LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO  Art in Humanities is something that

ART APPRECIATION expresses an idea, an emotion or,

more generally, a world view.
MEANINGS OF ART  It is a component of culture, reflecting
ETYMOLOGY economic and social substrates in its
design.
 French word art which means skill  Art transmits ideas and values inherent
as a result of learning or practice. in every culture across space and time.
 Latin word ars – ability or practical skills.  Art’s role changes through time,
 Art is a product of man’s inventiveness acquiring more of an aesthetic
and creativity. component here and a socio-
 According to Susanne Lander, Art molds educational function in humanities.
our actual life of feelings, by giving form
to the world, it articulates human nature, AIM OF HUMANITIES
sensitivity, energy, passion and mortality.  To promote awareness of the
 Art is generally understood as any interrelationships of all fields of
activity or product done by people with knowledge because it represents
a communicative or aesthetic purpose. people’s highest goals, aspirations,
 Art is concerned with sensuous medium hopes and ambitions as well as
such as the mind, senses and arousing challenges, disappointments and
inner emotions. frustrations reflected in various acts.
 Art is the human ability to make things
of beauty and things that stir man; it is HUMANITIES AS A SOCIAL SCIENCE
creativity.  ANTHROPOLOGY – study of
 Art is not meant to be looked at only for man’s beginnings.
what it is. It is meant to stimulate  PSYCHOLOGY – study of man’s mind
thought because it allows viewers to and his behavior.
draw their own emotions and pull from  LINGUISTICS – study of man’s languages
their personal experiences when  CULTURAL STUDIES – study of
viewed. It is very powerful in this way man’s beliefs, arts, customs,
and it naturally develops critical and literature, etc.
innovative thinking skills. Art also  COMMUNICATION – art of sharing
teaches many important qualities such information.
as listening, observing and responding ASSUMPTIONS OF ART
to multiple perspectives.
ART IN HUMANITIES  Art is Universal
 Art is Not Nature
 Art is a human experience through  Art Involves Experience
words and non-verbal forms of
ART IS UNIVERSAL
expression. Arts is the act of creation
itself whether through performance or  Art immortalizes man and his marvelous
the physical production of works. The achievements. Literature and history
creation is also the product based on provide us with all the evidence about
research and methodology necessary the timelessness and universal value of
for humanities to survive in all aspect of art and its unique contribution to
existence. mankind
 Comes from the Latin word – humanus.
 A human is cultured, educated and
refined.
 Cultured is characterized by refined
taste and manners and good
education.
 Educated means with rationality,
kindness and tenderness.
 Refined means polished, polite,
cautious behavior.
ART IS NOT NATURE COMMON ART EXAMPLES
 It is a self-assumption that art is not DRAWINGS / SKETCHING – any
nature simply because the natural things drawings for the purpose of expression or
around us as we believe created by God function.
is a work of art. Though man’s art may
BLUE PRINTS – house, furniture, appliances
get from the nature or environment for
and etc.
inspirations, man most of the time deal
with the art using his own ability and PAINTING – is an image (artwork) created
skills to create one. using pigments (color) on a surface (ground)
such as paper or canvas.
ART INVOLVES EXPERIENCE
SCULPTING – creating three-dimensional art
 All art involves experience. Experience object using any materials either by carved,
is the actual doing of something. The modeled, molded, cast, wrought, welded,
perfection of art appreciation will never sewn, assembled, or otherwise shaped and
be possible without experiencing art. All combined.
art requires experience.
 TWO CHARACTERISTICS DECORATING – any of those arts that are
concerned with the design and decoration of
OF EXPERIENCE
objects for personal or commercial
1. Experience Of Art Is
purposes.
Subjective
Our judgement of art is highly DESIGNING BUILDINGS – the use of any
personal and individual. Not the building materials that is functional,
everybody will flexible and durable for the intended purpose
agree on one’s judgment therefore of the building.
it’s tantamount to a famous saying BUILDING BRIDGES – a structure built to
that “beauty is in the eye of the span a physical obstacle (such as a body of
beholder.” water, valley, road, or rail) without blocking
2. Art Experience Accompanied By the way underneath.
Emotional Response
Initial reaction in such experience of ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY – the art
of
art is inevitable. We may either like it
creative technology and engineering allows
or the other way around. Just like the
engineers to improvise and confront new
first one, the emotional effect of art in
situations. A creative engineer can adapt to
one person may not be the same to
change and successfully take on new
others. problems with new set of formula.
ART AS A PROCESS AND A PRODUCT ART IN SINGING – is the act of producing
 The acts such as drawing, painting, musical sounds with the voice. A person
sculpting, decorating, designing who sings is called a singer or vocalist
buildings, building bridges, engineering (examples of genre are jazz and popular
and technology, singing, dancing, music).
etching, a musical composition, ART IN DANCING – a sequence of body
choreography or a tapestry and the use movements, accompanied by music. The art
of camera or computers to create images of dance is also known as a form of
and memorable works and etc. performing art.
ETCHING – is a printmaking technique that
uses chemical action to produce incised lines
in a metal printing plate which then hold the
applied ink and form the image.
MUSICAL COMPOSITION – the act of
conceiving a piece of music, the art of
creating music, or the finished product.
CHOREOGRAPHY – is the art of making
dances or other artistic body movements,
or the gathering and organization of
movement into order and patter
TAPESTRY – a form of textile art,
traditionally woven by hand on a loom.
Tapestry is weft-faced weaving, in which all
the warp threads are hidden in the
completed work.
CAMERA ART IMAGES – creating or
capturing still or moving images using a
camera. Photography or video making is an
art form using digital camera and treated
using computer apps or soft wares.
Art gives meaning to our lives and helps us
understand our world. It is an essential part
of our culture because it allows us to have a
deeper understanding of our emotions. It
increases our self-awareness, and also
allows us to be open to new ideas and
experiences
traditions in a greater measure
and within a broad historical
LESSON 2: APPRECIATING HISTORY
perspective.
OF ART  ART HISTORIAN - analyze visual arts’
WHAT IS ART HISTORY meaning and are interested in what the
works of art represented at the time they
 The history of art is as old as the history were created. It is a way to learn about
of human from the prehistoric to the the civilizations of the past and its
present times. Early paintings of the connection to the present time.
cavemen to Da Vinci’s “Mona  ART ICONOGRAPHY - It is the
Lisa” in the early 20th century are both in science of identification, description,
the form of visual arts that challenge our classification, and interpretation of
creative minds and inspire us to witness symbols, themes, and subject matter
the beauty of man’s creative skills. in the creation of the visual arts.
 ART HISTORY - doesn’t consist in simply  ERA, PERIOD, CIRCA,
listing all the art movements and placing TIMELINE, STAGE,
them on a timeline but rather it is the MOVEMENT
study of objects of art considered within  - CHRONOLOGICAL DATING -
their time period.  - TIME DIVISION –
 ART HISTORIOGRAPHY - is the
historical study of the visual arts which TIME
TAGS
aims to identify, classify, describe,
evaluate, interpret, and understand the
historical progress of painting, sculpture,
architecture, and other notable drawing,
including the modern day printmaking,
decorative arts, photography, interior
designs and other art products.
ART HISTORIOGRAPHY PRIMARY
CONCERN:
 To discover who made the
particular art piece or object;
and
 To understand techniques and
format developments of artistic
Christian/Western Secular/Generic
ROMAN 500BC – 476AD
BC Before Christ BCE Before Common Era

