SAFETY AND HANDLING

STORAGE DEVICES

DISKETTE
Always keep diskettes in their jackets when not in used. Do not expose
them to magnetic material heat and dust.

Hard disk
Do not expose hard disks to shock and jittering. Good ventilation is
necessary for a longer operating life.

Disk Drive
Turn drive door carefully. Insert diskette slowly. Do not insert defective
diskette.

BOARD AND PART – Cards, Motherboard, Chips

Avoid exposing these electronics parts to static electricity. As much as possible.

Keep them in anti-static bags when being stored. Store them in a cool place.

I/O DEVICES

KEYBOARD
Do not drop cigarette ash or beverages into the keyboard. Press the
keyboard. Press the keyboard lightly.

MONITOR
Avoid dust from getting into the monitor. Keep brightness level to a
minimum for a longer screen life.

PRINTER
Use only good ribbons for the printer. Avoid dropping pens, paper, clips
and staples into the printer.

POWER SUPPLY

See to it that the operating voltage matches the line voltage. Make sure that the
power cord and the plug don’t have loose connections.
 MICROCOMPUTER DO’S AND DON’TS

1. FLOPPY DISK

 Respect the physical and magnetic integrity of the diskette.

 Don’t touch its expose surface

 Don’t fold or compress it.
 Don’t place diskette near magnetic coils or magnetized objects.

 Label the diskette promptly. Don’t use a hard tipped pen.

 Maintain the proper environment. Avoid heat and dust.
 Insert the diskette into the drive properly.
 Inspect the diskette each time they are used.
 Don’t attempt to clean the diskette surface itself.
 Backup your files.

2. HARD DISK

 When bringing a new disk into the computer room, allow the temperature of the
disk to equalize with room temperature of 24 hours before using it. By doing
this, you will obtain correct track registration.

 Always handle the disk with great care. Don’t drop them. When carrying hard
disk over along distance or outside of a building, use a special container.

 Store your disks securely. Stacking disk is an open invitation to disaster because
one of the disks could slip off.

 Keep the computer room dust free and at an even temperature.

 Don’t play with the power lines or the fuses while the disk is operating. Always
turn your disk drive off if you are doing something that could interrupt power to
the system.

 Don’t turn on any powerful device while dusk drive is operating. In particular,
don’t plug a vacuum cleaner, coffee maker, heater, in the same outlet either.

 If you remove the hard disk from the chassis, label it completely and include the
date. Store it securely.
3. THE MICROCOMPUTER AND ENVIRONMENT

 Connect your computer to separate circuit whenever possible. Don’t use an

outlet connected to the same circuit as an appliance, line voltage might drop
unexpectedly.

 Avoid electrical problems such as; fluctuation, line transients, electromagnetic

interference (EMI), power failures and static electricity.

 It is good practice to inspect the ventilation outlets on all devices at least once a
month.

 Eliminate sources of dust in the room and check surfaces for dust accumulation.

 Verify that all boards are all inserted and that all components are properly seated
in their sockets.

 Don’t let any part of the computer protrude from the table.

 When removing integrated circuits use a special IC extractor or you may bend
the pins.

 Cleaning the contacts of edge connectors will often eliminate a malfunction.

 Liquids should be kept away from any electronic board.

 For proper heat dissipation, remember that there should proper clearance
undemeath the computer.

 All possible sources of heat should be reduced in order to extend the life of the
system and to guarantee reliable operation.

 Don’t obstruct the air inlets and outlets; leave some space between the computer
and the wall.

 Keep your computers operating in a cool environment?

 The monitor should be turned away from major light sources (such as windows
and fixtures) in order to avoid glare and reflections.
 In cases where the operator must move across t he room, a swivel base maybe
used underneath the monitor which will allow the operator to conveniently
rotate it.

 Shock and vibrations should be avoided as they may dislodge screws or even the
power supply inside the monitor.

 In order to prevent over heating make sure that the air intake and exhaust slots
or louvers of the monitor are never obstructed.

 It is essential that a stable fixed voltage be supplied to a computer.

