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SumreenSatti
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SOCIO ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF PAKISTAN OUTLINE Introduction * — Aproblem-free society; desire of every individual * Defining social and economic problems © Why they are menace? Social Problems * Poor law and order situation + Poverty + Miiteracy © Corup.ion © Unemployment * Child Labour * External Challenges + Terrorism * Enlightened Moderation * Domestic Challenges Economic Problems * Power crises and war on terrorism, root of basic economic problems © Loss of MNCs business © Tumbling stock market © Unprecedented inflation * Declining exports © Loss of Foreign Exchange through Tourism Industry + Influx of local people from war-ridden areas and their rehabilitation Remedies * Improved law and order situation © Poverty alleviation + Stem accountability © Building new dams to curb energy crises Conclusion ESSAY Economic turmoil in Pakistan is due to facets of reasons. The country since its very inception has remained in a vicious cycle of political instability, the lamentable lack of civilian leadership, long military rules and weak institutions. The cumulative implications of the scenario manifest Adhocism, inconsistencies in economic policies, foreign debt and fragile industnal policy. The people of the country have been facing intractable repercussions of economic tum down as increasing poverty, unflinching corruption, and awful conditions of governance. War on terror has further economic conditions of Pakistan. The country has got invincible economic losses in the war against terror, The solution of economic problems of Pakistan lies in true democratic order, rule of law, consistent economic policies and the reduction of foreign debt and more investment in the country. Certain social and economic conditions become a menace for the society when they start asserting negative influence on the society. Usually those social needs which persist in a society a long period of time without being fulfilled owing to restrained budgetary scenarios, tum into socio- economic problems. The major problems of a society are linked with the providence of basic necessities of life to the people making up the society. If the basic needs of man - shelter, food and, clothing are not fulfilled, the deprivation of these needs gradually transforms into different forms of social menaces. [n the context of Pakistan, owing to the fact that itis a developing nation, there 1s no ‘wonder that it is engulfed with a number of social and economical problems. The real issue is not the presence of these problems in society because, as stated carlier, there is no concept of an ideal society in the world. Every country in the world has its own set of socio-economic problems. The main issue is the extent and intensity of the socio-economic problems of Pakistan which have soared to alarming levels, Following are socio-economic problems of our country. Pakistan has been facing a lot of social problems since its inception in 1947. In the start there were the problems of lack of funds, rehabilitation of refugees, poor infrastructure and widespread poverty of masses. Quaid-e-Azam tried his best to solve these problems and get the state machinery working but due to his sudden death, he could not eradicate these problems completely. Subsequent governments didn't pay considerable attention towards solution of various social problems and thus they grew with the passage of time and became social evils. At present the gravest problem that Pakistan is facing is its precarious law and order condition. Terrorism has become a headache for federation and a nightmare for public. Government has been helpless in eradicating terrorism despite beefing up security in metropolitan cities. Public seeks answer to the question that what is their fault for which they are being punished by the terrorists? People have become numerical figures, blown up in numbers every now and then Terrorists have not spared any place. Bazars, mosques, educational institutes. offices, hotels are not safe any more. Besides terrorism, there are other social problems which are older and more widespread. The biggest of these problems is poverty. 70% population of Pakistan lives in villages. Most of them don't hhave aecess to adequate basic needs of life. They are struggling for bread and butter. A large chunk of population lives below poverty line. They live in miserable conditions. Lack of proper food, clothing and shelter, poor sanitation, unsafe and sometimes contaminated drinking water are just some of their many problems, Poverty itself gives rise to vanous other social problems. It deprives children of poor people to access education and healtheare. A sense of deprivation manifests itself tn form of various crimes. That is why every now and then we read crime stories in newspapers that are characterized by lower orders of society who adopt illegal channels to get the financial prosperity which they can not achieve otherwise. Ilhteracy is yet another problem of Pakistan, The literacy rate lingers on 56% and ironically it also includes those people who can read and write their name in Urdu. Over the decades, despite