 CHARACTERISTIC: realism,
AD Anno Domini CE Common Era practical, down-to- earth and grand
Latin: arches.
In the year of the Lord.  MAJOR ARTWORK: AUGUSTUS OF
PRIMA PORTA (447 – 468 BC) – The
ART TIMELINE statue is an idealized image of
Augustus, a pose of a Roman orator.
The history of art is immense. The next
slides shows some of the summarized INDIAN, CHINESE, AND JAPANESE653BC –
1900AD
period of art from prehistoric dated form
27,000 up to modern times:  CHARACTERISTIC: serene and
meditative art.
STONE AGE 30,000BC- - 25,000BC
 MAJOR ARTWORK: A SOLITARY
 CHARACTERISTIC: cave TEMPLE AMID CLEARING PEAKS
paintings, fertility goddesses, (919 – 967 AD) – the painting was
megalithic structures. rendered in 1nk and light color on silk
 MAJOR ARTWORK: measuring 111.76 × 55.88 cm.
STONEHENGE (3000 – 2000BC) –
BYZANTINE AND ISLAMIC 476BC – 1453AD
believed to be constructed several
stages and now one of the most  CHARACTERISTIC: heavenly and
famous prehistoric landmarks in the maze art like design.
United Kingdom.  MAJOR ARTWORK: ALHAMBRA - a
palace and fortress complex located in
MESOPOTAMIAN 3500BC - 539BC
Andalusia, Spain. Originally
 CHARACTERISTIC: warrior art and constructed as a small fortress in 889
narration in stone relief. AD.
 MAJOR ARTWORK: HAMMURABI’S
CODE (1792 MIDDLE AGES 500 – 4100
- 1750 BC) – black stone stele  CHARACTERISTIC: Celtic,
containing the Code was carved from a Carolingian, Romanesque,
single, four-ton slab of diorite. Renaissance & Gothic.
EGYPTIAN 3100BC - 30BC  MAJOR ARTWORK: DURHAM
CATHEDRAL - is a Norman building
 CHARACTERISTIC: art with an afterlife constructed between 1093 and 1133 in
focus. the Romanesque style. The oldest
 MAJOR ARTWORK: STATUE OF surviving building with a large stone
SEATED IMHOTEP (332–30 BC) - vaulted ceiling.
Imhotep was a high official and an
architect who oversaw construction of EARLY & HIGH RENAISSANCE 1400 – 1550
Egypt's first monumental stone  CHARACTERISTIC: Rebirth of classical
pyramid. culture
GREEK AND HELLENISTIC 850BC - 31BC  MAJOR ARTWORK: MARS AND
VENUS (1485) – early renaissance
 CHARACTERISTIC: Idealism on painting by an Italian Alessandro di
balance and proportion. Mariano di Vanni Filipepi known as
 MAJOR ARTWORK: ELGIN Sandro Botticelli.
MARBLES (447 – 468 BC) – a
famous statue sculpted by Phidias VENETIAN & MODERN RENAISSANCE1430
– 1550
who is also renowned painter and
architect.  CHARACTERISTIC: Northward
spread of high renaissance.
 MAJOR ARTWORK: THE TEMPEST
(1508) – a painting by the Italian
master Giorgione. Originally
 commissioned by the Venetian noble at the Paris Salon later that year.
Gabriele Vendramin, the painting is
now in the Gallerie dell'Accademia of
Venice, Italy.