 To ensure him reliable operation of a computer system is to periodically check

the value of the line voltage throughout a typical day especially upon
installation.

 In order to prevent interference with the line voltage, the computer system
should operate on its own electrical circuit, connected directly to the main
distributions board of the building.

 While the computer is running, turn all and off all the electrical devices in the
computer room and verify that they do not interface with proper computer
operation.

 If blackout occurs in your building, turn all equipment of and if possible pull
plugs out of their sockets.

 Avoid dimmer switches in the computer room, as they produce electromagnetic

interface (EMI)

 Don’t do anything inside the computer, unless you know what you are doing.

 When working inside the computer system, be careful not to drop any
conductive objects such as: staple, paper clip or any liquid into the computer.

 Before closing the computer, it is good idea to gently tilt it and watch for loose
objects such as: screws or debris that might impair its proper operation.

 The temperature of the room should be kept as low as possible to avoid

premature aging.

 All cables should be secured in a fixed position inside and outside the computer.
MONITOR

 Keep monitor clean properly adjusted.

 Position the monitor for best comfort.
 The brightness of the monitor screen should be adjusted to a comfortable level
for the operator (reduce level to avoid burning of phosphor screen).

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE & CARE FOR THE PC

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE – is a few moments of care that can result in many hour
of good consistent performance.

CONTRIBUTORS TO PC FAILURE

 Excessive Temperature
 Dust Build-Up
 Noise Interference
 Power-Line Problems
 Corrosion
 Magnetic Fields

COUNTERING THE EFFECT OF HEAT:

 Reset the socket chips if intermittent failures occur.

 Keep the cooling vents clear
 Keep the PC dust free inside and outside.
 Keep disks a cool dry location

 Install an external cooling fan if the system operation becomes intermittent.

COUNTERING THE EFFECTS OF DUST:

 Use dust covers

 Keep windows closed
 No smoking near you PC
 No crumb producing foods near the PC.
 No Liquid on any equipment.
 Don’t touch the surface of any floppy disk.
 Vacuum the system and the area weekly.
 Clean the monitor screen to avoid static.

COUNTERING NOISE INTERFERENCE:

  Proper Grounding
 Filtering
 Wiring improvement (Shielding)
 Avoid use of high power equipment.

PREVENTING POWER-LINE PROBLEMS:

 Power-Line Conditions
 Isolators
 Regulator
 Filters
 Auxiliary or Back-Up
 UPS

CORROSION PREVENTION:

 Reset chips periodically

 Use emery cloth rubber eraser or contact cleaner on contacts of mother board and
expansions.

EXTENDING DISK LIFE:

 Buy Name-Brand Disks

 Never touch the disk surface
 Never slum the disk drive door closed on disk.
 Store disk on their protective jackets.
 Don’t lay disks in the sun.
 Never set disk by monitors or television.
 Never allow smoking near your disk or your drive.
 Never write on a label that’s already mounted on a disk.
 Store disk in a clean and cool place.
 Back up everything
 Don’t ever fold or bend disk.
 Store disk and back-up disk in different places.
 Don’t put disk through airport metal detectors.
 RULES FOR DAILY OPERATION:

 Set up computer in a clean dry well lighted place.

 No smoking.
 Use computer between not during meals.
 Wash hands then dry before using computers.
 Keep household pets away to computer.
 Vacuum regularly specially keyboard.
 Used dust covers
 Avoid static electricity.
 Train yourself to leave computer on throughout the day.

ADDITION NOTES:

1. Always save files gracefully. Arrange diskettes before leaving computer.

2. Turn down brightness level of monitor screen to avoid phosphors.
3. At firs sign of electrical disturbance close down or pull main plug of system.
4. Avoid turning on and off the system frequently.

ERRORS CODES:

 101 – Systems Unit.

 201 – Memory.
 301 – Keyboard.
 401 – Monochrome Adapter.
 501 – Color/Graphics/Adapter.
 601 – Disk Drive and Adapter.
 901 – Parallel Adapter
 1101 – Serial Adapter.
 1301 – Alternate Serial Adapter.
 1401 – Printer
 1701 – Hard Disk & Controller.

