having no biases.

The primary concern of quantitative research is number and its relationships with events. So all of those you
learned in STATISTICS and PROBOBILITY will be applied in quantitative Research, like HYPHOTHESIS testing,
using statistical techniques in analyzing data for example the relationships of variables , we can use scattered
diagram or the different kinds of correlations , you can apply the person R.

FURTHER EXPLANATION Quantitative Research is focus on measurable items, like how much, how many,
frequency, magnitude,

Characteristic of Quantitative Research

1. It is objective NOT subjective.

Precision and accuracy of measurement and analysis is the target of the concept. Furthermore,
intuitions and guesses is NOT practice OR used in developing conclusions or solutions to a problem.
So in quantitative research it put emphasis on proof rather than discovery, FOR example the
VACCINE on covid19, the researcher before they create that vaccine they have basis, they are not
guessing, they proceed to a lot of process/procedure before the VACCINE has been made.

2. Research questions are clearly defined.

Familiarity of the topic of the research have to be more focus so that it will be clear to the readers
and researcher have to be advance on what he is looking for.

Research questions should be precise and clear for which objective answers are sought.

So all phases of the study is carefully design before the data are gathered, a clearly defined research
question consist of all appropriate identification, interventions along with the comparison variables
and outcomes.

Like for example the studying of covid 19 vaccines, it should be post, or you have to give attention
and consideration all those aspects of other researcher before designing the study to ensure the
study design and the data collective are appropriate insufficient to answer the questions of interest.
Most importantly we are dealing/talking about life and health of a person.

3. Research instrument are clearly structured.

The instrument of the study is well-organized and plan, and with different dimensions and scales.

It is a structured research tools like questionnaires or checklist.

It also enable to gather or collect measurer able characteristics of the population like age, gender,
educational status, socio economic status, number of students and among others.

4. Numerical presentation of data.

Data are organized and presented in the form of numbers and statistics, it is also presented in the
forms of tables, charts, graphs, and figures that consolidate large numbers of data to show trends,
relationships, differences among variables.

5. Large sample size.

The greater the sample sizes the more reliable data analysis. This is to avoid biases in interpreting
the results. It also requires normal population curve. A minimum of 20% of the population can be
used of as respondents of a research.

6. Data can be used to predict future outcomes or forecast.

Through complex mathematical calculations and through the aid of computers and formulated
formulas scenarios can be predicting future results.

7. Data can be used to verify existing facts and develop new concepts.
A research can be validate an existing fact. In some cases research can be used to develop new ideas
needed to make life more comfortable.

Strengths of Quantitative Research

1. Since it is objective and provides numerical data, it can’t be easily misinterpreted.

In other words, RESULT BASE, YOU CANNOT GUESS OR PREDICT, whatever the results it should be
followed, because of the bigger number of the sample the result or the finding are more reliable and
valid.

2. Statistical techniques was used to facilitate sophisticated analysis and allows you to
comprehend a huge amount of vital characteristics of data.

So, to make it easy to interpret the result if it is complicated most especially a big number of
respondent/population there’s a statistical techniques like the measure of central tendency and
correlation will help us to interpret the results.

3. The data in quantitative research can be analyzed in a quick and easy way.

With the use of statistically valid random models, findings can be generalized to the population
about which information necessary.

So quantitative experiment filter out external factors. It properly design so the result gain can be
seen as real and unbiased

4. By using questionnaire, checklist, test or standardized instrument the data can be

gathered in a quick and easy way.
There are many ways to gathered data in a quick and easy way, questioner, checklist, test or
standardized instrument, it is organized and it is easy for us to collect the data needed. In
quantitative research those are the possible instrument that we can use to gathered data.

Weakness of Quantitative Research

There are disadvantages in Quantitative Research

 It requires a large number of respondents.

The larger sample size, the more or better the statistical findings are.
So quantitative research is time consuming, because a number/ large size of respondents to ask to
gathered data, the respondents will individually talk, individually to look for/to find, and you need to
explain them individually. You have to spent longer time in this research.

 It is costly.

So, due to very large sample, the expenses will be greater in reaching out to these people and in
reproducing the questioner.

For example you have 100 respondents, you have to print more because they are given individually,

And aside from that if you use questioner it should be validated first by the experts and of course you
have to pay them, it’s costly,

(MAGASTOS)

Daghang pages ang questioner

Lajo imong respondents
Not mathematician injong teacher

 Elaboration on contextual is not factors can help results or to explain variations.

In quantitative research there is no need to elaborate or have sharing of thoughts for further
information, it is straight forward unlike QUALITATIVE

SO HERE in quantitative research since it is numerical, so if what is the result yon na! Unlike
qualitative you can give wide explanations to your findings

 If the made questionnaire was not done seriously and correctly the data will be invalid and
inaccurate.

So as what I have said you need validator to validate instrument you will use in gathering data,
because if it is not validated by the experts there is a possible that the results is not
accurate/exact/correct specially if your research is experimental.

 Researchers must be watchful on respondents who are just guessing in answering the
research instrument as some of them may not reveal the real response due to ethical issues.

Especially if the respondents is your friends/classmates, member of the family sometimes they did
not make it serious answering your if you use questioner, so you have to explain them clearly what
to do make it effective.

Now who can differentiate quantitative and qualitative research?

Okay Quantitative allows you to TEST HYPOTHESIS, so you can expect to see data
collected with this approach will mainly be expressed in numbers and graphs.
This also required LARGE SAMPLE SIZE, these numbers are then analyzed through math
and statistical analysis.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Test hypothesis(an assumption, an idea that is Formulate hypothesis

proposed for the sake of argument so that it can be
tested to see if it might be true)

Expressed in numbers Expressed in words

Larger sample size Smaller sample size

Math/ statistical analysis Summarize, categorize, interpret

On the other hand, qualitative research allows you to formulate hypothesis

So yes it is opposite to quantitative research, this approach will yield data that expressed in
words

Also requires fewer respondents

The data is then analyzed by summarizing, categorizing and interpreting.

Now you know the differences but when to use which?

If your goal is to CONFIRM or TEST THEORY OR HYPOTHESIS yore most likely going to opt for
quantitative research

BUT if you want to understand or explore an idea then you should go for the qualitative
approach.

IMPORTANT NOTES

NEXT LESSON: KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

PROVIDE: PLASTIC FOLDER

CLOSING PRAYER

Thank you lord for all the things we have learned today.

Guide us in our way home.

AMEN