MANNERISM 1527 – 1580

 CHARACTERISTIC: breaking the
rules, artifice vs nature.
 MAJOR ARTWORK: THE
CARMIGNANO VISITATION (1528)
– is an oil on panel painting of the
Visitation by Jacopo Carucci also
known as Jacopo Pontormo. He was
an Italian Mannerist painter and
portraitist from the Florentine School.
BAROQUE 1600 – 1750
 CHARACTERISTIC: splendor
and art as a religious weapon.
 MAJOR ARTWORK: PALACE OF
VERSAILLES (1650) – the home to
the Kings of France, the Palace of
Versailles is one of the most important
landmarks in French history and the
symbol of absolute monarchy system.
NEOCLASSICAL 1750 – 1850
 CHARACTERISTIC: recapturing
Greco-Roman grandeur.
 MAJOR ARTWORK: VENUS
VICTRIX (1808) – sculpture by an
Italian Antonio Canova, often
regarded as the greatest
neoclassical artist, inspired from
Baroque avoiding melodramatic
classical revival.
REALISM 1865 – 1885
 CHARACTERISTIC: rustic painting,
working class, peasants.
 MAJOR ARTWORK: THE DEATH
OF NELSON (1806) – a painting by
the American artist Benjamin West
dated 1806. Entirely self-taught artist,
soon gained valuable patronage, and
he toured Europe before, eventually
settling in London.
REALISM 1848 – 1900
 CHARACTERISTIC: rustic painting,
working class, peasants.
 MAJOR ARTWORK: STONE
BREAKER (1849) – a painting by the
French painter Gustave Courbet. A
work of social realism, depicting two
peasants breaking rocks and exhibited
IMPRESSIONISM 1865 – 1885 • appreciate to learn about the past
 CHARACTERISTIC: fleeting and
effects of natural light. • To discover connections to the
 MAJOR ARTWORK: THE BELLELLI present and the future.
FAMILY (1867) – also known as 3. Art History introduces cultural
Family Portrait, an oil painting on diversity. The bizarre and the
canvas by Edgar Degas. The painting oddities help us to understand
is a portrait of his aunt, her husband, humanity.
and their two young daughters. 4. Art History trains you to deal and
manage oodles of images in little
POST-IMPRESSIONISM 1885 – 1910 time. To successfully process
 CHARACTERISTIC: post everything we encounter in our
revolt against impressionism. everyday life.
 MAJOR ARTWORK: TAHITIAN 5. Art History teaches us to cope
WOMEN ON THE BEACH (1891) – a with uncertainty, despair and
painting by Paul Gauguin. The painting sorrow. Every artwork is related
depicts two women on the Pacific to reality in itself and it helps us
island of Tahiti on the beach during the to somehow understand all the
time of his short residency in a small difficulties in life.
island. 6. Art History allows you to connect
with feelings we never knew we
FAUVISM AND EXPRESSIONISM 1900 – could have. When we understand an
1935 art we are looking at, and we feel its
 CHARACTERISTIC: harsh message that’s what we call
colors, emotion distorting forms. aesthetic experience.
 MAJOR ARTWORK: YELLOW-RED- 7. Art History reminds us how very
BLUE (1925) – is an abstract oil human we are. Artists just like us
painting by Wassily Kandinsky. It are human being. Every art they
features beautiful bright colors and a make is a reflection of how human
variety of different shapes. we are.
8. Art History teaches us how to solve
POST-MODERNISM 1970 – PRESENT problems as artists have done.
 CHARACTERISTIC: without center, Architects and engineers are artists
remixing past styles. too. Have we ever realized how our
 MAJOR ARTWORK: THE HEYDAR life can be the same without them?
ALIYEV CENTER (2012) – is a 9. Art History boosts our imagination. It
57,500 m² building complex in Baku, is normal to have so many what-if in
Azerbaijan designed by Iraqi- British our minds on things around us and
architect Zaha Hadid and noted for its processing it helps us to be
distinctive style and flowing, curved innovative and more creative.
style that eschews sharp angles. 10. Art History encourages us to be an
artist too in our own right.
WHY APPRECIATE ART HISTORY?
 Art history provides a means by which
we can understand our human past Why Study Art Appreciation?
and its relationship to our present,
because the act of making art is one of We have always heard sayings like "Why study
humanity’s most ubiquitous activities. art? Why not Engineering, Science, or
Commerce?", "Art won't get you anywhere," "Art
1. Art History brings you closer to the
is useless," "You won't get a proper job" and so
footprint of humankind along history, many other issues.
because it’s the story of us and our
superpower to appreciate and The truth based on research was, students do
create. better in their education because arts makes a
huge impact in their character and personality.

2. Art History helps you wipe your The next few slides are the pointers why art is
fears of the unknown. Important in every human daily existence.
 1. Arts improves creativity skills. Art can provide us very natural and safe way to
express ourselves. It allows us to play,
“Everybody has a creative potential and from experiment, make a mess, create stories, use
the moment you can express this creative metaphors to represent feelings, explore
potential, you can start changing the world.” alternative narratives, externalize feelings by
- Paulo Coelho, Author creating characters, reflect, by sharing art with
2. Arts gives you joy. others.
10. Art is the language of the soul.
“Exercising our creativity can give us an outlet
from our daily routines, helping us express “Art is a profound mirror, always reflecting back
emotions and boost our happiness levels.” who you truly are. Most people are petrified to
- Juliet Davey, Psychologist take a look… But if you are brave enough, you
3. Arts relieves stress. can see right into your soul.”- Michelle Baker,
Art Therapist
Studies suggest that art therapy can be very The more you appreciate and understand
valuable in treating issues such as depression, the art of different eras, movements, styles and
anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and techniques, the better you can develop,
even some phobias. It is a great way to evaluate and improve your own artwork. The
express your emotions without words, process more you develop your skills in any art forms of
complex feelings and find relief. your choice the more you become human.
4. Arts gives us the opportunity to
showcase our skills and talent.

There are many different ways of expressing

our artistic side, and we don't have to aspire to
be a professional. Art is for everybody, and we
can enjoy it simply for its own sake. Our artistic
abilities are there to be discovered.
Importance of Art Appreciation
5. Arts gives us confidence.
Every person is born with the innate desire to
Arts education improves our confidence.
create art, and similar to other professions,
Studies have shown that when an individual
training is essential in honing skills to produce
participate in art activities with peers, the
art. Art education broadens a person's
feedback they give to each other builds self-
comprehension, development, and visions of
respect by helping them learn to accept
art. Art brings an understanding of diversity,
criticism and praise from others.
how people lived in the past, and connects the
6. Arts helps us do well academically.
issues concerning contemporary life and art
today.
Study shows a few hours of art will help us
relieve stress and give you happiness. With
1. Art Allows us to Connect with Our Inner
that our mind will be clear, and that would help
Selves
us focus on our studies, and that would help us
get better grades.
Art can transform our lives. When we connect
7. Arts helps us do well academically.
with art, we are ultimately connecting with our
inner selves. Art enables us to look within and to
Study shows a few hours of art will help us
listen to ourselves, realize who we are, and
relieve stress and give you happiness. With
what we care about. It connects us to our
that our mind will be clear, and that would help
thoughts, feelings, perceptions, and our outer
us focus on our studies, and that would help us
realities and experiences.
get better grades.
2. Art Causes us to Have an Appreciation
8. Arts helps us learn visually.
and Gratification for What we Have in our
Lives
As they progress in Visual Arts, we develop
perceptual skills in observation and the ability
We tend to be happier when we are able to look
to respond and view artworks critically. We also
at life through a standpoint of appreciation and
develop the conceptual capacity to develop
gratification - when we are able to view all of the
ideas and express them visually. They identify,
wonderful details that are going well in our lives
analyze and interpret meaning in artworks from
instead of focusing on the alternative.
diverse contexts.
3. Art Brings More Creativity, Satisfaction,
9. Arts helps you to express your
and Happiness Into Our Lives
emotions.
Art gives us meaning and helps us understand These cultures formed the foundation of all
our world. Scientific studies have proven that art today. Art appreciation analyzes art using
art appreciation improves our quality of life and the methods and materials, allowing people
makes us feel good. to make connections to the context of art
and the interactions of societies.
When we create art according to Dr. Shelley
Carson, “arts gives us ability to improve our
mood, broadens our attention and allows us to
see possible and creative solutions to
problems.”

