Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:mech1a-2S-2020-2021

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bayombong Campus

DEGREE BSGE COURSE NO. MECH 1A

PROGRAM
SPECIALIZATION COURSE TITLE STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
YEAR LEVEL 2ND YEAR TIME FRAME WK NO. IM NO. 1

I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE :

1. INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS
II. LESSON TITLE:
1. Overview to Mechanics
2. Definition of Terms
3. Unit of Measurements
4. Law of Gravitation
5. Axiom of Mechanics
6. General Procedures for Analysis

III. LESSON OVERVIEW

This course covers the branch of engineering mechanics known as statics which deals with the forces
acting on non-moving bodies. The course is in preparation for a higher level of analysis of assemblies
and structures. It covers concurrent and non-concurrent forces, operation with the free body concept,
equilibrium of co-planar and non-coplanar force system, analysis of trusses, friction force in space,
centroids and moments of inertia.

IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the lesson, the students must be able to:
- To understand the definition of Mechanics
- To determine the correct method of conversion of units
- To understand vectors and its engineering application
V. LESSON CONTENT
INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS

Mechanics is the physical science

which deals with the effects of forces
on objects. No other

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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:mech1a-2S-2020-2021

subject plays a greater role in

engineering analysis than
mechanics. Although the principles
of
mechanics are few, they have
wide application in engineering.
The principles of mechanics are
central to research and development
in the fi elds of vibrations, stability
and strength of structures
and machines, robotics, rocket and
spacecraft design, automatic control,
engine performance, fluid
flow, electrical machines and
apparatus, and molecular, atomic,
and subatomic behavior. A
thorough understanding of this
subject is an essential
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:mech1a-2S-2020-2021

prerequisite for work in these and

many other fields.
Engineering Mechanics is divided
into two major parts, namely Statics
and Dynamics
Mechanics is the physical science
which deals with the effects of forces
on objects. No other
subject plays a greater role in
engineering analysis than
mechanics. Although the principles
of
mechanics are few, they have
wide application in engineering.
The principles of mechanics are
central to research and development
in the fi elds of vibrations, stability
and strength of structures
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:mech1a-2S-2020-2021

and machines, robotics, rocket and

spacecraft design, automatic control,
engine performance, fluid
flow, electrical machines and
apparatus, and molecular, atomic,
and subatomic behavior. A
thorough understanding of this
subject is an essential
prerequisite for work in these and
many other fields.
Engineering Mechanics is divided
into two major parts, namely Statics
and Dynamics
Mechanics is the physical science which deals with the effects of forces on objects. No other
subject plays a greater role in engineering analysis than mechanics. Although the principles of
mechanics are few, they have wide application in engineering. The principles of mechanics are central
to research and development in the fields of vibrations, stability and strength of structures and
machines, robotics, rocket, and spacecraft design, automatic control, engine performance, fluid
thorough understanding of this subject is an essential prerequisites for work in these and many other
fields.
Engineering Mechanics is divided into two major parts, namely Statics and Dynamics.

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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:mech1a-2S-2020-2021

DEFINITION OF TERMS
a. MECHANICS – is a branch of physical science which deals with the effect and distribution of
forces on rigid bodies.
b. ENGINEERING MECHANICS – deals with the effect and distribution of forces on rigid
bodies.
c. STATICS – deals with the effect and distribution of forces on rigid bodies which remains at
rest.
d. DYNAMICS – deals with the effect and condition of forces which causes acceleration or
motion on rigid bodies.
e. RIGID BODIES – or certain amount of matter the parts of which are fixed in a position
relative to each other.
f. FORCE – any action that change the state of a body. Its characteristics are (a) it has a
magnitude, (b) it has a direction and (c) it has a part of application.
g. FORCE SYSTEM – any arrangement where two or more forces are acting on a body or
group of related bodies.
h. COPLANAR FORCE – forces that are lying on the same plane.
i. COLLINEAR FORCE – forces that are lying on the same line of action.
j. CONCURRENT FORCE – forces where line of action are passing through one common
point.
k. NON-CONCURRENT FORCE – forces whose line of action are not parallel and are not
passing at a common point.
l. PARALLEL FORCE – forces whose line of action are parallel and not passing at a common
point.
m. ACTION FORCE – these are forces that applied into a body.
n. REACTION FORCE – these are forces that are developed by free bodies upon another
bodies.
o. TENSION FORCE – forces that tend to move away from the body or elongate the body.
p. COMPRESSION FORCE – forces that tend to move towards or shorten the body.
q. VECTOR QUANTITIES – force, displacement, velocity or impulse that possess direction as
well as magnitude.
r. SCALAR QUANTITIES – time/volume, mass or weight, energy, density, work that possess
only magnitude.

