Name: Muhammad Rafay

Registration #: IIEE-1397/IE/2020
University: IIEE, NED UET KHI

PTCL Internship at Basti Exchange Wah Cantt

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 Abstract:
The internship at PTCL in Basti Wah Cantt provided valuable insights into the
telecommunications industry, focusing on GPON and Flash Fiber technologies. This report
outlines the objectives, experiences, and achievements during the internship period from May
19th to June 20th.

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 Table of Contents:

1. Introduction
2. CompanyProfile
3. Internship Objectives
4. Scope of Work
5. Learning andExperiences
6. Achievements
7. TeamCollaboration
8. Technologies and ToolsUsed
9. Conclusion
10. Acknowledgments

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 Introduction
During the period of May 19th to June 20th, I had the privilege of undertaking an enriching
and insightful internship at PTCL (Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited) located
in Basti Wah Cantt. As an intern in this renowned telecommunications company, I had the
opportunity to delve into the world of cutting-edge technologies, with a specific focus on
GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) and Flash Fiber. This internship report aims to
provide an overview of my experiences, the projects I worked on, and the invaluable
knowledge gained during my time at PTCL. Throughout this report, I will share the
objectives of my internship, the scope of work, the challenges faced, key achievements, and
the ways in which this opportunity has contributed to my personal and professional growth in
the telecommunicationsfield.

Company Profile
Established in 1947, PTCL (Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited) stands as the
leading telecommunications and information communication technology (ICT) services
provider in Pakistan. With a legacy spanning over seven decades, PTCL has played a pivotal
role in transforming the nation's communication landscape. As a state-owned enterprise,
PTCL has been at the forefront of providing reliable and innovative services to millions of
customers across the country. The company's vision centres on bridging the digital divide
and empowering individuals and businesses alike through state-of-the-art connectivity
solutions.
PTCL's extensive network infrastructure encompasses a wide range of services, including
voice telephony, internet, data, and multimedia communications. Embracing the latest
advancements, PTCL has been at the forefront of introducing transformative technologies
like GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) and Flash Fiber, revolutionizing the
broadband experience for its customers. With a customer-centric approach, PTCL continually
strives to deliver cutting-edge solutions, meeting the evolving demands of a rapidly changing
digital landscape. Backed by a dedicated workforce and a commitment to excellence, PTCL
remains committed to shaping a connected future for Pakistan and driving the nation towards
the digitalera.

Internship Objectives
1. Gain Hands-on Experience in GPONTechnology:
The primary objective of the internship was to acquire practical knowledge and
hands-on experience in Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) technology. This involved
understanding the architecture, deployment, configuration, and maintenance of GPON
networks.

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2. Explore Flash FiberImplementation:
Another key objective was to explore the implementation of Flash Fiber technology,
which is known for its high-speed broadband capabilities. The internship aimed to provide
insights into the setup, troubleshooting, and optimization of Flash Fiber networks.
3. Learn Telecommunications Industry BestPractices:
During the internship, one of the goals was to immerse myself in the best practices
followed in the telecommunications industry. This included understanding network design
principles, service delivery standards, and the protocols relevant to GPON and Flash Fiber.
4. Assist in Network DeploymentProjects:
To actively participate in real-world projects related to network deployment. This
involved assisting the team in planning, executing, and evaluating the rollout of GPON and
Flash Fiber networks, ensuring adherence to quality and efficiency standards.
5. Gain Exposure to NetworkTroubleshooting:
The internship sought to provide exposure to network troubleshooting techniques for
GPON and Flash Fiber networks. This involved identifying and resolving technical issues
efficiently to ensure uninterrupted service delivery.
6. Collaborate with Cross-functionalTeams:
Engaging in teamwork and collaboration was a crucial objective of the internship.
Working with cross-functional teams, such as network engineers, technicians, and project
managers, aimed to foster communication and enhance project outcomes.
7. Develop Technical Documentation Skills:
A key skill to develop during the internship was the ability to create comprehensive
technical documentation. This included network diagrams, equipment configurations, and
reports on project progress.
8. Learn about Industry Trends andInnovations:
Staying updated with the latest trends and innovations in the telecommunications industry
was essential. The internship aimed to provide exposure to emerging technologies and their
potential applications in GPON and Flash Fibernetworks.
9. Enhance Communication and PresentationSkills:
Throughout the internship, improving communication and presentation skills was a
priority. This involved effectively conveying technical information to both technical and non-
technical audiences.
10. Reflect on Personal and ProfessionalGrowth:
Lastly, the internship aimed to facilitate self-reflection on personal and professional
growth. This involved identifying strengths, weaknesses, and areas for further development
to advance a career in the telecommunications field.