 Art is not meant to be looked at only for

what it is but it allows us to connect and
empathize on an emotional level while DEFINING ART APPRECIATION,
also learning about the culture. CREATIVITY, IMAGINATION, &
 It is meant to stimulate thought because EXPRESSION
it allows viewers to draw their own
emotions and pull from their personal The term ‘art’ encompasses a large variety of
experiences when viewed. works, from paintings to sculptures,
 It is very powerful and it naturally architecture to design, and in modern times,
develops critical and innovative thinking digital art and so many other forms like the
skills. things that surrounds our existence.
 It also teaches many important qualities
such as listening, observing and The term ‘appreciation’ – giving value to;
responding to multiple perspectives. increase the worth of; understand and
 Due to the subjective nature of art, we recognize good qualities of.
can learn to construct meaning and
Art appreciation is the knowledge and
articulate their thoughts when they
understanding of the universal and timeless
express, in our own words, our personal
opinions about what we are seeing, qualities that identify all great art. The more
feeling and thinking. you appreciate and understand the art of
 It allows us an opportunity to develop an different eras, movements, styles and
open mind and understand that there is techniques, the better you can develop,
more than just one solution to a evaluate and improve your own artwork.
problem.
Art Appreciation – simply deals with learning
 Having an appreciation for art also helps
or understanding and creating arts and
us to develop an appreciation for each
other and how we are all unique in our enjoying them.
own way Art Appreciation or Aesthetic education - the
 As always mentioned, art is all around capacity to understand works of art and
us and therefore we have to react experience a certain emotional enjoyment in
towards it because it gives meaning to looking other work of art or creating own arts.
our lives and helps us understand our
world Art may be appreciated or analyzed without
 Appreciating art provides us with a reference to subject matter, symbolism
forum in developing our literacy and or historical context.
communication skills.
 Francisco Goya “Saturn Devouring His Art appreciation can be subjective depending on
Son”, 1819–1823 - “Art does not exist personal preference to aesthetics and form,
only to entertain, but also to challenge or it can be based on several elements and
one to think, to provoke, even to disturb principle of design and also depends on
in a constant search for the truth”. social and cultural acceptance.
 "Art is something that makes us more
thoughtful and well-rounded humans." Art appreciation centers on the ability to view art
 Appreciating art is important. We tend to throughout history, focusing on the cultures
think it is a luxury, but it gives people and the people, and how art developed in
deep pleasure because beauty is the the specific periods. It is difficult to
personification of hope that something understand art without understanding the
grander is at work.” culture, their use of materials, and a sense of
beauty.
Art Appreciation is:  Art is not meant to be looked at only for
what it is but it allows us to connect and
 Gaining the knowledge to understand the
empathize on an emotional level while also
art.
learning about the culture.
 Acquire the art methods and
 It is meant to stimulate thought because it
materials to discuss art verbally or by
allows viewers to draw their own emotions
the written word.
and pull from their personal experiences
 Ability to identify the movements from
when viewed.
ancient cultures to today's contemporary
 It is very powerful and it naturally
art.
develops critical and innovative
IMPORTANCE OF ART thinking skills.
APPRECIATION  It also teaches many important qualities
such as listening, observing and
Every person is born with the innate desire to
responding to multiple perspectives.
create art, and similar to other professions,
training is essential in honing skills to  Due to the subjective nature of art, we can
produce art. Art education broadens a learn to construct meaning and articulate
person's comprehension, development, and their thoughts when they express, in our
visions of art. Art brings an understanding of own words, our personal opinions about
diversity, how people lived in the past, and what we are seeing, feeling and thinking.
connects the issues concerning  It allows us an opportunity to develop an
contemporary life and art today. open mind and understand that there is
more than just one solution to a problem.
1. ART ALLOWS US TO CONNECT  Having an appreciation for art also helps
WITH OUR INNER SELVES us to develop an appreciation for each
Art can transform our lives. When we other and how we are all unique in our
connect with art, we are ultimately own way.
connecting with our inner selves. Art  As always mentioned, art is all around us
enables us to look within and to listen to and therefore we have to react towards it
ourselves, realize who we are, and what because it gives meaning to our lives and
we care about. It connects us to our helps us understand our world.
thoughts, feelings, perceptions, and our  Appreciating art provides us with a
outer realities and experience. forum in developing our literacy and
2. ART CAUSES US TO HAVE AN communication skills.
APPRECIATION AND  Art does not exist only to entertain, but
GRATIFICATION FOR WHAT WE also to challenge one to think, to provoke,
HAVE IN OUR LIVES even to disturb in a constant search for
We tend to be happier when we are able the truth”
to look at life through a standpoint of  Art is something that makes us more
appreciation and gratification - when thoughtful and well-rounded humans.
we are able to view all of the wonderful
 Appreciating art is important. We tend to
details that are going well in our lives
think it is a luxury, but it gives people
instead of focusing on the alternative.
deep pleasure because beauty is the
personification of hope that something
3. ART BRINGS MORE CREATIVITY, grander is at work.”
SATISFACTION, AND HAPPINESS
INTO OUR LIVES WHY STUDY ART APPRECIATION?
We have always heard sayings like "Why study
Art gives us meaning and helps us art? Why not Engineering, Science, or
understand our world. Scientific studies Commerce?", "Art won't get you anywhere,"
have proven that art appreciation "Art is useless," "You won't get a proper job"
improves our quality of life and makes and so many other issues. The truth based on
us feel good. When we create art research was, students do better in their
according to Dr. Shelley Carson, “arts education because arts makes a huge impact
gives us ability to improve our mood, in their character and personality. The next
broadens our attention and allows us to few slides are the pointers why art is
