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ARTS

QUARTER 1 – MODULE 3
MELCs:
• Reflects on and derive the mood, idea, or message from selected
artworks;
• Explains the role or function of artworks by evaluating their utilization
and combination of art elements and principles;
• Uses artworks to derive the traditions/history of the various art
movements; and
• Compares the characteristics of artworks produced in the various art
movements.
PART I.

A. Introduction
In the previous lesson, you are aware of the different characteristics of the artworks, on how
they derived the mood, idea and the message conveyed on the selected artworks. It is important to
know the basic art elements for better understanding. It is concurrent that in this lesson, you will be
able to identify the mood, idea, and message of an artwork based on the different art elements and
principles, explain the role or function of these different art elements and principles in a given
artwork and what idea, mood or message it conveys to the viewers.
B. Discussion
Impressionism
• an art movement that emerged in the second half of the 19th century among a group of Paris-based
artists
• was coined from the title of a work by French painter Claude Monet, Impression, soleil levant (in
English, Impression, Sunrise).
• precisely captured what this group of artists sought to represent in their works: the viewer’s
momentary “impression” of an image. It was not intended to be clear or precise, but more like a fleeting
fragment of reality caught on canvas, sometimes in mid-motion, at other times awkwardly positioned—just
as it would be in real life.
• The Influence of French painter Eugène Delacroix
• Impressionism: A Break from Past Painting Traditions
1. Color and Light
2. “Everyday” Subjects
3. Painting Outdoors
4. Open Composition
5. The Influence of Photography
Expressionism
Expressionist artists created works with more emotional force, rather than with realistic or natural
images. To achieve this, they distorted outlines, applied strong colors, and exaggerated forms. They worked
more with their imagination and feelings, rather than with what their eyes saw in the physical world. Among
the various styles that arose within the expressionist art movements were:
1. neoprimitivism 4. surrealism
2. fauvism 5. social realism
3. dadaism

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Abstractionism
• Oval Still Life (Le Violon)
Grouped under abstractionism are the following art styles:
1. cubism 3. mechanicalstyle
2. futurism 4. nonobjectivism
Abstract Expressionism, Pop Art, Op Art
The result was the establishment of what came to be known as “The New York School”—as opposed
to “The School of Paris” that had been very influential in Europe. The daring young artists in this movement
succeeded in creating their own synthesis of Europe’s cubist and surrealist styles.
C. Readings
1. IMPRESSIONISM
By the 1870s, the stage was set for the emergence of the next major art movement in Europe,
impressionism. It started with a group of French painters—that included Edouard Manet, Claude Monet,
Auguste Renoir—and eventually spread to other countries, such as Italy, Germany, and The Netherlands.
A. Edouard Manet
Edouard Manet (1832-1883) was one of the first 19th century artists to depict modern-life subjects.
He was a key figure in the transition from realism to impressionism, with a number of his works considered
as marking the birth of modern art.
Argenteuil Rue Mosnier
Decked with Flags Edouard
Manet, 1874 Edouard Manet,
1878
Café Concert, The Bar at the Folies-Bergere
Edouard Manet 1878 Edouard Manet, 1882
B. Claude Monet
Claude Monet (1840-1926) was one of the founders of the impressionist movement along with his
friends Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sisley, and Frédéric Bazille. He was the most prominent of the group; and is
considered the most influential figure in the movement. Monet is best known for his landscape paintings,
particularly those depicting his beloved flower gardens and water lily ponds at his home in Giverny.
La Promenade, The Red Boats, Argenteuil Claude Monet, 1875 Claude Monet, 1875

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 Bridge over a Pond of Water Lilies, Irises in Monet’s Garden Claude Monet, 1899 Claude Monet, 1900
C. Auguste Renoir
Auguste Renoir (1841-1919), along with Claude Monet, was one of the central figures of the
impressionist movement. His early works were snapshots of real life, full of sparkling color and light. By the
mid-1880s, however, Renoir broke away from the impressionist movement to apply a more disciplined,
formal technique to portraits of actual people and figure paintings.

