Scribd
Upload
82 views

Radiographic Positioning and Radiologic Procedure

Radiographic Positioning (Lesson 1) - Anatomic Relationship Terms - Radiographic Positioning Terminology - Body Movement Terminology

Uploaded by

Elaiza Icaza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
82 views

Radiographic Positioning and Radiologic Procedure

Radiographic Positioning (Lesson 1) - Anatomic Relationship Terms - Radiographic Positioning Terminology - Body Movement Terminology

Uploaded by

Elaiza Icaza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING & RADIOLOGIC PROCEDURE REVIEWER

ANATOMICAL POSITION

• Standing upright/erect
• Face and eyes directed forward
• Arms extended by the sides
• Palms turned forward
• Heels together
• Toes pointing anteriorly

BODY PLANES AND SPECIAL PLANES

4 FUNDAMENTAL BODY PLANES

SAGITTAL
• Right and left
• Midsagittal: equal right and left
• Parasagittal: unequal right and left

CORONAL
• Anterior and posterior
• Midcoronal/Midaxillary plane: equal anterior and posterior

SPECIAL PLANES

OCCLUSAL PLANE
• Formed by biting surfaces of the upper and lower teeth with jaws closed
• Used In positioning: Odontoid process
• Some head projections

Interiliac Plane
• transects the pelvis at the top of the iliac crests at the level of the fourth lumbar spinous process
• Used In positioning: lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx

BODY STRUCTURES
External Landmarks
ANATOMIC RELATIONSHIP TERMS

ANTERIOR/VENTRAL
Forward or front part of the body or organ

POSTERIOR/DORSAL NOTAL
Back part of the body or organ

SUPERIOR
Nearer to the head or situated above

INFERIOR
Nearer to the feet or situated below

CENTRAL
Mid Area or main part of an organ

PERIPHERAL
Parts at or near the surface, edge or outside of the body part

SUPERIOR
Nearer to the head or situated above

INFERIOR
Nearer to the feet or situated below

MEDIAL
Parts toward to median plane or toward the middle of the body

LATERAL
Parts away from the median plane or away from the middle part of the body

EXTERNAL
Parts outside of an organ/body
INTERNAL
Parts inside of an organ/body

SUPERFICIAL
Parts near the skin or surface

DEEP
Parts far from the surface

PARIETAL
Wall or lining of a body cavity

VISCERAL
Covering of an organ

IPSILATERAL
Parts on the same side of the body

CONTRALATERAL
Parts on the opposite side of the body

PALMAR
Palm of the hand

PLANTAR
Sole of the foot

DORSUM
Top or anterior surface of the foot
RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING TERMINOLOGY
● PROJECTION
● POSITION
● VIEW
● METHOD

PROJECTION
The path of the central ray as it goes through the patient to the IR. e.g., AP or PA projection
The entrance and exit points in the body
Based on anatomical position
Relationship formed between the central ray and the body e.g., Axial & Tangential Projection

ANTEROPOSTERIOR (AP) PROJECTION


A perpendicular CR enters the front (anterior) body surface and exit the back (posterior) body surface

AXIAL PROJECTION
There Is a longitudinal angulation of CR which is the long axis of the body.
10 degrees or more
TANGENTIAL PROJECTION
CR Is directed toward the outer margin of a curved body surface
CR skims the surface of the body
To project the part free of superimposition

LATERAL PROJECTION
CR enters one side of the body and exits the opposite side

OBLIQUE PROJECTION
CR enters the body from a side angle following an oblique
Plane. e.g., AP or PA Oblique Projections

AP OBLIQUE PROJECTION
CR enters the anterior surface and exits posteriorly

PA OBLIQUE PROJECTION
CR enters the posterior surface and exits anteriorly

POSITION
Identifies the overall posture general or the body position
The specific placement of the body part in relation to the radiographic table/image receptor
e.g., upright, supine, seated

UPRIGHT POSITION
Erect or marked by a vertical position

SEATED-UPRIGHT POSITION
Sitting on a chair or stool

RECUMBENT POSITION
General term referring to lying down in any position

SUPINE POSITION
Lying on the back

PRONE POSITION
Lying face down

TRENDELENBURG POSITION
Supine position with head lower than feet

FOWLER'S POSITION
Supine position with head higher than feet

SIMS POSITION
A recumbent position with the patient lying on the left anterior side (semi prone) and the right knee and thigh partially
flexed

LITHOTOMY POSITION
A spine position with knees and hip flexed and thighs abducted and rotated externally

LATERAL POSITION
Always named according to the side closest to the IR

OBLIQUE POSITION
Achieved when the entire body is rotated so that the coronal plane is not parallel with the radiographic table or IR.

LORDOTIC POSITION
Achieved by having the patient lean backward while in upright position so that shoulders are in contact with the IR
Used for visualization of pulmonary apices

VIEW AND METHOD

VIEW
Used to describe the body part as seen by the IR
Exact opposite of projection

METHOD
Named after individuals in recognition of their development of a method to demonstrate a specific anatomic part
e.g., Water, Caldwell, Townes

BODY MOVEMENT TERMINOLOGY

ABDUCT/ ABDUCTION
Movement of part away from the central axis of the body

ADDUCT/ ADDUCTION
Movement of a part toward the central axis of the body

HYPEREXTENSION
Forced or excessive extension of a limb or joints

HYPERFLEXION
Forced over flexion of a limb or joints

EVERT/EVERSION
Outward turning of the foot at the ankle

INVERT/INVERSION
Inward turning of the foot at the ankle

SUPINATE/SUPINATION
Rotation of the forearm so that the palm is up
PRONATE/PRONATION
Rotation of the forearm so that the palm is down

ROTATE/ROTATION
turning or rotating of the body around its axis
e.g., medial or lateral rotation

CIRCUMDUCTION
A turning away from the regular standard or course

TILT
Tipping or slanting a body part slightly
Related to the long axis of the body

DEVIATION
A turning away from the regular standard or course

PROTRACTION
A movement of part of the body anteriorly in a transverse plane

RETRACTION
A movement of part of the body posteriorly in a transverse plane

ELEVATION
Upward movement of a part of the body

DEPRESSION
Downward movement of a part of the body

You might also like