ERROR TONES.

1. System Unit – 1 long, short

2. Video Adapter – 1 long, 2 short
3. Keyboard – continues squeaking tone.
 TROUBLE SHOOTING THE COMPUTER

GENERAL POINTERS

Relax – If while trouble shooting you are going crazy trying to find the problem, do
something else for awhile. Leave it for the next day and get a good rest. Its amazing
how often sleep on the problem an answer may just pop into your head.

Work Systematically – The computer pars are connected together in systematic and
logical order. When you are trouble shooting, be sure to work systematically and check
each part that could possibly be causing the problem.

HUMAN ERROR:

Frequently the cause of problems is human error. The user may have done
something incorrect which causes the computer to work incorrectly. Some
common human errors area;

 Lack of familiarity with the software

 An incorrect command being executed in the software
 A wrong key being punched
 The hardware not being plugged in and turned on
 Not placing the disk in the correct drive
 Forgetting to close the drive door.

SOFTWARE MALFUNCTION:

Each piece of software has its own “personality” and can have bugs or problems
which have nothing to do with the hardware. Problems which can show up on your
screen after the A> Prompt usually software related. Since this course is primarily
hardware oriented, it is not appropriate that we mention all the possible software
related problem. If you have problems with the software a good starting place is to
consult the manual of that particular piece of software for possible remedies.

Another possibility is to call the software manufacture’s technical support line.

Also check your AUTOEXEC.BAT and conflicting programs and commands in these
two files. The solution is to remove some or all the commands and see if the computer
still has a problem.

HARDWARE MALFUNCTION:
 Problems which show up on your screen before the A> prompt are usually
hardware related. The following sections in this lesson is how to deal systematically
with hardware related problems.

SYMPTOMS AND POSSIBLE CURES.

WARNING!!! Don’t work on the insides of the computer with the power on. Turn off
the computer and disconnect the power card before opening the computer.

A. TROUBLESHOOTING THE SYSTEM UNIT:

(The system unit is the basic computer box i e chassis, motherboard, and power
supply)

A.1. Computer does not turn on and appears completely dead

 Is the power switch turned on?

 Is there power from the wall outlet? Plug a lamp into the wall socket to make
sure power is available.
 Is the power cord properly connected to the wall outlet and the undamaged?
If it looks damage, replace it.
 Open the system unit and push down on all chips to make sure they are
seated properly.
 Check the power connector from the power supply to the motherboard.
 Check the loose wire or foreign object such as a screw or nut causing a short.
 Jiggle all the connections inside and outside of the computer.
 Pull out and reinsert the entire card; try placing them in different slots (The
connections may be corroded.)
 Take out all the non-essential parts so that only the basic parts such as the
motherboard, power supply display card, controller and drive are left. Does
the computer work now? If so replace each part, one at a time until the
problem reoccurs. When you replace a part and the computer stops working,
you know that part is the reason for the problems. It can be replaced.
 If the computer still doesn’t operate, remove all the remaining cards
including the display card and the floppy controller including the display
card and floppy controller, turn on the power and check if the power supply
fan is running. If it runs, one of he cards you just remove is bad.
 If the computer doesn’t work with the minimal parts installed, start replacing
each of the remaining parts beginning with the power-supply, next the
display card, then the drive controller, and finally the motherboard.

A. 2. THERE IS A SMELL OF SMOKE:

  Shut off the computer.
 Open up the computer to determine the reason. It is usually a capacitor of
battery that has burned out. The faulty component will most likely be
blackened or ash gray. Replace the damaged subassembly.

A. 3. The computer “locks up” “hangs up” or “freezes.” In other words, you can’t
get any further in the software.

 This problem is usually software-related. Trey hitting the escape, control-

break of Control C key.
 Try “control-alt-delete” to reboot the computer.
 If you still cannot reboot, try the reset button if the computer has one or turn
on again.
 The software may not be able to handle the higher speed: Try a slower speed
and see what happen.
 If there is still a problem, use the same step as A. 1 (computer does not turn
on and appears completely dead)

A. 4 Error Reading Drive:

 Check to be sure there is a disk in the drive and that the drive door is closed.
 Try a different disk.