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 Scope of Work
As an Industrial Electronics Engineer working in the telecommunications industry with a specific
focus on GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) and Flash Fiber technologies, your scope of
work would involve a wide range of responsibilities and tasks. Below are some key aspects that
may be part of your scope of work
1. GPON and Flash Fiber Network Design andImplementation:
You will be involved in the design and implementation of GPON and Flash Fiber
networks. This includes planning the network layout, selecting appropriate equipment, and
ensuring efficient and reliable network deployment.
2. Network Configuration andOptimization:
As an Industrial Electronics Engineer, you will configure GPON Optical Line Terminals
(OLTs) and Optical Network Units (ONUs) to optimize network performance. Thisinvolves
setting up parameters, bandwidth allocation, and quality of service (QoS)parameters.
3. Network Troubleshooting andMaintenance:
You will be responsible for diagnosing and resolving technical issues that may arise in
GPON and Flash Fiber networks. This includes conducting tests, troubleshootingequipment,
and ensuring minimal downtime for networkoperations.
4. Quality Assurance andTesting:
Your role will involve conducting quality assurance tests to verify network performance
and adherence to industry standards. This may include testing signal strength, data
transmission rates, and conducting performance analysis.
5. Integration of New Technologies:
You will stay updated with the latest technologies and innovations in the field of GPON
and Flash Fiber. Integrating new advancements into existing networks to improve efficiency
and performance will be part of your responsibilities.
6. Collaboration with Cross-functionalTeams:
As an Industrial Electronics Engineer, you will collaborate with various teams, such as
network engineers, project managers, and technicians, to ensure smooth network integration
and project execution.
7. Technical Documentation:
You will be responsible for creating and maintaining technical documentation related to
network designs, configurations, troubleshooting procedures, and project reports.
8. Safety and Compliance:
As a professional in the telecommunications field, you will adhere to safety protocols and
industry regulations while working with network equipment and technologies.
9. Continuous Learning and ProfessionalDevelopment:
The scope of work includes engaging in continuous learning to stay updated with
industry trends, attending workshops, seminars, and training sessions to enhance your skills
and knowledge.

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10. Innovation andResearch:
As part of your role, you may engage in research and innovation, exploring ways to
enhance network performance, reduce costs, and improve the overall user experience.

Overall, as an Industrial Electronics Engineer in the telecommunications field with a focus on

GPON and Flash Fiber technologies, your scope of work is dynamic and diverse, requiring
technical expertise, problem-solving skills, and a commitment to driving excellence in network
deployment and maintenance.

Learning and Experiences

Week 1: Introduction to PTCL and GPON/Flash Fiber Technologies
During the first week of my internship at PTCL in Basti Wah Cantt, I had the privilege of
gaining insights into the company's operations and the fundamentals of GPON (GigabitPassive
Optical Network) and Flash Fiber technologies. The week commenced with an orientation
program, where I was introduced to the organizational structure, the company's mission, and its
commitment to delivering cutting-edge telecommunicationssolutions.
Key Learning and Experiences:
1. GPON and Flash FiberTechnology:
I received a comprehensive overview of GPON and Flash Fiber technologies,
understanding their importance in providing high-speed and reliable broadband services to
customers.
2. Fiber Access Terminal (FAT) and Fiber Distribution Hub(FDH):
I learned about the critical network components, such as FAT and FDH, which play key
roles in distributing optical signals to end-users.
3. Optical Fiber CableBasics:
During this week, I familiarized myself with the fundamentals of optical fiber cables,
their structure, and the significance of different fiber cores and color codes.
4. Power Transmission and NetworkEfficiency:
Understanding the principles of power transmission in GPON networks allowed me to
grasp the importance of network efficiency and the optimization of power distribution.

Week 2: Collaboration with Business Team

In the second week, I had the opportunity to work closely with the business team at PTCL.
Collaborating with professionals from various departments provided valuable insights into the
commercial aspects of GPON and Flash Fiber deployment.