Dancer, A Girl with a Watering Can Auguste Renoir, 1874 Auguste Renoir, 1876

Mlle Irene Cahen d’Anvers Luncheon of the Boating Party Auguste Renoir, 1880 Auguste Renoir, 1881

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2. POST-IMPRESSIONISM
The European artists who were at the forefront of this movement continued using the basic qualities
of the impressionists before them—the vivid colors, heavy brush strokes, and true-to-life subjects. However,
they expanded and experimented with these in bold new ways, like using a geometric approach, fragmenting
objects and distorting people’s faces and body parts, and applying colors that were not necessarily realistic
or natural. Two of the foremost post-impressionists were PaulCézanne and Vincent van Gogh.
A. Paul Cezanne
Paul Cézanne (1839–1906) was a French artist and post-impressionist painter. His work exemplified
the transition from late 19th-century impressionism to a new and radically different world of art in the 20th
century—paving the way for the next revolutionary art movement known as expressionism.

Hortense Fiquet in a Striped Skirt, Paul Cezanne, 1878, Oil

on canvas
Still Life with Compotier, Paul Cezanne, 1879-1882, Oil on
canvas

Harlequin, Paul Cezanne, 1888-1890, Oil on canvas

Boy in a Red Vest Paul Cezanne, 1890, Oil on canvas

B. Vincent Van Gogh

Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890) was a post-impressionist
painter from The Netherlands. His works were remarkable for their
strong, heavy brush strokes, intense emotions, and colors that
appeared to almost pulsate with energy. Van Gogh’s striking style
was to have a far-reaching influence on 20th century art, with his
works becoming among the most recognized in the world.
Sheaves of Wheat in a Field, Vincent van Gogh, 1885
The Sower, Vincent van Gogh, 1888
Still Life: Vase with Fifteen Sunflowers, Vincent van Gogh, 1888
Bedroom at Arles, Vincent van Gogh, 1888
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 Starry Night, Vincent van Gogh, 1889
Wheat Field with Cypresses, Vincent van Gogh, 1889

3. EXPRESSIONISM
In the early 1900s, there arose in the Western art world a movement that came to be known as
expressionism. Expressionist artists created works with more emotional force, rather than with realistic or
natural images. To achieve this, they distorted outlines, applied strong colors, and exaggerated forms. They
worked more with their imagination and feelings, rather than with what their eyes saw in the physical world.
A. Neoprimitivism
• an art style that incorporated elements from the native arts of
the South Sea Islanders and the wood carvings of African tribes which
suddenly became popular at that time. Among the Western artists who
adapted these elements was Amedeo Modigliani, who used the oval faces and
elongated shapes of African art in both his sculptures and paintings.

B. Fauvism
• a style that used bold, vibrant colors and visual
distortions. Its name was derived from les fauves (“wild beasts”),
referring to the group of French expressionist painters who painted
in this style. Perhaps the most known among them was Henri
Matisse.

C. Dadaism
• a style characterized by dream fantasies, memory
images, and visual tricks and surprises. Although the works
appeared playful, the movement arose from the pain that a group of
European artists felt after the suffering brought by World War I.
Wishing to protest against the civilization that had brought on such
horrors, these artists rebelled against established norms and
authorities, and against the traditional styles in art. They chose the

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 child’s term for hobbyhorse, dada, to refer to their new “non-style.”
D. Surrealism
• a style that depicted an illogical, subconscious
dream world beyond the logical, conscious, physical one. Its name
came from the term “super realism,” with its artworks clearly
expressing a departure from reality—as though the artists were
dreaming, seeing illusions, or experiencing an altered mental state.
Many surrealist works depicted morbid or gloomy subjects,
as in those by Salvador Dali. Others were quite playful and even
humorous, such as those by Paul Klee and Joan Miro.

E. Social Realism
• expressed the artist’s role in social reform. Artists used their works to
protest against the injustices, inequalities, immorality, and ugliness of the human
condition. In different periods of history, social realists have addressed different issues:
war, poverty, corruption, industrial and environmental hazards, and more—in the hope of
raising people’s awareness and pushing society to seek reforms.
Ben Shahn’s Miners’ Wives, for example, spoke out against
the hazardous conditions faced by coal miners, after a tragic
accident killed 111 workers in Illinois in 1947, leaving their wives
and children in mourning.
Pablo Picasso’s Guernica has been recognized as the most
monumental and comprehensive statement of social realism against
the brutality of war. It made use of the exaggeration, distortion, and shock technique of expressionism. At
the same time, it had elements of the emerging style that would later be known as cubism.
4. ABSTRACTIONISM
The abstractionist movement arose from the intellectual points of view in the 20th century. In the
world of science, physicists were formulating a new view of the universe, which resulted in the concepts of
space-time and relativity. This intellectualism was reflected even in art. While expressionism was emotional,
abstractionism was logical and rational. It involved analyzing, detaching, selecting, and simplifying.