decreasing, illiteracy rate in Pakistan has shown an upward trend. Not only that but also the ratio of students at primary level has shown a decreasing trend. The fact that 50 percent of children do not complete their primary education testifies this fact. Uneducated adults contribute negligibly to the national exchequer, Despite spending millions on it, government has failed to achieve literacy rates comparable to other countries in South Asia. Private sector is doing commendable job for the promotion of educational culture in Pakistan, but its main objective is money-making. Schools and colleges are opened as a business prospect and thus many of them lack quality, Corruption is another huge social problem. According to latest report of Transparency International, Pakistan has been ranked at 42nd number among the most corrupt nations of the world. From clerical staff to higher offices and bureaucrats, all are involved in corruption of one kind or the other. Corruption in government departments is so much deep-rooted that a common concept prevails that the system doesn’t let honest people to work peacefully. There is a lack of accountability due to which wealthy people and those in power are sure that they can’t be held responsible for their deeds. So they keep on looting the national treasures and find ways to legalize their black-money, Many corrupt people don't even bother to do that. Unemployment is also regarded as a major social problem. Major portion of Pakistan's population consists of youth and a large number of young people who have the ability and are-vwilling to work are unemployed. Currently rate of unemployment as per official resources is 7.4% but according to some private estimates the arte of unemployment is 12%, There are many reasons of unemployment like influx of machinery that has replaced manpower, lack of new industnes and defective education system. But the impacts of unemployment are more serious and dangerous. People who don't find work here migrate to other countries with better prospects. Also, people tired of making both ends meet due to unemployment indulge in nefarious activities and ratio of crimes increases. Child labour is widespread in Pakistan, Whether in bigger cities or in small villages, we find innocent malnourished children employed in various forms of labour. They are working as welders, mechanics, plumbers, electricians and in industries like carpet-weaving, glass and football making. Meager wages are paid to these children and no facilities for education are provided, Media and NGOs have always condemned child labour. In past, some countries refused to import those goods from Pakistan in whose making children were employed, But despite all these factors, due to growing inflation and poverty, parents are bound to send their children to work to light their stoves. ‘These are just few of the many social problems Pakistan is facing today. Population expansion has been a real issue of concern for all governments. With limited resources, it is very difficult to cater to the needs of growing population. There is a great economic disparity among the people, Poor are committing suicides out of hunger while rich are busy amassing more and more wealth. These social problenis directly affect the masses, Apart from these, there are several economic problems which have broken the backbone of national treasury. Externally, Pakistan faced challenges mainly on two counts; the conflict in Afghanistan and the unresolved Kashmir dispute. In the past two decades, we have been victims of terrorism that today poses a major threat worldwide. Domestically, six years ago we inherited an economy in shambles compounded by corruption and misrule. Many in the media had dismissed Pakistan as a failing state. We have turned the comer on all counts. While the danger of global confrontation has receded with the end of the Cold War, the world remains an insecure place with the persistence of old disputes such as Palestine and Kashmir, new conflicts such as Afghanistan and Iraq and the new threat of terrorism. In neighbouring Afghanistan, the emergence of al-Qaeda and extremist forces owed in a large part to international indifference and neglect that the country suffered following the exit of the Soviet troops. Much could have been salvaged had the intemational community paid attention and taken timely steps to rebuild Afghanistan, In the globalized and interconnected world, security is indivisible and conflict situations cannot be insulated in today's international environment. 9/11 shook the world that woke up to the new reality of terrorism. Pakistan became a frontline state to fight against this danger. We believe that terrorism must be rejected and countered forcefully as it threatened to disrupt modem societies, We also believe that along with action to eliminate and dismantle terrorist cells, there is need to address the root causes that lic in political disputes and deprivation and poverty that breed extremism, A paralle! danger is implicit in the false notion of clash of civilizations, specifically the West and Islam and tendency to malign the Islamic faith. This dangerous thesis and prejudices must be

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