see possible and creative solutions to Important in every human daily existence.
problems.
1. Arts improves creativity skills. capacity to develop ideas and express
“Everybody has a creative potential and them visually. They identify, analyze and
from the moment you can express this interpret meaning in artworks from diverse
creative potential, you can start contexts.
changing the world.”- Paulo Coelho, 9. ARTS HELPS YOU TO EXPRESS
Author YOUR EMOTIONS.
2. Arts gives you joy. Art can provide us very natural and safe way
“Exercising our creativity can give us an to express ourselves. It allows us to play,
outlet from our daily routines, helping us experiment, make a mess, create stories,
express and use metaphors to represent feelings,
emotions and boost our happiness explore alternative narratives, externalize
levels.”- Juliet Davey, Psychologist feelings by creating characters, and
3. Arts relieves stress. reflect, by sharing art with others.
Studies suggest that art therapy can be 10. ART IS THE LANGUAGE OF THE SOUL.
very valuable in treating issues such as “Art is a profound mirror, always reflecting
depression, anxiety, post-traumatic back who you truly are. Most people are
stress disorder and even some phobias. petrified to take a look... But if you are
It is a great way to express your brave enough, you can see right into your
emotions without words, process soul.”- Michelle Baker, Art Therapist
complex feelings and find relief.
The more you appreciate and understand the art
4. ARTS GIVES US THE OPPORTUNITY
of different eras, movements, styles and
TO SHOWCASE OUR SKILLS AND
techniques, the better you can develop,
TALENT. There are many different ways
evaluate and improve your own artwork. The
of expressing our artistic side, and we
more you develop your skills in any art forms of
don't have to aspire to be a professional.
your choice the more you become human.
Art is for everybody, and we can enjoy it
simply for its own sake. Our artistic CREATIVITY IN ART
abilities are there to be discovered.
FALLACY:
5. ARTS GIVES US CONFIDENCE.
Arts education improves our Art and creativity are two different concepts. Yes,
confidence. Studies have shown they are correlated, but one does not imply
that when an individual the other at least, not automatically, or one is
participate in art activities with less than the other in value.
peers, the feedback they give to The skill of being creative develops curiosity
each other builds self- respect by and, along with it, brings new opportunities
helping them learn to accept forward.
criticism and praise from others.
FACT:
6. ARTS HELPS US DO
WELL ACADEMICALLY.  Being creative means seeking ways to
Study shows a few hours of art will help us change the normal and think out of the
relieve stress and give you happiness. box. Linking creativity with persistence
With that our mind will be clear, and that can result in art, which is the result of
would help us focus on our studies, and creativity and constant effort combined.
that would help us get better grades.  Motivation has to be another element in
7. ARTS HELPS US TO the process of creation for art to result.
COMMUNICATE WELL WITH  There cannot be art without creativity,
OTHER PEOPLE but creativity can exist without art.
Research shows that art therapy has a way
of energizing the brain, even for those Creativity - according to Webster’s creativity is
children who are non-verbal or are the ability to create and the quality of being
autistic. A calm mind helps us to be creative.
more social and react pleasantly. Creativity in Art – An artist is the maker of the
8. ARTS HELPS US LEARN VISUALLY. art and must be creative. Being a creative
As they progress in Visual Arts, we develop artist requires knowledge in using the
perceptual skills in observation and the imagination to explore innovative ideas,
ability to respond and view artworks materials and tools applicable to any art
critically. We also develop the conceptual forms making.
A creative artist is a person who is dedicated
to artwork’s originality and authenticity.
MAIN COMPONENTS OF
Just like the first, the envisioning of ideas is CREATIVITY:
likely a choice between to create a new one
 Originality The method or idea must be
and or recreate and improve the present
ideas. new and unique. It should not be the
extension of something, which already
exists. However, one can take inspiration
HOW TO BE A CREATIVE from the already existent methods and
ARTIST? ideas to fabricate something new and
unique.
1. OPENED TO PLAY  Functionality – A creative idea must
Artists will be the explorer who never stops. work and produce results, otherwise, the
They will not be taken back by previous whole effort will be in vain.
discoveries or preconceived notions.
QUALITIES OF CREATIVE
Creative artists will succeed because
PEOPLE:
they are continuously open to new
possibilities, won’t see failure as a ENERGETIC - creative people are energetic
drawback but rather as a means of physically and mentally utilizing it to
achieving greatness by becoming aware conceptualize ideas.
of what could improve.
INTELLIGENT – creative people are intelligent.
2. ARTIST’S EMOTION
Though high level of IQ is a plus, most people
We all know that artists, whether self- are intelligent enough in creative thinking and
taught or otherwise, are creative, smart to create new ideas.
emotional, and often sensitive people.
Most creative individuals share in DISCIPLINED - creativity happens
common with the artist’s success and it unexpectedly, so whenever an artist is under
depends on the degree to which they any circumstances, he or she is ready to
develops these traits. somehow make a note or record the ideas in
3. A CONSTANT DESIRE TO CREATE. any way possible.
A creative people are constantly engaging in 4 TYPES OF CREATIVITY:
creating something new. They don’t wait
for something to happen or for the-right- 1. DELIBERATE AND
moment to pass by. They are creating COGNITIVE CREATIVITY
circumstances for the creation and, People who possess deliberate and cognitive
therefore, increase their chances of characteristics are purposeful. They have a
success in whichever they are doing. great amount of knowledge about a particular
subject and combine their skills and
THE CREATIVE PROCESS:
capabilities to prepare a course of action to
STEP 1, PREPARING FOR CREATION: achieve something. This type of creativity
built when people work for a very long time in
This does not mean waiting for the right time to a particular area
come to take action instead preparing
yourself for a long ride and understand where
2. DELIBERATE AND
your motivation comes from. It means that
EMOTIONAL CREATIVITY
you are taking in the arguments for which you
Their creativity is always a balanced product
are starting the process and what benefits this
of deliberate emotional thinking and
