University of Baghdad - College of Engineering

Department of Chemical Engineering

M. Sc. Entry Exam

Date: 20/6/2023 Time: 3h (9:00 AM)

Q1: Choose the right answer of the following articles. (60 Marks)

1. The dimensions of viscosity in SI units must be ………

a) Poise b) Kg/m.s c) Kg.m/𝑠 2 d) N.m e) g/cm.

2. For Newtonian fluids, the shear rate is proportional to ………

a) the time. b) the shear stress. c) the axial force.
d) the dimensions of the pipe. e) the viscosity of the fluid.

∆𝑝 𝑑𝑖
3. 𝑓 = in pipes where f is known as ………
2 𝑢2 𝐿 𝜌
[ Note: ∆𝑝 is the pressure drop, 𝑑𝑖 is the inside diameter of the pipe, u is the average velocity
of the fluid in the pipe, L is the pipe length and 𝜌 is the density of the fluid].
a) Fanning friction factor. b) force exerted by the fluid. c) correction factor.
d) roughness factor. e) basic friction factor.

4. The velocity profile for laminar flow in a pipe is ………

a) circular. b) linear. c) flattened. d) parabolic.
e) of undefined shape.

5. Positive displacement pump is also known as ………

a) centrifugal pump. b) diphragm pump. c) reciprocating pump.
d) axial – flow pump. e) none of the previous.

6. Turbine type agitator is suitable to mix ………

a) gases. b) liquids. c) solids.
d) gas-liquid mixtures. e) gas–liquid-solid mixtures.

7. The following equation is known as ………

𝐸1 + ∆𝑊1 + ∆𝑞 = 𝐸2 + ∆𝑊2
[ Where: E is the total energy of the fluid, W is the work done on the fluid and q is the heat
energy added to the fluid].
a) momentum balance. b) mass balance. c) energy balance.
d) Bernoulli equation. e) modified Bernoulli equation.

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 University of Baghdad - College of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
M. Sc. Entry Exam

Date: 20/6/2023 Time: 3h (9:00 AM)

8. The roughness factor is an indication of ………
a) roughness of the pipe wall. b) viscosity increases of the fluid.
c) velocity increase of the fluid. d) type of the fluid. e) type of flow.

9. If heat is being transferred through three layers, with the same area A, and if no heat is
accumulated in the system, then:
a) the heat transferred through each layer is the same.
b) the temperature difference through each layer is the same.
c) the heat transferred is the sum of the heat transferred through each layer.
d) the thermal conductivity is the same for each layer.
e) neither of the above.

10. If two fluids are flowing in a counter-current flow,

a) the temperatures of the two streams progressively approach one another.
b) it is possible for the cooling liquid to leave at a higher temperature than the heating liquid.
c) the outlet temperature of the heating fluid must always be higher than that of the cooling
fluid.
d) no change in temperature in either of the two streams.
e) all of the above.

11. Considering the thermal conductivity values,

a) metals have very high thermal conductivities. b) nonmetallic solids have lower values.
c) nonmetallic liquids with low values. d) gases with very low values.
e) All of the above.

12. Estimate the heat loss from a (50cm x75cm) brick wall with 75 cm thickness when the
inner surface is at 550 K and the outside surface is at 150 K. The thermal conductivity of the
brick may be taken as 0.7 W/mK.
a) 150 b) -140 c) 200 d) 140 e) 80

13. Thermal diffusivity and Biot number are:

𝑘 𝐿 𝑘 𝑘 𝑘 ℎ 𝜌 𝑐𝑝 ℎ
a) , b) , c) , d) ,
𝜌 𝑐𝑝 ℎ𝑘 𝜌 𝑐𝑝 ℎ𝐿 𝜌 𝑐𝑝 𝐿𝑘 𝑘 𝐿𝑘
𝜌 ℎ
e) ,
𝐿𝑘 𝐿𝑘

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 University of Baghdad - College of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
M. Sc. Entry Exam

Date: 20/6/2023 Time: 3h (9:00 AM)

14. The baffles are used in a heat exchanger:
a) to increase the velocity over the tubes. b) to decrease the velocity over the tubes.
c) there is no effect. d) have a simple flow. e) all of the above.

15. Stefan-Boltzmann constant

a) 5.67x108 W/m2K. b) 7.65x108 K/m2 W. c) 5.67x10 -8 W/m2K.
d) 5.67x10 -8 m/K2 W. e) none of the above.