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Key Learning and Experiences:
1. Market Analysis and CustomerRequirements:
Working with the business team allowed me to understand the importance of market
analysis and customer needs assessment in tailoring network solutions.
2. Service Bundling andOfferings:
I learned about the process of bundling services, such as internet, TV, and phone, to cater
to diverse customer demands and enhance user experience.
3. Pricing Strategies and CompetitorAnalysis:
Understanding the company's pricing strategies and competitor analysis gave me insights
into the dynamic nature of the telecommunications market.

Week 3: Collaboration with Planning Engineer

During the third week, I worked closely with the planning engineer, who played a crucial role in
designing and optimizing GPON and Flash Fiber networks for efficient service delivery.
Key Learning and Experiences:
1. Network Design and Optimization:
I gained hands-on experience in network design and optimization, taking into account
factors like coverage area, bandwidth requirements, and future scalability.
2. Network PlanningTools:
Working alongside the planning engineer allowed me to explore the use of specialized
software tools for network planning and simulation.
3. RegulatoryCompliance:
I learned about the regulatory requirements and industry standards that govern the
deployment of telecommunications networks.

Week 4: Collaboration with Complaint Team

In the final week of my internship, I collaborated with the complaint team, responsible for
addressing and resolving customer issues related to GPON and Flash Fiber services.
Key Learning and Experiences:
1. Customer Support andSatisfaction:
Working with the complaint team offered insights into the importance of prompt
customer support and ensuring customer satisfaction.
2. TroubleshootingTechniques:
I learned various troubleshooting techniques to identify and resolve common issues faced
by customers, such as connectivity problems and service disruptions.
3. Communication Skills:
Interacting with customers and addressing their concerns honed my communication
skills, emphasizing the significance of clear and empathetic communication in customer
service.

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Throughout my internship, these week-wise experiences provided a well-rounded understanding
of PTCL's operations, GPON/Flash Fiber technologies, and the significance of collaboration
across different departments to deliver top-notch telecommunications solutions to customers.

Achievements
1. Comprehensive Understanding of GPON and Flash FiberTechnologies:
One of the significant achievements during my internship was gaining a comprehensive
understanding of GPON and Flash Fiber technologies. I successfully grasped the concepts of
network architecture, fiber access terminals, and the importance of fiber distribution hubs in
delivering high-speed broadband services to end-users.
2. Practical Knowledge of Optical Fiber CableBasics:
Through hands-on learning, I acquired practical knowledge of optical fiber cable basics,
including the structure, different fiber cores, and their respective color codes. This
knowledge proved invaluable in comprehending the physical infrastructure of GPON and
Flash Fiber networks.
3. Network Design and OptimizationSkills:
Collaborating with the planning engineer in Week 3 allowed me to develop network
design and optimization skills. I gained insights into planning tools and techniques, ensuring
efficient network layouts and coverage area optimization.
4. Collaborative and Cross-functionalTeamwork:
During my internship, I successfully collaborated with various teams, including the
business team, planning engineer, and complaint team. These experiences enhanced my
ability to work effectively in cross- functional settings and strengthened my communication
and teamwork skills.
5. Real-world Troubleshooting Experience:
Working with the complaint team in Week 4 provided real-world troubleshooting
experience. I acquired practical skills in diagnosing and resolving common network issues,
contributing to improved customer satisfaction.
6. Customer-centricApproach:
By interacting with customers through the complaint team, I gained a customer-centric
approach to problem-solving. Understanding customer needs and providing prompt and
empathetic support became a focal point of my achievements.
7. Adherence to RegulatoryStandards:
Learning about regulatory compliance in the telecommunications industry enabled me to
appreciate the importance of adhering to industry standards in network deployment and
operations.
8. Personal and ProfessionalGrowth:
Throughout the internship, I experienced significant personal and professional growth.
The exposure to cutting-edge technologies, collaboration with industry professionals, and
hands-on learning opportunities positively influenced my career trajectory.

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9. Positive Contribution to TeamProjects:
By actively participating in various projects, including network design and optimization
tasks, I made a positive contribution to the team's overall objectives. My dedication to
learning and proactive attitude significantly impacted project outcomes.
10. Continued Commitment to LifelongLearning:
An achievement that extends beyond the internship is my continued commitment to
lifelong learning. The exposure to the dynamic telecommunications industry and emerging
technologies inspired me to stay updated with industry trends and innovations.