 Check to see if the disk is formatted. You may just need to format the disk
with DOS format command, first (WARNING be sure no important data is on
the disk before you try this)

A. 5 Bad command or file name:

 This message indicates an incorrect filename has been entered try re-entering
it with the proper syntax.

A. 6. Boot Failure:

 Are you living to “boot off a non-system disk. Insert a disk with a DOS and
see if it will boot. If it doesn’t boot follow the steps in the next (A. 7)

A-7. Drive makes noise or doesn’t run properly:

 There may be two diskette in the drive.

 The diskette maybe of poor quality and offers too much friction: try a
different diskette.
 Check whether the label has come off the disk and gotten stuck in the drive.
  Check the software. Is the software damaged or is a file missing. Try a new
copy of the program.
 If one drive giving problems, change the cables so as the reverse the drive
(Drive A becomes Drive B and vice versa). Is there still t he same problems
on the same drive, or has it moved to the other drive?
 Try the program on someone else’s computer. If it still doesn’t work, the
problem is probably the software.
 Check the drive cables to be sure they are firmly in place
 If the same drive shows the problem, try replacing the drive.
 If the other drive gives problems and the first one is OK, try swapping out
the floppy/hard disk controller.
 If the problem persists try swapping the motherboard.

A-8. Cannot format A 3 ½ inch drive for 720k:

 The “device” or “drive” data may have been lost in the config.sys file.

B. TROUBLESHOOTING THE HARD DISK DRIVE

B-1. The hard drive will not boot up when you turn on the computer, or the hard
drive makes unusual noise.

 Try booting off drive A and then see if you can access the hard disk. It is
accessible this means the track Zero is band the drive needs to be reformatted.
It could also mean that the boot up files are corrupted. In this case recopy the
DOS. X hidden files unto the hard drive with SYS command ( i e COPY SYS C
) and then copy the COMMAND.COM file unto the hard drive if that doesn’t
work, back up all the data on the drive and reformat the drive.
 Open the computer and check that no cables have come loose between the
drive and the hard disk controller.
 If the hard drive is totally in accessible you can try reformatting it. This will
cause all data to be lost. If you have valuable data on the drive you can take it
to service center (like hypertech) that specializes in hard drives and they may
able to save some of the data.
 If the computer drive will not reformat try the drive on another computer
with the same drive. Still not working? Replace the drive with a functioning
one.
 Try another one of the same type of controllers in your computer. If the drive
works, replaced he faulty controller.

C. TROUBLESHOOTING THE MONITOR

C-1. The computer seems to be working, but the screen is blank.

  Is the monitor turned on? Check the green LED power on the monitor if it has
one.
 Adjust the brightness and contrast control all the way to maximum.
 Check the power cable. Is it connected properly at both ends?
 Try a different monitor on you computer. If it doesn’t work, the display card
is likely at fault. Replace the display card.
 Try your monitor on a different computer. If it doesn’t work, replace the
monitor or have it repaired by a trained technician.

C-2.. Computer boots, but displays “junk” on the screen.

 It maybe that the display card is defective, try a different card. If it works
then your first card maybe bad.
 Try the suspected bad card on another computer. If it displays the same
thing it is fairly conclusive that the card is bad.
 Try the original keyboard on a different computer. If it doesn’t work
properly, the keyboard is at fault and needs to be replaced.

D-2 You strike the key once and it produces two letters. Striking keys produces
no results on screen. Some keys transmit characters and Some don’t Wrong
character set displayed.

 Check the keyboard connector at the back of the computer to make sure it is
properly plugged in.
 Check that the problem is not software-related by using different software.
 Check for possible stuck keys.
 Try a different keyboard.
 The switches under the keys tend to wear out from constant use and
humidity. Also dirt can get between the contacts thereby affecting the
connections. You can try taking the key tops off and cleaning the contacts
with rubbing alcohol.

E. TROUBLESHOOTING THE MEMORY

E-1. Parity Errors.