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 In 20th century abstractionism, natural appearances became unimportant. Artists reduced a scene into
geometrical shapes, patterns, lines, angles, textures and swirls of color. The resulting works ranged from
representational abstractionism, depicting still recognizable subjects, to pure abstractionism, where no
recognizable subject could be discerned.
A. Cubism
• derived its name from the cube, a three dimensional
geometric figure composed of strictly measured lines, planes, and
angles. Cubist artworks were, therefore, a play of planes and angles
on a flat surface. Foremost among the cubists was Spanish
painter/sculptor Pablo Picasso.
The cubists analyzed their subjects’ basic geometrical forms, and broke them up into a series of
planes. Then they re-assembled these planes, tilting and interlocking them in different ways.
B. Futurism
• began in Italy in the early 1900s. As the name implies, the futurists created
art for a fast-paced, machine-propelled age. They admired the motion, force, speed, and
strength of mechanical forms. Thus, their works depicted the dynamic sensation of all
these—as can be seen in the works of Italian painter Gino Severini.

C. Mechanical Style
• basic forms such as planes, cones, spheres, and cylinders all fit
together precisely and neatly in their appointed places. This can be seen in the
works of Fernand Léger. Mechanical parts such as crankshafts, cylinder blocks,
and pistons are brightened only by the use of primary colors. Otherwise, they are
lifeless.
D. Nonobjectivism
• “non-object” works in this style did not make use of figures or even
representations of figures. They did not refer to recognizable objects or forms in the
outside world.
Lines, shapes, and colors were used in a cool, impersonal approach that aimed
for balance, unity, and stability. Colors were mainly black, white, and the primaries
(red, yellow, and blue). Foremost among the nonobjectivists was Dutch painter Piet Mondrian. New York
City Piet Mondrian, 1942 Oil on canvas

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5. ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM, POP ART, OP ART
World events in the mid-20th century immensely influenced the course of human life and, with it, the
course of art history. World War I (1913-1914) and World War II (1941-1945), in particular, shifted the
political, economic, and cultural world stage away from Europe and on to the “New World” continent,
America.
The New York School
A. Action Painting
One form of abstract expressionism was seen in the works of Jackson
Pollock. These were created through what came to be known as “action
painting.”
Pollock worked on huge canvases spread on the floor, splattering,
squirting, and dribbling paint with (seemingly) no pre-planned pattern or
design in mind. The total effect is one of vitality, creativity, “energy made visible.”

Autumn Rhythm Jackson Pollock, 1950 Oil on canvas

B. Color Field Painting

In contrast to the vigorous gestures of the action painters,
another group of artists who came to be known as “color field
painters” used different color saturations (purity, vividness,
intensity) to create their desired effects. Some of their works were
huge fields of vibrant color—as in the paintings of Mark Rothko
and Barnett Newman.
Others took the more intimate “pictograph” approach,
filling the canvas with repeating picture fragments or symbols—as
in the works of Adolph Gottlieb and Lee Krasner.

After “The New York School”

By the early 1960s, the momentum of The New York School slowed down. In its place, a new crop
of artists came on the scene using lighter treatment and flashes of humor, even irreverence, in their artworks.
A. Neodadaism, Pop Art, Op Art

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 Like the dadaist movement that arose after World War I, the
neodadaism of the 1960s wanted to make reforms in traditional values.
It also made use of commonplace, trivial, even nonsensical objects. But
unlike the angry, serious tone of the original dadaists, the neodadaists
seemed to enjoy nonsense for its own sake and simply wanted to laugh
at the world.
Their works ranged from paintings, to posters, to collages, to three-
dimensional “assemblages” and installations. These made use of easily
recognizable objects and images from the emerging consumer society—as
in the prints of Andy Warhol. Their inspirations were the celebrities,
advertisements, billboards, and comic strips that were becoming
commonplace at that time. Hence the term pop (from “popular”) art
emerged.
Roy Lichtenstein (1923-1997) was an American pop artist. During
the 1960s, along with Andy Warhol, Jasper Johns, and James Rosenquist among others, he became a leading
figure in this new art movement.
B. Conceptual Art
As the term implies, conceptual art was that which arose in the mind of
the artist, took concrete form for a time, and then disappeared (unless it was
captured in photo or film documentation). Conceptualists questioned the idea of
art as objects to be bought and sold. Instead, they brought their artistic ideas to
life temporarily, using such unusual materials as grease, blocks of ice, food,
even just plain dirt.