Team Collaboration
1. Collaboration with BusinessTeam:
Working closely with the business team provided valuable insights into understanding
customer needs and market demands. I collaborated with the team to gain an understanding
of different service offerings, pricing strategies, and customer bundling preferences. This
collaboration allowed us to align technical decisions with business goals, ensuring the
delivery of services that catered to the specific needs of customers.
2. Coordination with PlanningEngineer:
During my collaboration with the planning engineer, I actively contributed to network
design and optimization discussions. Together, we analysed network coverage areas,
bandwidth requirements, and potential expansion possibilities. This collaboration fostered a
holistic approach to network planning, ensuring efficient use of resources and improved
network performance.
3. Working with ComplaintTeam:
My collaboration with the complaint team was a significant aspect of my internship. I
collaborated with the team to address customer concerns related to GPON and Flash Fiber
services. This interaction allowed me to understand customer pain points, develop empathy
in troubleshooting, and prioritize the prompt resolution of issues, ultimately enhancing
customer satisfaction.
4. MultidisciplinaryProjects:
Throughout the internship, I had the opportunity to work on multidisciplinary projects
that required collaboration with various teams. These projects involved network deployment,
performance analysis, and optimizing customer experiences. Collaborating withprofessionals
from different departments enriched my learning experience and exposed me to diverse
perspectives andapproaches.
5. Communication with Network Engineers:
Effective communication with network engineers was essential in understanding the
intricacies of GPON and Flash Fiber networks. I collaborated with network engineers to learn
about network configurations, equipment installations, and the technical intricacies involved
in maintaining a seamless network operation.

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6. Team Meetings and BrainstormingSessions:
Regular team meetings and brainstorming sessions allowed for open discussions on
network improvement and problem-solving. I actively participated in these sessions, sharing
ideas, and contributing to the team's collective efforts in finding innovative solutions.
7. Knowledge SharingInitiatives:
Throughout the internship, I actively engaged in knowledge sharing initiatives with team
members. This involved sharing technical insights, best practices, and industry updates that
could benefit the entire team in staying abreast of the latest developments in the
telecommunications field.
8. Supporting Project Managers:
Collaboration with project managers was crucial in understanding the overall project
scope, timelines, and deliverables. By aligning my efforts with project requirements, I
contributed to the successful completion of project milestones.
9. Mentorship and Guidance:
Senior team members provided mentorship and guidance during the internship.
Collaborating with them allowed me to seek advice, clarify doubts, and receive constructive
feedback, which positively impacted my learning and performance.
10. Resolving Technical Challenges as aTeam:
When faced with technical challenges, collaboration among team members played a
significant role in devising effective solutions. Collaborative problem-solving helped us
overcome obstacles and ensured the smooth functioning of GPON and Flash Fiber networks.

Technologies and Tools Used

1. GPONTechnology:
As a core focus of the internship, GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) technology
was extensively used for high-speed data transmission over optical fiber cables.
Understanding GPON principles and configurations was essential in network design and
optimization.
2. Flash FiberTechnology:
Flash Fiber, known for its ultra-fast broadband capabilities, was another critical
technology employed during the internship. It enabled the delivery of high-speed internet
services to customers, meeting their growing demand for faster connectivity.
3. Optical Line Terminals (OLTs) and Optical Network Units(ONUs):
OLTs and ONUs are vital components in GPON networks. OLTs act as the central
control point, while ONUs are installed at customer premises. Understanding the
functionalities and configurations of OLTs and ONUs was crucial for successful network
deployment.