 Parity errors indicate that a memory chip is bad.

 First, if the computer has a memory expansion board determines if the faulty
chip is one the memory board or the motherboard. If they parity error came
up during the RAM check it will stop at the number at which the faulty chip
is located.
  If the fault is with the memory card hopefully a RAM chip testing program
will have come with the card when you purchased it. This program will
locate and often display graphically where the faulty chip is. If you don’t
have such a program use the same procedure as outline on the succeeding
notes.
 It is hard to track down the exact chip which is bad on the motherboard
because each BIOS (which sends the error message) for the clone uses a
different error massage coding. Finding the faulty chip can be radius task.
 Take out all memory cards.
 Try pressing down on all the RAM chips on the motherboard, sometimes
corrosion will affect the contacts and cause the parity error. Pressing down
on the chips help seat the chips and improve the connections.
 Take out the last bank of chips and change the DIP switches to reflect any
changes in the amount of memory installed.

 Do you still have parity error? If not you know that the bad chip(s) is one or
more of nine installed chips. Replaced it one are a time with the nine chips
that you just removed. Turn on the computer after installing each chip to see
if a parity error pops up. If it does, you know you have found the bad chip.
Replace any bad chip(s) with new one(s).

F. TROUBLSHOOTING THE INTERNAL/MODEM

Cannot call out or receive calls.

 Make sure the phone line is clear and operable by calling out with a
telephone.
 Double check that the parameters for baud, parity stop bits, etc, have been set
property.
 Check that the COM ports are matched between the hardware and the
communication software.
 Check that you have the proper COM port number. DTR setting and
interrupt level setting.
 The software may not be functioning properly. Try it on another computer.
If it does not work the software is your suspect.
 Try another communications software on you computer.
 Try taking out or disabling all other serial ports to see, if the problem is
caused by a COM port. IRQ or DTR conflict.
 Try your modem in another computer if it does not work there also, the
modem is you suspect and should be replaced.
 Try another modem in your computer.

G. TROUBLESHOOTING THE SERIAL MOUSE.

 G.1. Serial mouse does not respond.

 The COM settings the DTR settings and possibly the interrupt setting need to
be set properly on the serial card. Check w/ the manual to be sure you have
the correct setting.
 Remove all other serial ports to be sure they are not conflicting w/ the mouse.
 Try a different mouse on your computer. If it works the original mouse is
probably faulty and needs to be replaced or repaired.
 Try the mouse on another computer if it does not work the mouse is probably
faulty and needs to be replaced or repaired.

TROUBLESHOOTING THE PRINTER

H-1. Printer will not Print.

 Serial printers can be very problematic. They may require you to get a special
cable: redirect the parameters from LPT1 to COM1: and set the baud rate and
parity to match between the software and the printer. Check with the
manufacturer or documentation for the correct installation procedure. Also
check the following steps as for parallel printer problems.
 With the parallel printer check the connecting of the printer cable to the printer
and computer.

COMPUTER PARTS.

It can be quite helpful to learn something about the parts, which make up the
computer; this knowledge can be used for purchasing, expanding, upgrading and
troubleshooting you computer. A part merely refers to a complete stand-alone unit of
the computer such as a keyboard, monitor, or expansion card. These parts all fit
together with cables, screws or edge connectors, there are only eight basic parts
(subassemblies) required to make up a functioning computer. The eight parts required
for a basic functionary ATX clone.
All other parts are optional and are used to enhance the capabilities of the computer.
The more popular add-on accessories are the ff:

(A) Chassis
(B) Power supply
(C) Mother board
(D) Floppy drive (s)
(E) Floppy controller or cable
(F) Display card
(G) Monitor
(H) Keyboard
(I) Hard Drive
 (J) Hard Disk Controller Or Cable
(K) Memory Expansion Card
(L) Modems
(M) CD-ROM drive
(N) Speakers
(O) Processors w/ Heat Sink
(P) CMOS Battery

A. CHASSIS

The chassis is the frame within which the computer is housed. Most fall into one
of two categories, the flip-top or AT slide-out type of chassis.

