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DNA & Protein Synthesis 1 QP

The document discusses the processes of protein synthesis and transcription. It provides multiple choice questions about the components of DNA, RNA, and mononucleotides. It also includes a messenger RNA sequence and asks about the maximum number of amino acids that could be produced from it and the number of different tRNA molecules required. Finally, it asks for three differences between the structures of DNA and RNA.
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100% found this document useful (1 vote)
69 views5 pages

DNA & Protein Synthesis 1 QP

The document discusses the processes of protein synthesis and transcription. It provides multiple choice questions about the components of DNA, RNA, and mononucleotides. It also includes a messenger RNA sequence and asks about the maximum number of amino acids that could be produced from it and the number of different tRNA molecules required. Finally, it asks for three differences between the structures of DNA and RNA.
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1 The polynucleotides, DNA and RNA, are involved in the process of protein synthesis.

(a) For each of the statements below, put a cross in the box that corresponds to
the correct statement.
(i) A mononucleotide consists of three components represented by the diagrams
below.

base pentose sugar phosphate group

The diagram that shows the correct arrangement of these components in a


mononucleotide is
(1)

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(ii) During transcription of the section of DNA shown below, a single base is
paired incorrectly.

C- T -A-A-C- T -G-C-A
This transcription error results in an mRNA molecule with the following
sequence.
(1)
A C-A- T - T -G-A-C-G- T

B G-A-U-U-C-A-C-G-U

C G-A-U-U-G-A-C-G-U

D G- T -U-U-G-U-C-G-U

(iii) The following stages occur in the production of a protein from a section of DNA:
1. the mRNA molecule leaves the nucleus
2. peptide bonds form between adjacent amino acids
3. the base sequence is transcribed
4. the tRNA anticodons pair with the mRNA codons.
The sequence of events occurs in the following order.
(1)
A 1 3 4 2
B 2 4 1 3
C 3 1 4 2
D 3 4 1 2

(b) The diagram below shows the sequence of bases in part of a messenger RNA
molecule that codes for the amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

A-U-G-G-C-C-U-C-G - A - U - A - A - C - G - G - C - C - A - C - C - A - C - C

(i) State the maximum number of amino acids in the polypeptide chain
produced from this part of the messenger RNA molecule.
(1)

. . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) State the number of different tRNA molecules that would be used to produce
the polypeptide chain from this part of the messenger RNA molecule.
(1)

. . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(c) State three differences between the structure of DNA and the structure of RNA.
(3)

1 ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 1 = 8 marks)

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2 One function of DNA is to act as a template for the synthesis of messenger RNA.

(a) State what is meant by the term template for the synthesis of messenger RNA.
(1)

. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Place a cross in the box to complete each of the following statements.

(i) DNA and mRNA both


(1)
A contain ribose
B contain thymine
C have a double helix structure
D have a sugar-phosphate chain

(ii) One advantage of DNA having two complementary strands is that


(1)
A diploid cells can inherit DNA from both parents
B hydrolysis of DNA is faster
C semi-conservative replication is possible
D transcription and replication can occur at the same time

(iii) Analysis of a sample of DNA found that 40% of the nucleotides contained
cytosine. In the same sample of DNA the percentage of nucleotides
containing adenine would be
(1)
A 10%
B 20%
C 40%
D 60%

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(c) The DNA base sequence for part of a gene is shown below.

A C T T C G C C C G A

Write the mRNA base sequence produced from this sequence of bases.
(2)

(d) Describe three differences between the processes of replication and transcription
of DNA.
(3)

1 ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 2 = 9 marks)

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