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4. Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR):
The OTDR is a crucial tool used for testing and troubleshooting optical fiber cables. It
measures the attenuation and detects faults along the fiber optic lines, aiding in the
identification and resolution of network issues.
5. Planning and Network SimulationSoftware:
Specialized planning and network simulation software were used to design and optimize
GPON and Flash Fiber networks. These tools helped in analysing network coverage,
bandwidth allocation, and predicting network performance under various scenarios.
6. Network Management Systems (NMS):
NMS software played a pivotal role in monitoring and managing GPON and Flash Fiber
networks. It provided real-time insights into network performance, equipment status, and the
ability to remotely configure network elements.
7. Power Meter and LightSource:
Power meters and light sources were used for measuring optical power levels and
verifying signal strength within the network. These tools were instrumental in maintaining
signal integrity and ensuring the efficient functioning of optical links.
8. Distribution Hubs (FDH - Fiber DistributionHub):
Distribution hubs, also known as Fiber Distribution Hubs (FDH), were utilized as key
network components for distributing optical signals to multiple ONUs. Understanding the
layout and configurations of FDHs was crucial in optimizing signal distribution and
minimizing signal loss.

Conclusion
The internship experience at PTCL in Basti Wah Cantt provided a transformative journey into
the telecommunications industry, focusing on GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) and
Flash Fiber technologies. Throughout the internship, I had the privilege of gaining in-depth
knowledge and practical insights into the deployment, configuration, and optimization of high-
speed broadband networks.
During the initial week, I was introduced to the world of GPON and Flash Fiber
technologies, understanding the significance of Fiber Access Terminals (FAT), Fiber
Distribution Hubs (FDH), and the intricacies of optical fiber cables, including their cores and
color codes. I also delved into the principles of power transmission, which proved instrumental
in ensuring network efficiency.
Collaboration with diverse teams enriched the internship experience. Working with the
business team allowed me to align technical decisions with market demands, tailoring network
solutions to meet specific customer requirements. The collaboration with the planning engineer
offered valuable insights into network design and optimization, focusing on coverage areasand
bandwidthallocation.
Engaging with the complaint team fostered a customer-centric approach to problem-
solving. It allowed me to address customer concerns promptly, enhancing overall customer

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satisfaction. Real-world troubleshooting experiences provided practical skills in diagnosing and
resolving network issues, further sharpening my technical expertise.
Throughout the internship, the use of specialized technologies and tools played a vital
role in the successful deployment and maintenance of GPON and Flash Fiber networks. Utilizing
tools like Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR), network planning software, and
Network Management Systems (NMS) ensured efficient network performance and proactive
monitoring.
The internship at PTCL not only strengthened my technical skills but also honed my
communication, teamwork, and problem-solving abilities. The collaborative atmosphere and
mentorship from industry professionals facilitated personal and professional growth, preparing
me for a promising career in the telecommunications field.
In conclusion, the internship at PTCL was a transformative and enriching experience,
equipping me with the necessary expertise to contribute to the advancement of
telecommunications technologies. The hands-on learning, exposure to emerging technologies,
and valuable collaborations have left a lasting impact, inspiring my continued commitment to
innovation and excellence in the telecommunications industry. I express my gratitude to PTCL
for providing this invaluable opportunity, which has significantly shaped my career aspirations
and reinforced my passion for the telecommunications sector.

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 Acknowledgments
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the following individuals at PTCL for their
invaluable support, guidance, and mentorship throughout my internship:

Mr. Naeem (Floor Incharge):

I extend my heartfelt appreciation to Mr. Naeem for his unwavering support and guidance
during my time on the floor. His expertise and willingness to share knowledge allowed me to
gain a deeper understanding of GPON and Flash Fiber technologies. His encouragement and
approachable nature created a positive learning environment that greatly enhanced my internship
experience.

Sir Aqib (Head Incharge):

I am deeply grateful to Sir Aqib for his visionary leadership and mentorship during my
internship. His guidance and strategic insights into the telecommunications industry provided me
with a broader perspective on network planning and optimization. I am thankful for the
opportunities he provided me to contribute to meaningful projects that added value to my
learning journey.

Sir Arsalan Khan (Assistant Manager):

My sincere thanks go to Sir Ahsan for his constant encouragement and support. His
expertise in network troubleshooting and problem-solving proved to be an invaluable asset
during my collaboration with the complaint team. I am grateful for his patience and willingness
to share his experiences, which enhanced my technical skills and confidence in addressing
customer concerns. Each of these individuals played a pivotal role in shaping my internship
experience and professional development. Their mentorship, encouragement, and dedication to
my growth have left a lasting impact on me. I am truly fortunate to have had the privilege of
working with such remarkable individuals at PTCL, and I look forward to carrying forward the
knowledge and experiences gained during this internship into my future endeavours.

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