One very innovative characteristic of many XT clones is the flip-top chassis. This
feature above all helps to demystify the insides of the computer box for most people.
With the flip-top chassis it is only a matter of pressing two buttons on each side of the
computer. If you have a frequent pulse thinker do yourself a favor and get clip-top
case. With a flip-top case, you can get to the motherboard and cards quickly to your
systems this kind of case is almost a necessity.

One problem with the flip-top chassis occurs if the computer is in a public area, it
would be easy for someone to open the lid and quickly help themselves to your
expansion cards.

The chassis is typically constructed of sheet metal which shields the circuitry
against radio frequency interference. It is important that heavy gauge metal is used.
Some chassis are made of light gauge metal and are not sturdy enough. This may cause
the top of the chassis to sag under the weight of the monitor.

A recent innovation in computer design has been the ‘tower design”. With the
design, the computer stands on its side on the floor rather than laying flat on a desk.
This of course frees up a great deal of precious desk space. Allow cost alternative to
buying a computer with this design is to simply turn your standard XT computer on its
side. Make sure the power switch in on top and that your computer will not fall over
rock or be kicked. (Rocking a computer while the hard disk is running can cause it to
lose data or crash.)

B. POWER SUPPLIES

The power supply converts the typical 220 or 110-volt house voltage into the
various voltages required by the computer. Each subassembly draws come electricity
which is measured in watts. The typical XT clone comes equipped with a 150 w power
supply. This is more than adequate for most needs. The reason for this is that
computer technology is moving toward the use of more efficient chips which require a
fraction of the electrical current of previous chips. This means that power supplies can
technology and require only a 70 watt power supply.

Variation in electrical power (such as spikes and surges) can damage your
computer. For this reason be sure to use a surge protector on your computer.
When recommending or buying a power supply, check for the following
features.
Lower noise level - The most usual annoyance of a power supply is the fan. Some fans
are quieter than others. Unfortunately, they all make some noise. Before purchasing a
computer or power supply, check to make sure that the fan is not excessively noisy.

Initializing Pulse – If the you buy a power supply and want to be prepared for a
possible XT to AT/386 upgrade in the future be sure it has the proper initializing pulse
in pin 1.
Automatic Overload and open circuit Shutdown – Check to see if the power supply has
“overload protect”. If a short circuit or overload develops in the computer, the power
supply will save itself from being damaged by automatically shutting off. This feature
may save other components, as well as power consumption.

Switch able Voltage – Make sure the power supply can’ be switched from 110 to 220
volts to accommodate foreign voltage.

POWER REQUIREMENTS IN WATTS

RAM MEMORY FAILURE ERROR CODES

XX 000 XX 201
 BANK NO. CHIP NO. MEMORY ERROR
10 – BANK 00 – PARITY
20 – BANK 2 01 - D0 CHIP
30 – BANK 3 02 – D1 CHIP
03 – D2 CHIP
04 – D3 CHIP
08 – D4 CHIP
10 – D5 CHIP
80 – D7 CHIP

DOS AUDIO ERRORS CODES

DOS AUDIO ERRORS ARE HEARD IF TH COMPONENTS FAILS DURING

BOOTUP

BEEPS FAILURE 200s MEMORY (RAM)

NO DISPLAY NO BEEPS POWER xxyyy xxyy 2o1 BAD CHIP

CONTINUES BEEP POWER THE NUMBER THAT APPEAR
BEFORE 2o1
REPEATING SHORT BEEPS POWER INDICATE THE LOCATION OF
ONE LONG AND TWO THE BAD CHIP BUT ARE
INTERPRETED DIFFERENTLY.
SHORT BEEPS DISPLAY ACCORDING TO YOUR PC’S
MAKE MODEL.
ONE SHORT BEEP DISPLAY AND MEMORY ADD-INS
ONE LONG AND THREE
SHORT BEEPS EGA 2o1.2o2 MOMORY TEST FAILED
2o1. 215 MEMORY ADDRESS
ERROR
216 MOTHERBOARD MEMORY