16. In forced convection, Nusselt number is a function of:

a) Reynolds, Grashof, and Prandtl numbers. b) Prandtl, Grashof numbers
c) Reynolds number only. d) Reynolds, and Prandtl numbers.
e) Peclet, Reynolds, Grashof, and Prandtl numbers.

17. In vapor compression refrigeration cycle, the throttle valve is connected between the
…………
a) Compressor and condenser. b) Condenser and pump.
c) Condenser and evaporator. d) Evaporator and compressor.
e) Boiler and turbine.

18. Clapeyron Equation deals with the …………

a) Rate of change of vapour pressure with temperature.
b) Effect of an inert gas on vapour pressure.
c) Calculation of ΔG for spontaneous phase change.
d) Temperature dependence of heat of phase transition. e) None of these.

19. Cp - Cv = R is valid for ………… gases.

a) Ideal. b) Very high pressure. c) Very low temperature.
d) Low pressure and low temperature. e) All of the above.

20. Degree of freedom of the system ice-water-vapour will be

a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3 e) 4

21. Claude gas liquefaction process employs cooling

a) At constant pressure. b) By throttling. c) By expansion in an engine.
d) by compression. e) None of these.

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 University of Baghdad - College of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
M. Sc. Entry Exam

Date: 20/6/2023 Time: 3h (9:00 AM)

22. Coefficient of Performance (COP) of a refrigerator is the ratio of the
a) Work required to refrigeration obtained.
b) Refrigeration obtained to the work required c) Lower to higher temperature.
d) Higher to lower temperature. e) None of these.

23. Carnot cycle efficiency is maximum when

a) initial temperature is 0°K. b) final temperature is 0°K.
c) difference between initial and final temperature is 0°K.
d) final temperature is 0°C. e) initial temperature is minimum possible.

24. Third law of thermodynamics is concerned with the

a) Value of absolute entropy. b) Energy transfer. c) Mass transfer
d) Direction of energy transfer. e) None of these.

25. A chemical reaction is described as a homogeneous if it is:

a) All reactants, products and catalysts are in the same phase.
b) One or more of the reactants, products or catalysts are in different phases.
c) Only reactants are in the gas phase.
d) Only required products are in the gas phase.
e) The reaction does not require any catalyst.

26. Suppose there is a reaction that occurs at a temperature of 400 °C and has an activation
energy of 40 kJ/mol. For this reaction, and to double the reaction constant, an increase in
temperature will be required is about:
a) 11°C. b) 65 °C. c) 106 °C. d) 233 °C. e) 744 °C.

27. On doubling the concentration of reactant, the rate of reaction triples. The reaction order
is:
a) 0.631 b) 0.667 c) 1.500 d) 1.585 e) 2.000

28. The unit of the reaction rate constant for first-order reaction is:
a) (time)-1. b) (conc.) (time)-1. c) (conc.)-1(time)-1.
d) (conc.)-1(time) 1. e) Dimensionless.

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 University of Baghdad - College of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
M. Sc. Entry Exam

Date: 20/6/2023 Time: 3h (9:00 AM)

-1
29. A reactor space-velocity of 2 min means that:
a) Two reactor volumes of feed are being fed into the reactor every one minute.
b) One reactor volume of feed is being treated by this reactor every two minutes.
c) Reaction conditions change every two minutes.
d) Reaction mixture doubles in volume every one minute.
e) None of the above!

30. We are constructing a 1-liter popcorn popper to be operated in steady flow. First tests in
this unit show that 1 liter/min of raw corn feed stream produces 28 liter/min of mixed exit
stream. If independent tests show that when raw corn pops its volume goes from 1 to 31, then
the fraction of raw corn is popped in the unit is:
a) 0.6667 b) 0.9000 c) 0.9335 d) 0.9643 e) 1.1111

31. Consider a feed CAo= 100, CBo = 200, with inert concentration CIo= 100, to a steady-flow
reactor. The isothermal gas-phase reaction is.
A  3B  6 R
If CA= 40 at the reactor exit, then the conversion of material A (xA) equal to:
a) 0.40 b) 0.50 c) 0.75 d) 0.80
e) 1.00 (total conversion)

32. A liquid reactant stream (1 mol/liter) passes through two mixed flow reactors in a series.
The concentration of A in the exit of the first reactor is 0.5 mol/liter. If the reaction is first
order with respect to A and the concentration of A in the exit of the Second reactor is 0.25
mol/liter. Then the volume ratio of second reactor to the first reactor (V2/V1) is:
a) 0.50 b) 1.00 c) 2.00 d) 2.72 e) 3.33

33. The slope of the feed q-line is ……… when the feed is a saturated liquid to a distillation
column.
a) 10-100. b) unknown. c) unity. d) zero. e) infinity.