creative process will bring to you.
logical actions. Creativity is found in the
STEP 2, INCUBATING SELECTED amygdala, a part of the brain and is
IDEAS: responsible for human emotions that
helps in learning and information
This is time to brainstorm ideas and see what
processing. This is actually a random
you want to create. What are the best ideas
moments referred to as “a-ha!” moments
you came up with, and why do you think that
when someone suddenly thinks of a
they are good? But most importantly, how
solution to some problem or think of some
will you act on them?
innovative idea.
STEP 3, IMPLEMENTING CHOSEN IDEA 3. SPONTANEOUS AND
 COGNITIVE CREATIVITY ideas from scratch and can be guided or
There are times when you spend a long unguided. This is what most writers and
time to crack a problem but can’t think of artists are good at. We usually have a
any solution or think of any possible moment of inspiration and go off to
way. But when you are having your explore wherever the fantasy may take
relaxation time and suddenly everything us.
falls in place. Remember the great 4. EMPATHY
scientist Isaac Newton’s law of gravity, This is a capacity that human beings have to
the mentally detach from ourselves and
‘Eureka’ moments. experience what another person is
4. SPONTANEOUS AND experiencing from their point of view. It
EMOTIONAL CREATIVITY allows us to take an imaginative stroll in
This type of creativity are those moments someone else’s shoes.
that are defined as rare moments when 5. STRATEGIC IMAGINATION
great discoveries take place. There is no This is primarily concerned with what-could-
need to have specific knowledge for be scenario. It’s the ability to spot
spontaneous and emotional creativity to opportunities and visualize what might
happen but there should be a special happen if you were to take them. People
skill to put the ideas into record in who have an excellent strategic
anyway can be. imagination will have a realistic
understanding of their own skills, and be
IMAGINATION IN ART able to spot opportunities to develop.
 Visualizing the unseen or impossible 6. EMOTIONAL IMAGINATION
things or envisioning ideas that are not An artist has to be aware of our emotions and
present in reality or wanting it to happen the emotions of human beings more
or exist. generally. The artists has to know how to
 Imagination is very much associated with create or project fear, how to create
creativity since it is through imagination sadness, laughter and how the artist’s
where ideas, feelings or images are possess the ability to play on those
initially put together in the artist’s mind. emotions to generate form and structure
The imagination of the artist may be in the that plays into this facet of audience’s
form of imaging or picturing, feeling, or mindsets.
thinking what the work of art will 7. DREAMS
become. The artists may also use their These are an unconscious form of
imagination on the possible alternatives imagination that we do when we’re
to what they have finished at every step asleep. Scientists are still deciding what
of the process. these crazy little night visions are all
 In the part of the audience or the about, but for those of us that dream, it
public viewers would perhaps use can be a fun and sometimes scary way to
their own imagination to understand access our imagination interpret them in
the artist’s work, which could be an art form.
verbally difficult to explain. 8. MEMORY RECONSTRUCTION
8 SUBSEQUENT IMAGINATION IN ART When we retrieve our memories of people,
objects and events we use our
1. EFFECTUATED IMAGINATION imagination to regenerate the images.
Allows the artists to synthesize existing Memories are subconscious stored bits
ideas together from existing information. of information dragged into our
2. INTELLECTUAL OR conscious brain and our imagination
CONSTRUCTIVE IMAGINATION often fills the gaps where memory hasn’t
The artist is able to work from an existing been curated properly.
plan or a definite idea and is guided Imagination is more important than knowledge. “
towards a distinct purpose. Intellectual - Einstein
imagination is a very conscious and
deliberate process. EXPRESSION IN ART
3. IMAGINATIVE FANTASY Individual expression of art, it reflects the artist’s
This is when you’re able to generate new personal thoughts, ideas, style and feelings.
Art is an expression made visible by a form. Art 1. Personal or Individual Function
as a piece is an expression of the artist and
the artist is an expresser to convey message  Regardless of how social we think we are
or create meaning. and how dependent we are on others, we
have a private and separate
CHARACTERISTICS OF EXPRESSIONS understanding of ourselves. We think of
IN ART ourselves as unique, different,
1. Expression of Feelings exceptional in some ways, as if we have
thoughts unique only to us and no one
2. Expression of Beliefs and Ideas
else.
3. Expression of Character
MODE OF EXPRESSIONS IN CREATING 2. Social Functions of Art
ART
1. EXPRESSION OF FEELINGS
Natural release or reactions. Expression Many works of art are deliberately designed to
of feelings often defined as a influence group thinking like:
showing of emotion that come from
the inner world. Expression is the  Artists may try to make us laugh at the
natural or intentional reaction in same phenomena.
which emotional processes are made  Accept economic, religious, or social
and reflected as a concrete ideologies.
phenomenon.  See our social situation in ways which
had not previously been apparent.
2. EXPRESSION OF BELIEFS AND
IDEAS: Philosophical Interpretation. In 3. Psychological Function of Art
many cultures, art is used in religion,
Art is not a pastime or a leisurely activity.
spiritual or magical rituals, performances
Some important aspects are:
and dances as a decoration or symbol
of a god or other divine quality.  self identity
Anthropologists however knows that this  actualization of self
expression often serve a purpose at the  remembering
level of meaning within a particular  hope
culture or social norms.  avoiding sorrow
3. EXPRESSION OF CHARACTER:  rebalancing
EXPRESSING THE NATURE OF  self-understanding
THINGS. Any moral message in the  growth
work should not, therefore, affect the  appreciation
overall value of the artwork in its
aesthetics quality, either positively or 4. Physical Function of Art
negatively. Artists and patrons of the
arts also want to protect their creation Usually relates to items that can be used for a
from censorship. If an artwork is judged practical purpose because of their physical
only on the basis of its aesthetic structure, despite their artistic appeal. Examples
qualities, it should not be condemned are:
for its moral message.
 Architecture and related fields of design
Functions of Art  furniture and equipment
 leisure park development
 gadgets and appliances
Purposes & Functions of Art  and etc