DOS ERROR CODES KEYBOARD ERRORS

DOS ERRORS CODES APPEAR IN THE 3o1 IMPROPER KEYBOARD

UPPER LEFT HAND CORNER OF YOUR RESPONSE OR STOCK
SCREEN WHENEVER THERE’S A PROMLEM KEY
USUALLY AS YOUR COMPUTER IS BOOTING 3o2 USED-INDICATED
SOME OF THESE CODES APPEAR ONLY ERROR FROM
WHENE YOU RUN THE DIAGNOSTICS KEYBOARD LOCKED
DISKETTE FOR YOUR PC EXACT 3O3 KEYBOARD OR SYSTEM
INTERPRETATION OF THE CODE IS OFTEN 341 REPLACE KEYBOARD
UNNECESSARY, BUT THE CLASS OF THE 342 REPLACE INTERFACE
CODE (1oos, 2oos, AND SO ON) CAN HELP CABLE
IDENTIFY THE PROBLEM AREA 343 REPLACE
ENHANCEMENT CARD
OE CABLE.

100s MOTHERBOARD 400sMONOCHROMEMONITOR

1o1 INTERUPT FAILURE 4o1 MONOCHOME MEMORY

1o2 TIMER FAILURE HORIZONTAL SYNC
VIDEO
1o3 TIMER INTERRUPT OR TEST FAILED
1o4 TIMER INTERRUPT FAILURE 4o3 416 INDICATED DISPLAY
1o7 HOT NON-MASKABLE 424 PARALLEL PORT TEST
INTERRUPT (NMI) TEST FAILED
1o6 TIMER BUS TEST 500’s COLOR MONITOR
1o9 DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS
11o MOTHERBOARD 5o1 COLOR MEMORY,
111 ADAPTER MEMORY HORIZONTAL SYNC, OR
112 113 ANY ADAPTER IN SYSTEM VIDEO TEST FAILED
FAILED
166 UNIT 5o3 516 USER-INDICATED
121 HARDWARE INTERRRUPTS DISPLAY
151 DEFECTIVE BATTERY 524, 532 ATTRIBUTE OF MODE
152 REAL TIME CLOCK 540, 549 FAILURE
161 BATTERY FAILURE
161, 165 SYSTEM OPTIONS NOT SET
199 CORRECTLY (RUN SETUP)
163 TIME AND DATE NOT SET
164 MEMORY SIZE ERROR

600’s DISKETTE 1700’s FIXED DISK/ADAPTER

601 DISKETTE POWER-ON 1702 TIME OUT ERROR

DIAGNOSTIC TEST 1703 SEEK ERROR
FAILED 1704 DISK ADAPTER ERROR
602 BOOT RECORD BOT VALID 1705 NOT RECORD FOUND
603 DISKETTE SIZE ERROR 1706 WRITE FAULT ERROR
606 DISKETTE VERIFY 1707 TRACK 0 ERROR
607 WRITE PROTECTED 1708 HEAD SELECT ERROR
608 BAD COMMAND CHECK 1709 DEFECTIVE ERROR
DISKETTE STATUS 1710 READ BUFFER OVERRUN
610 DISKETTE INITIALIZATION 1711 BAD ADDRESS MARK
611 TIME OUT 1712 UNDETERMINED ERROR
612 BAD CONTROLLER 1713 DATA COMPARE-ERROR
613,614 DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS 1714 DRIVE NOT READY
621 BAD SEEK 1708, 1790 DISK 0 FAILURE
622 BAD CYCLIC REDUNDANCY 1791, 1792 DISK 1 FAILURE
623 RECORD NOT FOUND 1782 DISK ADAPTER ERROR
623 BAD ADDRESS MARK
624 BAD CONTROLLER SEEK
625 DISKETTE CHANGE LINE
626 DISKETTE REMOVED

700’s MATH COMPROCESSOR

701 MPROCESSOR TEST FAILED

900’s – 1000’s
PARALLEL PRINTER ADAPTER

 PARALLEL PRINTER ADAPTER

o ALT PRINTER ADAPTER TEST

1400s PRINTER

 PRINTER TEST FAILED

 MATRIX PRINTER FAILED

SYMPTOMS TROUBLE REMEDY

SYSMPTOMS TROUBLE REMEDY
Detect in CMOS setup
1. HD failure Hard Disk
early; check the parameters
2. FDD failure Floppy Disk Drive
Detect in CMOS setup
3. Mouse not detected Mouse Replace the Mouse.