34. The composition of a product ……… with increasing the reflux ratio.
a) remains unaffected. b) decreases.
c) passes through a maximum. d) increases. e) passes through a minimum.

35. The unit of diffusivity is ………

a) m2/s2. b) m/s2. c) m2/s. d) m2.s. e) m.s2.

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 University of Baghdad - College of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
M. Sc. Entry Exam

Date: 20/6/2023 Time: 3h (9:00 AM)

36. The Fick’s first law of diffusion is given by equation:
𝑑𝐶𝐵 𝑑𝐶𝐴 𝑑𝐶𝐴
a) 𝑁𝐴 = −𝐷𝐴𝐵 . b) 𝑁𝐴 = −𝐷𝐴𝐵 . c) 𝑁𝐴 = 𝐷𝐴𝐵 .
𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑧
𝑑𝐶𝐴 𝑑𝐶𝐵
d) 𝑁𝐴 = −𝐷𝐵𝐴 . e) 𝑁𝐴 = 𝐷𝐵𝐴 .
𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑡

37. A process involving transferring a gas from its mixture to liquid is named ……….
a) absorption. b) diffusion. c) leaching. d) extraction. e) adsorption.

38. At equilibrium, the net diffusion of components between the phases ……….
a) is infinite. b) is zero. c) never occurs.
d) changes continuously. e) fluctuates.

39. ………. is the essential driving force of mass transfer.

a) pressure gradient. b) concentration gradient. c) chemical potential.
d) temperature gradient. e) physical potential.

40. The diffusion mode is ………. when NA = -NB.

a) stagnant diffusion. b) convective diffusion.
c) un-equimolecular counter diffusion. d) equimolecular counter diffusion.
e) turbulent diffusion.

Q2: Answer the following questions. (40 Marks)

1. Calculate the volumetric flow rate of a fluid (density 1200 Kg/m3 and viscosity 0.01 N.s/m2)
flowing in a pipe of inside diameter (0.0526 m) if Reynolds number is 7322. (5 Marks)

2. A heat exchanger is required to cool continuously 20 kg/s of water from 360 K to 335 K by
means of 25 kg/s of cold water, inlet temperature 300 K. The overall coefficient of heat transfer
is 2 kW/m2 K. Calculate the total area of surface required if the heat exchanger operates in
counterflow mode. (5 Marks)

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 University of Baghdad - College of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
M. Sc. Entry Exam

Date: 20/6/2023 Time: 3h (9:00 AM)

3. As shown in figure below: Tair = 25 C, Pgauge = 210 kPa, Vtire = 0.025 m3, Patmospheric = 100
o

kPa, assume air behaves as an ideal gas and Vtire remains constant. (1) If Tair = 45 oC, calculate
the final pressure. (2) Estimate kg of air (MW = 29) that has to be bled off to return pressure
to its prime value at Tair = 45 oC. (PV = nRT). (5 Marks)

4. Start from the fundamentals and the definition of the recycle ratio (R), to drive the
performance equation of a recycle-reactor with a first order liquid phase reaction. (5 Marks)

5. Ammonia gas is diffusing at a constant rate through a layer of stagnant air 1 mm thick,
conditions are fixed so that the gas concentration is 50% by volume of ammonia at one
boundary of a stagnant layer. The ammonia diffusing to another boundary is quickly absorbed
and the concentration is negligible at a plane. The temperature is 295 K and the pressure is
atmospheric. Under these conditions, the diffusivity of ammonia in air is 0.18 cm2/s. Calculate
the rate of diffusion of ammonia through the layer. (5 Marks)

6. Solve the equation: (7 Marks)

( 𝟏 + 𝟑𝒙 𝑺𝒊𝒏 𝒚)𝒅𝒙 − 𝒙𝟐 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒚 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

7. A hot liquid flows through a pipe (not insulated) with constant velocity (v). Find the
differential equation which describe the variation of liquid temperature with axial distance
pipe and with time. (8 Marks)

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