Art plays an important role in the society. There 5. Historical Function of Art
is difficulty in quantifying the functions of arts in
the history of human being because almost all  Understand our human past and its
creations of man had its own unique purpose. relationship to our present. Recording
and documentation.
The following are significant areas in society  Learn about this rich and fundamental
where art is playing important functions: strand of human culture.
  Learn to talk and write about works of various kinds of art and power, occurs
art from different periods and places. across historical epochs and cultures. As
they respond to contemporaneous events
6. Cultural Function of Art and politics, the arts take on political as
well as social dimensions, becoming
 Art influences society by changing themselves a focus of controversy and
opinions, instilling values and translating even a force of political as well as social
experiences across space and time. It change.
allows people from different society and
different times to communicate with Philosophies of Art
each other via images, sounds and
stories enriching cultural worth.  Philosophy of art is the study of concepts
and nature of arts such as: interpretation,
representation and expression, and form.
It is closely related to aesthetics, the
7. Religious Function of Art philosophical study of beauty and taste.

1. Interpretation
 As a stimulus for creativity and culture,
2. Representation
religion is the spiritual impulse that
3. Expression
conjoins humanity with divinity through
4. Form
spiritual experience, ceremony, and
mythology. Art and religion converge
1. Interpretation
through ritual practice and presentation
of sacred narrative, thereby affecting "an
experience of the numinous" (Otto,  Interpretation in art refers to the
1923). attribution of meaning to a work. A point
on which people often disagree is
whether the artist’s or author’s intention
8. Aesthetic Function of Art
is relevant to the interpretation of the
work.
Three crucial characteristics of aesthetic
experience:
Two Branches of Interpretation:
 fascination with an aesthetic object (high Intentionalism
arousal and attention),
 appraisal of the symbolic reality of an  Concerned with the artist’s intention.
object (high cognitive engagement), and
a
Anti-intentionalism
 strong feeling of unity with the object of
aesthetic fascination and aesthetic
 Rejecting the relevance of the artist’s
appraisal.
intention.
9. Industry and Economy Function of Art 2. Representation
Arts and Design can be classified as a creative  It’s a type of description or portrayal of
industry. Every industry no matter what its type the artist in the artwork in which revolve
can play a role in the economic growth. around creating visceral, intimate worlds
that reach far beyond mere reproduction
 Manufacturing of the subjects in the physical world.
 Advertising
 Entertainment Types of Representation Art:
 Tourism
 engineering & technology Realism
 computer software
 construction  Sometimes called naturalism, in the arts
 ETC.. is generally the attempt to represent
subject matter truthfully.
10. Political Function of Art
Abstraction
 The arts and politics has a strong
relationship, particularly between
  Art that does not attempt to represent an about a work of art is the vivid
accurate depiction of a visual reality but communication of moods, feelings, and
instead use shapes, colors, forms and ideas.
gestural marks to achieve its effect.
4. Instrumentalism
Impressionism
 The theory that art should be an
 Impressionist art were not trying to paint instrument for furthering a point of view
a reflection of real life, but an that is moral, social, religious, or political.
'impression' of what the person, light, This art tends to be persuasive.
atmosphere, object or landscape looked
like to them. 5. Institutionalism

Aesthetic Theory  This is a relatively new theory of looking

at art. A new art view championed by
 Aestheticism was a late 19th century George Dickie in 1974, following on work
European theory based on the idea that by Arthur Danto, that art institutions like
art exists for the sake of its beauty the museums and galleries, or specific
alone. Good judgements in aesthetics agents working within them, have the
are grounded in features of artworks power to dictate what is art and what is
themselves, not just in us and our not.
preferences.
 Aesthetic qualities are the qualities of an Fundamental Philosophies of Art:
artwork that speak to the overall feeling
or mood of the artwork. It’s when art The key to understanding and appreciate art,
elements and principles come together each of the following fundamental theories
to create a sense of beauty, harmony the enthusiasts, artists (beginner or master)
and feel in the artwork. should consider:
 Aesthetic perception according to form,
interpretation, and context of an artwork. 1. Art is human-made.
 Example: Portrait of Ambroise Vollard is
an oil-on-canvas painting by Pablo  Art expresses as a result of the
Picasso, 1910 intricacies of life, as a result of humans
 Aesthetic theory of art related to the continually searching for meaning,
embedded descriptions and making meaning out of lived or observed
interpretations of the concepts of art and experiences, and attempting to connect
its significance to people’s experience to other humans
and emotions.
2. Art must be creative not imitative.
1. Imitationalism
 A creative work of art is something that
 Representational artwork aims to makes you ask questions and, because it
represent actual objects or subjects from makes you ask questions, it gets your
reality. Although some forms are taking creativity flowing.
steps toward abstraction, they still fall
under the category of representation. 3. Art must benefit and satisfy human
being.
2. Formalism
 Stress Relief
 It describes the critical position that the  Confidence Boost
most important aspect of a work of art is  Problem Solving
its form. The way it is made and its  Inspiration
purely visual aspects rather than its
narrative content or its relationship to 4. Art is expressed through a certain
the visible world. medium or material by which they
should be known for
3. Emotionalism
 Art is expressed through a certain
 Theory of art which places emphasis on medium or material in which they should
the expressive qualities. According to be known for. Own unique approach and
this theory, the most important thing concept.
The history of the world is similarly the history common example of the plastic arts is
of art, continually intertwined human existence. sculpture and architecture.
For millions of years, as humans roamed the
earth, evolution, and environment shaped 2. Performing Arts
many different cultures depending on location,
weather, natural resources, and food.  are art forms in which artists use their
body movements to dance or play music
Lesson 4: Common Expressions and Art instruments or use voice to sing in order
Forms to convey artistic expression.

Art Forms The common performing art forms are:

An activity or a piece of artistic work that can a. Music

be regarded as a medium of artistic
expression.  Music is a form of art that uses sound
organized in time. Music is also a form of
1. Visual Arts entertainment that puts sounds together
in a way that people like, find interesting
 Visual arts refers to any piece of work or or dance to. Most music includes people
creation of art which are primarily visual singing with their voices or playing
in nature with artistic merit. Major forms musical instruments like the piano, guitar,
are: drums, violin, etc.

a. Painting Example of Music Ensemble

 From Latin word ‘pingere’ meaning to  Founded in 1973, the Philippine

paint. Painting is a category in visual Philharmonic Orchestra is the resident
and fine arts that involve the application symphony orchestra of the Cultural
of paint, pigment, color, or other medium Center of the Philippines.
to a surface or support base in order to
present an image of a subject. Paintings b. Opera
may be done in any surface as walls,
paper, wood, concrete glass, cloth, or  Opera is an art form in which singers and
cardboard, etc. musicians perform a dramatic work
combining text or ‘libretto’ and musical
b. Sculpture score, usually in a theatrical setting.
 Opera incorporates many of the elements
 It came from a Latin word ‘sculpere’ of spoken theatre, such as acting,
which means to cut or removing pieces scenery, and costumes and sometimes
from a stone or any materials. It is the includes dance. The performance is
art of carving, modelling, casting, typically given in an opera house,
assembling, and constructing materials accompanied by an orchestra or smaller
into figures of forms to achieve three- musical ensemble.
dimensional piece.
Example of Opera Artist
c. Architecture
 Armida Siguion-Reyna is known to be a
 The art and technique of designing and Harana and Kundiman singer but she
building, as distinguished from the skills was also noted in the world of operas as
associated with construction. The she performed the lead singing roles in
practice of architecture is employed to Lucia de Lammersville, Rigoletto, La
fulfill both practical and expressive Traviata, I Pagliacci, The Merry Widow,
requirements, and thus it serves both and the zarzuela Ang Mestiza.
utilitarian and aesthetic ends.
c. Dance
d. Plastic Arts
 is the art form in which human movement
 Derived from the word ‘plasticize’, becomes the medium for sensing,
meaning ‘to mold’ which describes any understanding, and communicating
art form that involves modelling or ideas,
molding in three dimensions. The most
  feelings, and experiences. Dance has its considered as the highest form of
own content, vocabulary, skills, and performing arts.
techniques, which must be understood
and applied to be proficient in the art. Example of Cinema Artist