4. Blackout Monitor Check the power cord. If it

is properly connected
5. Blackout Defective Motherboard Replace the Motherboard
6. A:/is not accessible Defective FDD Replace the FDD

7. Invalid or missing Command.com was erased Locate new command.com

command.com or destroyed. SYS. C:\

8. Blackout Video card is not properly Insert properly the Video

inserted to the card to the motherboard
motherboard slot. slot.
9. Keyboard error or no Defective keyboard Replace the keyboard
keyboard present
10. Mouse Hang or Dirty Mouse Clean the surface.
movement problem
11. CD-ROM failure Defective CD-ROM drive Replace the CD-ROM drive
12. Blackout (Continuous Memory Connect the memory card
beep long) properly
13. Blackout (One long 3 Video Card Replace the Video card
short beep) Properly.
14. No Beep Motherboard Replace the Motherboard
15. No Beep Microprocessor Replace the Microcessor.
16. Blackout Defective Processor Replace the Processor
17. Blackout Defective Power Supply Replace Power Supply
18. No Beep Power Supply Replace the Power supply.
Check the fan of power
supply it is okay.
19. Speaker no Response Bad Speaker Check if the audio jack is
connected to the sound
card.
20. Power –On indication Power connections. PC Check AC connections
but no operation, flicking power supply 220/110- Check set voltage selector
led. voltage selector: 220
21. IRQ conflict (mouse) CMOS setup properties Go to the CMOS click
disabled. power management setup
& got to IRQ l2 & set to
primary
22. Mouse Movement Track sensor defective Replace mouse if not
Malfunction repairable & clean it.
23. On-Screen message: Defective or damaged disk It has left a non-system
Hard Disk Drive failure diskette in drive A: in w/o
case, simply open the
drives latch, press a key an
proceed the work.
24. Disk Boot Failure Missing Operation System Insert the installer DOS
command or boot disk.
25. Hang Defective Memory Replace Memory
26. CMOS BIOS error Battery Problems Replace the Battery
27. Mouse Buttons Left Sensor defective Replace Mouse if not
Defective (Left Click) repairable.
28. Error Writing in LPT1 Defective Printer Cable Replace Printer cable.
29. Blurred Printout Printer Adjust print registration
level to the correct setting.
30. Ribbon rolls in one Printer Fix Ribbon Assembly.
direction
31. Certain keys are not Keyboard is locked Unlocked keyboard
function.
32. Sound card cannot PCI slot through the Try to replace the sound
detect Motherboard card through the other one
PCI slot.
33. Invalid drive Disk Error Close floppy drive door.
specification
34. Mouse not detected Defective controller card. Replace controller card.
35. A:\ is not accessible Defective microfloppy disk Replace microfloppy disk
drive. drive.
36. A:\ is not accessible Dirty microfloppy disk Clean microfloppy disk
drive head. drive head.
37. Keyboard Error Keyboard Connection Check the keyboard
connector if it is connect to
the motherboard keyboard
connector.
38. General Failure reading Disk Error Format or replace disk or
drive x. drive.
39. A:\ is not accessible Micro floppy disk drive is Insert properly the micro
not properly inserted to floppy disk drive to IDE
IDE port port.
40. Poor Printout Printer Fix ribbon assembly
41. Errors Message in the Format or replace disk or
17xx or 101xx. drive.
42. Garbage Printout Wrong printer Reinstall device driver or
configuration configure into ECP/EPP to
normal.
43. Error Writing in LPT1 Printer driver is not Install printer driver.
installed.
44. Printer don’t initialize Sensor Problem Clean the sensor.
45. Printer don’t initialize. Loose print head cable Repair print head cable.
46.