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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:mech1a-2S-2020-2021
s. FREE VECTOR – it may move anywhere in space provided it to maintain the same direction
and magnitude of original vector.
t. THE RESULTANT SYSTEM OF VECTOR – least number of vector that will replace the
given system.

UNIT OF MEASUREMENT
In mechanics we use four fundamental qualities called dimensions. These are length, mass,
force, and time. Although there are a number of different systems of units, only the two systems most
commonly used in science and technology will be used in this text. The four fundamental dimensions
and their units and symbols in the two systems are summarized in the following table.

International System of Units, SI (from the French, Systẻme International d’Unitẻs) – SI

units kilogram (kg) for mass, meter (m) for length, and second (s) for time are selected as the base
units.
U.S. customary, or British system of units, also called the footpouns – second (FPS)
system –is common system in business and industry in English – speaking countries. Although this
system will in time be replced by SI units, for mny more years engineers must be able to work with both
SI units and FPS units, and both systems are used freely in Engineering Mechanics. As shown in the
table, In the U.S. or FPS system, the units of feet (ft) for length, seconds (sec) for time, and pounds (lb)
for force are selected as base units.

CONVERSION CHART

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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:mech1a-2S-2020-2021

SI PREFIXES

1. MECHANICS – is a branch of
physical science which deals with
the effect and distribution
of forces on rigid bodies.
2. ENGINEERING MECHANICS
– deals with the effect and
distribution of forces on rigid
bodies.
3. STATICS – deals with the effect
of and distribution of forces on rigid
bodies which remains
at rest.
4. DYNAMICS – deals with the
effect and condition of forces which
causes acceleration or
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:mech1a-2S-2020-2021

motion on rigid bodies.

5. RIGID BODIES – certain amount
of matter that the parts of which are
fixed in a position
relative to each other.
1. MECHANICS – is a branch of
physical science which deals with
the effect and distribution
of forces on rigid bodies.
2. ENGINEERING MECHANICS
– deals with the effect and
distribution of forces on rigid
bodies.
3. STATICS – deals with the effect
of and distribution of forces on rigid
bodies which remains
at rest.
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:mech1a-2S-2020-2021

4. DYNAMICS – deals with the

effect and condition of forces which
causes acceleration or
motion on rigid bodies.
5. RIGID BODIES – certain amount
of matter that the parts of which are
fixed in a position
relative to each other.

LAW OF GRAVITATION
In statics as well as dynamics we often need to compute the weight of a body, which is the
gravitational force acting on it. This computation depends on the law of gravitation, which was also
formulated by Newton. The law of gravitation is expressed by the equation

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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:mech1a-2S-2020-2021
m1 m2
F=G
r2

F – the mutual force of attraction between two particles

G – a universal constant known as the constant of gravitation
m1, m2 – the masses of the two particles
r – the distance between the centers of the particles

The mutual forces F obey the law of action and reaction, since they are equal and opposite and are
directed along the line joining the centers of the particles. For a body of mass m near the surface of the
earth, the gravitational attraction F on the body.

Usually denote the magnitude of this gravitational force or weight with the symbol W because the body
falls with an acceleration g.

W = mg

The weight W will be in Newton (N) when the mass m is in kilograms (kg) and the acceleration of
m
gravity g is in meters per second squared ( ). In U.S. customary units, the weight W will be in pounds
s2
(lb) when mass is in slugs and gravity is in feet per second squared. The standard values for g of 9.81
m ft
2 and 32.2 2 will be sufficiently accurate for our calculations statics.
s sec

AXIOM OF MECHANICS
1. PARALLELOGRAM LAW – the resultant of (2) forces is the diagonal of the parallelogram
formed on the vector of those forces.
2. EQUILIBRIUM LAW – two forces are in equilibrium only if they are equal in magnitude,
opposite in direction and collinear in action.
3. SUPERPOSITION LAW or LAW OF TRANSMIBILITY – the action of a given system of force
on rigid bodies will no way be changed if we add to or subtract from another system of force
in equilibrium.
4. ACTION AND REACTION LAW – action and reaction forces are equal but oppositely
directed.

GENERAL PROCEDURES FOR ANALYSIS

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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:mech1a-2S-2020-2021
In statics, as in all engineering problems, we need to use a precise and logical method
formulating problems and obtaining their solutions. We formulate each problem and develop solution
through the following sequence of steps.
1. Formulate the problem:
a. State the given data.
b. State the desired result.
c. State your assumptions and approximations.
2. Develop the Solution:
a. Draw any diagrams you need to understand the relationships.
b. State the governing principles to be applied to your solutions.
c. Make your calculations.
d. Ensure that your calculations are consistent with the accuracy justified by the data.

VI. REFERENCES

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