Poster Session 1 / 49

Fast Scan Fourier Transform Michelson Interferometer System for SST-1 Tokamak

Authors: Abhishek Sinha ; Dusmanta Mohanta ; Manisha Bhandarkar ; Surya K Pathak ; Sonam
Sharma ; Imran Mansuri ; Pratibha Gupta

1 Institute for Plasma Research

2 L D College of engineering

3 Institute for Plamsa research Corresponding Author: [email protected]

A fast scan Fourier transform Michelson interferometer system has been installed on SST-1 tokamak.
The diagnostic determines electron temperature profile and its evolution by measuring electron
cyclotron emissions (ECE) from plasma. This is the first diagnostic on SST-1 to probe higher
harmonics of the ECE radiations in 70-500 GHz frequency range. During plasma operation, every 17
ms the system generates an electron temperate profile with a spectral resolution of 3.66 GHz. The
paper addresses different aspects of the diagnostic which have been realized successfully to make
Michelson interferometer operational for ECE measurements on SST-1 for the first time. These are -
Design and development of wave collection and transport system, In-lab / absolute calibration of the
diagnostic & Development and characterization of a new high temperature black body calibration
source. A new wave collection and transport system (WCTS) has been designed and employed to
transport signal from SST-1 hall to diagnostics lab. To reduce transmission losses, the layout of
transmission line has been done using oversized S-band waveguides and mitre bends in TE01 mode.
The design Page 13 21st joint workshop on electron cyclotron emission (ECE) and electron … / Book
of Abstracts and simulation of the WCTS is done using CST microwave studio. Insertion and return
loss determined through simulation in the frequency range 70-170 GHz have been verified with
laboratory measurements. In-lab and absolute calibration of the diagnostics has been carried out
with hot-cold technique [1, 2] in the frequency range 70-500 GHz by periodic switching between the
cold source (at 77 K) and room temperature source. Digital signal filtering and coherent averaging of
the raw data is done to obtain difference interferograms. The difference interferograms are Fourier
transformed and by using Rayleigh-Jeans law and the sensitivity of the diagnostics is determined [1].
The in-lab and absolute calibration factors have been successfully determined and the presence of
water absorption lines was observed at its expected frequencies which deteriorate the signal
strength around 556 and 752 GHz. The measured calibration factor has been shown in Figure-1 with
significant signal strength up to 1 THz. To reduce the averaging time and improve the signal to noise
ratio during absolute calibration, a new high temperature black body source at 873 K with silicon
carbide emitter has been developed with a maximum surface temperature variation of 15 K.
Radiation temperature of the calibration source has been measured and radiation losses have been
calculated in the entire frequency range. Figure-2 shows the radiation temperature of the high
temperature source as a function of frequency. The radiation temperature is found to be about 125
K below the black body physical temperature due to radiation losses. The results obtained in each
section above will be presented and discussed in the paper in detail. The diagnostic is ready for
plasma operation during the upcoming SST-1 experimental campaign and will determine electron
temperature profile and its evolution with time.

References [1] Schmuck S, Fessey J, Gerbaud T, Alper B, Beurskens MN, Luna E, Electron cyclotron
emission measurements on JET: Michelson interferometer, new absolute calibration, and
determination of electron temperature.
[2] S. Schmuck1 , J. Fessey ,L. Figini and JET EFDA Contributors, Implication of Absolute Calibration
for Michelson Interferometer ECE Diagnostic at JET for ITER

https://indico.iter.org/event/2/book-of-abstracts.pdf

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