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Activity 1 Volcano Essay

A volcano is a vent that transports molten rock known as magma from within the Earth to its surface. Lava forms the cone surrounding an erupting volcano. A volcano is considered active if it is erupting, expelling gas, or causing seismic activity, dormant if not erupting recently but could in the future, and extinct if inactive over 10,000 years. The explosiveness of an eruption depends on how easily magma flows and gas content, with gas expanding rapidly as lava rises, forming bubbles. Active volcanoes are typically found along tectonic plate boundaries. Understanding volcanoes and forecasting eruptions is important for safety in volcano-sensitive areas, though eruptions can occur without warning.

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55 views

Activity 1 Volcano Essay

A volcano is a vent that transports molten rock known as magma from within the Earth to its surface. Lava forms the cone surrounding an erupting volcano. A volcano is considered active if it is erupting, expelling gas, or causing seismic activity, dormant if not erupting recently but could in the future, and extinct if inactive over 10,000 years. The explosiveness of an eruption depends on how easily magma flows and gas content, with gas expanding rapidly as lava rises, forming bubbles. Active volcanoes are typically found along tectonic plate boundaries. Understanding volcanoes and forecasting eruptions is important for safety in volcano-sensitive areas, though eruptions can occur without warning.

Uploaded by

Mariel Paragas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A volcano is a vent or chimney that transports molten rock known as magma from a depth to the Earth's surface.

Lava is the substance that forms the cone that surrounds a volcano's erupting magma.
A volcano is considered active if it is spouting lava, expelling gas, or causing seismic activity. A volcano is
dormant if it has not erupted in a long time but might erupt again in the future. When a volcano has remained
inactive for longer than 10,000 years, it is considered extinct.
The explosiveness of a volcanic eruption is determined by the ease with which magma flows and the amount of
gas trapped inside the magma that is expelled. Magma contains large volumes of water and carbon dioxide,
which causes it to act similarly to gas expanding in fizzy beverages, which generates bubbles and exits after
opening. Gas bubbles occur as lava rises swiftly through the Earth's crust, expanding up to 1000 times their
initial size.
Active volcanoes are typically found around major tectonic plate borders.
Many of them are found along the Earth's plate borders. Active volcanoes are uncommon in Australia due to the
continent's lack of plate boundaries. However, two active volcanoes, Heard Island and the neighboring
McDonald Islands, are roughly 4,000 kilometers south-west of Perth within Australian territory.
Other active volcanoes in the vicinity of Australia include those in New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia,
and the Philippines. The Asia Pacific is dominated by gas-rich sticky magmas, making composite volcanoes and
calderas the most prevalent types. These sorts of volcanoes pose a serious threat to people, property, agricultural
fields, and lifelines throughout Southeast Asia and Australia.
Volcanic activity is common along the edges of the Earth's tectonic plates, which are a series of massive rocks
that move between each other. The movement of these plates has a considerable impact on the sort of volcano
that forms and impacts its shape.
Understanding how volcanoes function and how eruptions might be forecast is critical for the safety and well-
being of people who live in volcanically sensitive locations. Eruptions can happen without any prior warning,
making them exceedingly difficult to forecast. However, there are several indicators that can help predict when a
volcano will erupt.
Earthquake activity around a volcano can provide valuable information. An eruption can be preceded by
hundreds of small earthquakes known as earthquake swarms. Earthquakes also can indicate that magma is
moving beneath a volcano. However, eruptions can occur with no perceivable change in seismic activity.
Small changes in a volcano's appearance, such as bulging, might indicate magma is rising. One of the most
significant instruments for anticipating an eruption is accurately measuring the peak and slopes of a volcano.
Although not all big temperature changes are connected to volcanic eruptions, temperature changes in surface
lakes or groundwater near a volcano can be a useful early detection method.

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