C. Op Art
This was yet another experiment in visual experience—a form of “action painting,”
with the action taking place in the viewer’s eye. In op art, lines, spaces, and colors were
precisely planned and positioned to give the illusion of movement.
Current BridgetRiley, 1964 Synthetic polymer paint on composition board
6. CONTEMPORARY ARTS FORMS
The 20th century also saw the rise of new art forms aside from the traditional ones of painting and
sculpture. Among these were installation art and performance art. Installation art makes use of space and
materials in truly innovative ways, while performance art makes use of the human body, facial expressions,

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gestures, and sounds. Both speak powerfully about contemporary issues, challenging their viewers to
respond.
A. Installation Art
• a contemporary art form that uses sculptural materials
and other media to modify the way the viewer experiences a particular
space. Usually lifesize or sometimes even larger, installation art is not
necessarily confined to gallery spaces. It can be constructed or
positioned in everyday public or private spaces, both indoor and
outdoor.
Materials used in today’s installation art range from everyday
items and natural materials to new media such as video, sound, performance, and computers.
It may be said that primitive forms of this art have existed
since prehistoric times. However, this genre was not regarded as a
distinct category until the mid-20th century and only came to
prominence in the 1970s. The installation artist’s manipulation of
space and materials has also been called “environmental art,”
“project art,” and “temporary art.”
Essentially, installation art creates an entire sensory
experience for the viewer. Many installations are of a size and
structure that the viewer can actually walk through them, and
experience varying facets of the work in stages.

B. Performance Art
• a form of modern art in which the actions of an
individual or a group at a particular place and in a particular time
constitute the work. It can happen anywhere, at any time, or for
any length of time. It can be any situation that involves four basic
elements: time space the performer’s body a
relationship between performer and audience.
Performance art does include such activities as theater, dance, music, mime, juggling, and
gymnastics. However, the term is usually reserved for more unexpected, avantgarde, and unorthodox

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activities intended to capture the audience’s attention. The performer himself or herself is the artist, rather
than an actor playing a character as in a stage play.
The performance venue may range from an art gallery or museum to a theater, café, bar, or street
corner. The performance itself rarely follows a traditional storyline or plot.

PART II. Activity Proper

Activity 1. Who What Where?
Directions: Identify what is being asked in the following statements.
1-3. Name three of the most prominent artists of the impressionist movement.
4-5. Who were two of the most famous post-impressionists?
6-7. Where did neoprimitivism get its influences?
8. Who is the French artist famous for his fauvist style?
9. Who is considered the most famous abstractionist and cubist artist?
10. What style of painting is Salvador Dali known for?

Activity 2. KWL
Directions: Write the concept/s that YOU KNOW under the “K” column; “W” for WHAT YOU
WANT TO LEARN column; and “L” for WHAT YOU LEARNED column on the following Modern Art
Movements.

TOPIC What I KNOW? What I WANT to learn? What I LEARNED?

“K” “W” “L”
1. Impressionism

2. Post-impressionism

3. Expressionism

4. Abstractionism

5. Abstract
Expressionism, Pop
Art, Op Art
6. Contemporary Arts
Forms

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 13
ACTIVITY 1
1-3. Edouard Manet, Claude Monet, Auguste Renoir
4-5. Paul Cézanne and Vincent van Gogh
6-7. Native arts of the South Sea Islanders and the wood carvings of African tribes
8. Henri Matisse
9. Pablo Picasso
10. Surrealism
ACTIVITY 2
Answers may vary.
KEY TO CORRECTIONS:
PART III. SUMMATIVE EVALUATION

