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Lecture 9-Binary Distillation Problems

The document discusses calculating the number of theoretical plates required for a distillation column separating a binary mixture of heptane and ethyl benzene using the Lewis-Sorel method. Given information about the feed composition and desired compositions of distillate and waste products, material balances are used to determine the compositions at each plate. Transfer unit equations are applied recursively to solve for the compositions moving down the column, identifying 6 theoretical plates are needed with the feed entering on the 4th plate.

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Wasim Nawaz
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77 views

Lecture 9-Binary Distillation Problems

The document discusses calculating the number of theoretical plates required for a distillation column separating a binary mixture of heptane and ethyl benzene using the Lewis-Sorel method. Given information about the feed composition and desired compositions of distillate and waste products, material balances are used to determine the compositions at each plate. Transfer unit equations are applied recursively to solve for the compositions moving down the column, identifying 6 theoretical plates are needed with the feed entering on the 4th plate.

Uploaded by

Wasim Nawaz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHE333

Simultaneous Heat & Mass Transfer


Operations

Lecture 9: Introduction to Distillation

Dr. Abdul Razzaq


Assistant professor, CUI Lahore.

1
No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
A Distillation column is to be installed for separation of binary mixture containing 45
mole % heptane and 55 mole % ethyl benzene. The respective industry requires 95
mole % of heptane as in the top product (distillate) and not more than 7 mole % of it
in the waste. With the consideration of feed entering at boiling point and using a
reflux ratio of 2.5, calculate the number of theoretical plates for the required
distillation column by “Lewis-Sorel Method”.
No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
Basis: 100 Kmol of feed

F=D+W

100 = D + W

A balance on heptane gives us:

0.45 × 100 = 0.95 D +0.07 W

45 = 0.95 (100-W) + 0.07 W

45 = 95-0.88 W

W = 56.82 Kmol

D = 43.18 Kmol
No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
Now Reflux ratio = R = Ln/D = 2.5

Thus, Ln = 2.5 D = 2.5 × 43.18

Ln = 107.95 Kmol

And Vn = Ln + D = 107.95 + 43.18 = 151.13 Kmol

Feed is entering at boiling point and all feed at initial is considered to fall in liquid
form downward

Lm = Ln + F = 107.95 + 100 = 207.95 Kmol

And Vm = Lm – W = 207.95 – 56.82 = 151.13 Kmol


No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
Thus obtained values are,

F = 100 Kmol, D = 43.18 Kmol, W = 56.82 Kmol

Ln = 107.95 Kmol, Vn = 151.13 Kmol, Lm = 207.95 Kmol, Vm = 151.13 Kmol

Now we have to develop TOE,

yn = 0.71 xn+1 + 0.27

And BOE,

ym = 1.37 xm+1- 0.026


No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
t plate
yt = 0.95

xt = 0.89
No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
We have TOE, yn = 0.71 xn+1 + 0.27, yt-1 = 0.71 xt + 0.27 = 0.71 (0.89) +0.27 = 0.90

t-1 plate
Yt-1 = 0.90

Xt-1 = 0.78
No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
We have TOE, yt-2 = 0.71 xt + 0.27 = 0.71 (0.78) +0.27 = 0.82

t-2 plate
yt-2 = 0.82

Xt-2 = 0.63
No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
We have TOE, yt-3 = 0.71 xt + 0.27 = 0.71 (0.63) +0.27 = 0.71

yt-3 = 0.71 t-3 plate

Xt-3 = 0.46
No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
We have BOE, yt-4 = ym = 1.37 xm+1- 0.026 = 1.37 (0.46) -0.026 = 0.60

t-4 plate
yt-4 = 0.60

Xt-4 = 0.33
No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
We have BOE, yt-5 = 1.37 (0.33) -0.026 = 0.43

t-5 plate
yt-5 = 0.43

Xt-5 = 0.19
No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
We have BOE, yt-6 = 1.37 (0.19) -0.026 = 0.23

t-6 plate

yt-6 = 0.23

Xt-6 = 0.08
No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
We have BOE, yt-7 = 1.37 (0.08) -0.026 = 0.08

t-7 plate

yt-7 = 0.08
Xt-7 = 0.02
No. of plates: Lewis Sorel Method
• Thus the number of theoretical plates using Lewis Sorel Method
are six plates and the feed fall on t-3 plate that is 4th plate of the
distillation column
No. of plates: McCabe Thiele

(xD, xD)

(0, 0.27) xf

(xw, xw)
Plates at total reflux: Fenske’s method
For the separation of a mixture of benzene and toluene, considered in Example
11.7, xd = 0.9, xw = 0.1, and xf = 0.4. If the mean volatility of benzene relative to
toluene is 2.4, what is the number of plates required at total reflux?
Thank You
for
Your Attention
email:
[email protected]

18

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