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About The First 15 Elements in Periodic Table

The document describes the properties of several chemical elements including hydrogen, helium, lithium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, and sulfur. It provides each element's symbol, atomic number, physical state, color, and other basic chemical properties. Many of the elements are gases, while others are solids or metalloids, and they vary in terms of reactivity, density, abundance in the universe, and importance for life processes.

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NAMISH MAHAKUL
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130 views

About The First 15 Elements in Periodic Table

The document describes the properties of several chemical elements including hydrogen, helium, lithium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, and sulfur. It provides each element's symbol, atomic number, physical state, color, and other basic chemical properties. Many of the elements are gases, while others are solids or metalloids, and they vary in terms of reactivity, density, abundance in the universe, and importance for life processes.

Uploaded by

NAMISH MAHAKUL
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HYDROGEN

It is colorless, odorless, tasteless,


[8]
non-toxic, and highly combustible.
Hydrogen is the most
abundant chemical substance in
the universe, constituting roughly 75%
of all normal matter.[9][note 1] Stars such
as the Sun are mainly composed of
hydrogen in the plasma state.

HELIUM
is a chemical element with
the symbol He and atomic number 2.
It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless,
non-toxic, inert, monatomic gas and
the first in the noble gas group in
the periodic table.[a] Its boiling point is
the lowest among all the elements,
and it does not have a melting point at
standard pressure. It is the second
lightest and second most abundant
element in the observable universe,
after hydrogen.

LITHUM
is a chemical element with
the symbol Li and atomic number 3. It
is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal.
Under standard conditions, it is the
least dense metal and the least dense
solid element. Like all alkali metals,
lithium is highly reactive and
flammable
BORON
Boron is a chemical element with
the symbol B and atomic number 5. In
its crystalline form it is a brittle, dark,
lustrous metalloid. Boron is
synthesized entirely by cosmic ray
spallation and supernovae

CARBON
Carbon (from Latin carbo 'coal') is
a chemical element with
the symbol C and atomic number 6.It
is nonmetallic. It was known in
prehistoric times in the form of
charcoal and soot.
NITROGEN
Nitrogen is the chemical element with
the symbol N and atomic number 7.
Nitrogen is a nonmetal and the
lightest member of group 15 of the
periodic table, often called the
pnictogens. It is a common element in
the universe,

OXYGEN
Oxygen is the chemical element with
the symbol O and atomic number 8.
Oxygen is Earth's most abundant
element, and
after hydrogen and helium, it is the
third-most abundant element in the
universe. Oxygen makes up almost
half of the Earth's crust in the form of
oxides.[3]All plants, animals,
and fungus need oxygen for living.

FLUORINE
Fluorine is a chemical element with
the symbol F and atomic number 9. It
is the lightest halogen and exists
at standard conditions as a highly
toxic, pale yellow diatomic gas. As the
most electronegative reactive
element, it is extremely reactive, as it
reacts with all other elements except
for the light inert gases.
NEON
Neon is a chemical element with
the symbol Ne and atomic number 10.
It is a noble gas.[11] Neon is a
colorless, odorless, inert monatomic
gas.colorless gas exhibiting an
orange-red glow when placed in an
electric field

SODIUM
Sodium is a chemical element with
the symbol Na (from Latin natrium)
and atomic number 11. It is a soft,
silvery-white, highly reactive metal.
The free metal does not occur in
nature, and must be prepared from
compounds. Sodium is the sixth most
abundant element in the Earth's
crust and exists in
numerous minerals such
as feldspars, sodalite, and halite.

MAGNESIUM
The name derives from Magnesia, a
district in the north-eastern region of
Greece called Thessalia. The Scottish
chemist Joseph Black recognized it as
a separate element in 1755. Although
it is the eighth most abundant element
in the universe and the seventh most
abundant element in the earth's crust,
magnesium is never found free in
nature
ALUMINUM
Aluminium (aluminum in North
American English) is a chemical
element with
the symbol Al and atomic
number 13.Pure aluminum, a silvery-
white metal, possesses many
desirable characteristics. It is light, it is
nonmagnetic and nonsparking, stands
second among metals in the scale of
malleability, and sixth in ductility. It has
a great affinity
towards oxygen, forming a protective
layer of oxide on the surface when
exposed to air. Aluminium visually
resembles silver, both in its color and
in its great ability to reflect light. It is
soft, nonmagnetic and ductile.
SILICON
Silicon is a chemical element with
the symbol Si and atomic number 14. It
is
a tetravalent metalloid and semiconduc
tor. Two allotropes of silicon exist at
room temperature: amorphous and
crystalline. Amorphous appears as a
brown powder while crystalline silicon
has a metallic luster and a grayish
color. Amorphous silicon was
discovered by the Swedish chemist
Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1824.
PHOSPHOR
US
Phosphorus is a chemical
element with the symbol P and atomic
number 15. Elemental phosphorus
exists in two major forms, white
phosphorus and red phosphorus, but
because it is highly reactive,
phosphorus is never found as a free
element on Earth. Phosphorus has
three main allotropes: white, red and
black. White phosphorus is poisonous
and can spontaneously ignite when it
comes in contact with air.
SULFUR
Sulfur (or sulphur in British English) is
a chemical element with
the symbol S and atomic number 16.
The name derives from the
Latin sulphurium and the
Sanskrit sulveri. Sulfur is pale yellow,
odorless, brittle solid, which is
insoluble in water but soluble in carbon
disulfide. It
is abundant, multivalent and nonmetalli
c. Sulfur is the tenth most abundant
element by mass in the universe and
the fifth most on Earth. Historically and
in literature sulfur is also
called brimstone,[5] which means
"burning stone".It quickly deadens the
sense of smell. Sulfur dioxide is a
dangerous component in atmospheric
air pollution.

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