A. TRUE or FALSE
Directions: Read and understand the sentence. Think clearly and answer T if you believe that the statement
is correct and F if you believe that the statement is incorrect.
_________1. The main contribution of expressionism to modern art was to popularize the idea of
subjectivity in painting and sculpture, and to show that representational art may legitimately include
subjective distortion.
_________2. Surrealism was the fashionable art movement of the inter-war years, although the style is still
seen today.
_________3. Surrealism to modern art was to generate refreshingly old set of images.
_________4. A broad art of abstract painting, developed in New York just after World War II, hence it is
called the New York School.
_________5. The main contribution of abstract expressionism was to popularize abstraction.
_________6. Modern artist are first to develop collage art, assorted forms of assemblage, a variety of kinetic
art.
_________7. Impressionism focused on the almost impossible task of capturing fleeting moments of light
and colour.
_________8. The main contribution of Impressionism to modern art was to legitimize the use of naturalist
colours.
_________9. Fauvism was the fashionable style during the mid-1900s in Paris.
_________10. The main contribution of Fauvism to modern art was to demonstrate the independent power
of colour.
B. IDENTIFICATION
Directions: Identify what is being described. Choose your answer from the box. Write the correct
answer on the space provided before the number.
• Ben Shahn • Flash Mob
• Cubism • Pablo Picasso
• Dadaism • Pop Art

________________________1. the foremost cubist artist

________________________2. style characterized by dream fantasies, memory images, and visual tricks
and surprises
________________________3. art inspired by celebrities, advertisements, billboards, and comic strips that
were becoming commonplace at that time
________________________4. uses basic geometrical forms, and broke them up into a series of planes
________________________5. What happens when an individual or group of ordinary people started
dancing unexpectedly?
 C. POP ART TIME
Directions:
1. Prepare your materials – 1 short coupon bond; old colored magazines, newspapers, or calendars; scissors;
glue or paste; watercolors, acrylic paints, poster colors, crayons, or pastels; #8 paintbrushes and/or sponges.
2. Select a “popular” subject for your artwork (e.g., a product, a celebrity, a movie or television character, a
sport, a place, a brand name, etc.). Plan how this will be depicted using your available materials.
3. Cut out images, letters, etc. from the magazines, newspapers, or calendars, and glue or paste them on the
short coupon bond. Color the surrounding background with watercolors, poster colors, or any available
paints. You may add details with crayons or pastels.
4. Decide on a title for your artwork.
5. Describe your output by answering the following:
- art elements and principles used
- compare your artwork with the various art movements
6. Rubrics will be used to rate the activity.

DISTINGUISHED PROFICIENT COMPETENT EMERGING

RUBRIC SCORE
(15pts) (13 pts) (12 pts) (10 pt)
Art work is neat
Art work is somewhat
Craftsmanship

Art work is impeccable and shows very Art work is messy and
messy and shows
and shows no evidence of little evidence of shows smudge marks
either smudge marks
smudge mark, rip, tears, smudge marks, rips, and rips, tears and
or rips, tears, or folds.
or folds. No erasure lines tears, or folds. A folds. Erasure lines
Some erasure lines
showing. few erasure lines showing.
showing.
showing.
Artwork shows a mastery Art work shows
Technique/ Art

of advanced techniques good technique. All Art work shows some Art work lacks
Concepts

in composition. All objects are in technique and techniques and or

objects are placed in correct place. Paper understanding of art understanding of art
correct space. Paper is is drawn on leaving concepts. Paper is concepts. Paper is left
completely drawn on and some undone half-filled. mainly blank.
shows background. background.
Artwork shows some Art work shows little
Artwork reflects high Artwork reflects
evidence of originality or no evidence of
Creativity

level of originality. originality. Student

thought. Student uses original form. Student
Student uses line, uses line, shading
line, shading or form does not use line,
shading or form in a or form in an
in a slightly original shading or form in a
highly original form. original form.
manner. creative manner.
Limited content with
Ideas and Content

Substantial, specific Sufficiently limited elaboration or

There is no clear or
and/or illustrative content develop content explanation. More
specific explanation of
demonstrating strong with adequate specific information is
answer to the
(deep) analysis of the elaboration or needed or needed to
question.
topics. explanation. follow the directions
more closely.

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 DIVISION SELF LEARNING MODULES (SLM)
ARTS 10 - QUARTER 1 – MODULE 3
ANSWER KEY: SUMMATIVE EVALUATION

A.

1. T 6. T
2. T 7. T
3. F 8. T
4. T 9. T
5. T 10. T

B.

1. Pablo Picasso
2. Dadaism
3. Pop Art
4. Cubism
5. Flash Mob

C. Answers may vary. Rubrics will be used.

References:

A. Books
▪ Sunico, Raul M., et.al. 2015. HORIZONS Grade 10 Learner’s Materials Music and Arts
Appreciation for Young Filipinos. Quezon City: Tawid Publications.
B. Online and Other Sources
▪ DepEd LRMDS. https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/pdf-view/16404