Example of Hip-hop Dance Ensemble  Switzerland, Charles Spencer Chaplin

Actor, Director and Composer “Charlie
 Upeepz won the gold medal in 2016, Chaplin” Comedy Act, 1918
Mega Crew, International Dance Hip-
hop Competition. The team was known Amusement forms of performing arts:
for their urban choreography and street
culture advocacy. a. Magic and Illusion

d. Drama  is a form of performing art using the

natural ability to create illusion and
 arts are a form of narrative performed on manipulative tricks for the purpose of
a stage in front of an audience. These entertainment in front of the live
stories and the way they are portrayed audiences.
manifest in a wide variety of styles, also
known as genres. The two oldest genres b. Mime
are tragedy and comedy and are still
popular theme to theater productions at  is a form of silent art that involves acting
present. or communicating using only movements,
gestures, and facial expressions. A
Example of Drama Production person performing mime is also simple
called a ‘mime’.
 From Lualhati Bautista's novel
Desaparesidos, a 2018 stage play
production in times of political turmoil
which took place during the 1970s. c. Puppetry

e. Spoken Words  is a form of theatre or performance that

involves the manipulation of puppets
 poetry is an art that focuses, at its core, inanimate objects, often resembling
on the words themselves. One quality of some type of human or animal figure,
spoken word artists is they tend to have that are animated or manipulated by a
a general passion for vernacular and human called a puppeteer.
vocabulary. A quality spoken word
artists tend to have is a commanding d. Circus Act
stage presence, though its not always
innate, its learned.  circus is a group of many different
performers, often including clowns,
Example of Spoken Poetry Artist trapeze artists, and animal trainers.
Traditional circuses have performing
 Gilbert Scott-Heron was an American animals, clowns, and acrobats, while
soul and jazz poet, musician, and more contemporary circuses combine
author, known primarily for his work as a elements of theater, dance, acrobatics,
spoken- word performer in the 1970s and music.
and 1980s. Scott-Heron’s poetry
collections to name a few include Small 3. Performance Arts
Talk at 125th and Lenox: A Collection of
Black Poems (1970) and So Far, So  Performance Art is a form of arts practice
Good (1990). that involves a person or persons
undertaking an action or actions within a
f. Cinema/Film/Movie particular timeframe in a particular space
or location for an audience (most of the
 though art cinema is often defined as an time live audience). Central to the
artistic or experimental work expressing process and execution of Performance
symbolic meaning through the medium Art is the live presence of the artist and
of film. It is ambiguous, aesthetically the real actions of his/her body, to create
rich, and complex and is now and present an ephemeral art experience
to a live audience.
Main characteristic: The primary medium and subgenres could feature interesting
conceptual material on which Performance Art themes like: graphics, comedy, and
is based is the artist’s own body especially romance.
facial expressions. Other key components are
time, space and the relationship and b. Nonfiction
connection between performer and audience.
 tells the story of real people and events.
 Characteristics: Examples include biographies,
It is a legitimate artistic movement. autobiographies, or memoirs.
 It is performed live in front of the
audience. c. Drama
 It is an advocacy oriented art.
 It has no rules or guidelines. It is art  a popular category of literature, is a story
because the artist says it is art. It is created mostly for a stage performance.
experimental. The most renowned author of drama was
 It may be entertaining, amusing, William Shakespeare, the writer of
shocking or horrifying. It is meant to be Macbeth, Hamlet, and Romeo and Juliet.
memorable.
It is primarily a not for sale art. d. Poetry

Example  a style of writing words arranged in a

metrical pattern and often (though not
 ‘Modern Men’, An Experimental always) in rhymed verse. Renowned
Performance Art poets include E.E. Cummings, Robert
 Steady Act, ‘Rhythm 0’, 1979, Social Frost, and Maya Angelou.
Experiment by Marina Abramovic,  Francisco Balagtas, 1788-1862
Russia  Introduced ‘Balagtasan
 Janine Antoni: Loving care, lick, and
lather e. Folktale

 referred to as mythology, tells stories of

originally oral literature and are meant to
4. Literary Arts pass on particular moral lessons. These
tales often have a timeless quality,
Literary art comes from two words namely: dealing with common concerns that are
relevant despite the time period.
 Art
 Literature 5. Digital and Multimedia Arts ( New
Media Arts )
Art means the expression of human feelings
that have beauty value. Remarkable Impacts of New Media Arts to
Contemporary Arts
Literature is an absorption word means guide,
guidance or order in the form of text or voice.  The impact of digital technology has
transformed human art expressions such
 So it can be concluded that literary art is as painting, drawing and sculpture, music
something in the form of writing or and literature even in architecture. The
stories that have artistic and cultural use of new tools which become very
value that displays the beauty of speech helpful for the artists not only to enhance
and language to convey certain but to make artwork in a more creative
meanings. process towards innovative and
unexplored paths
Genres of Literature:  Example: Architecture 3D Printing,
Landscape Digital Painting, Green
a. Fiction Screen
CGI Effects Movies/Films
 features imaginary characters and
events. This genre is often broken up 6. Decorative Arts
into several subgenres namely: fantasy,
historical fiction, contemporary fiction, Subjects of Art
mystery, and science fiction. Each
 1. In general, subject may be thought of as Religious
the ‘what’ in a piece of art such as the
topic, focus, and image. The most  It represents events objects and persons
common subjects of art include: related to religious beliefs and practices.
 Example: ‘The Transfiguration’ is the last
1. Portraiture painting by the Italian High Renaissance
2. Still-life master Raphael. 1516
3. Landscape
4. Flora and Fauna Mythological
5. Countrylife
6. Religious  it represents supernatural events or
7. Mythological fantasy depiction of people, places and
8. Abstraction objects.
 Example: Greek sculpture of Ocean god,
In the selection, abstraction is categorized named ‘Marforio’ or ‘Marphurius’, located
as non- objective art or non- in Rome, Italy. Classic mythology in art.
representational art while the rest is
categorized as objective art or Abstraction
representational art.
 Art that has no real subjects or
Portraiture representation is an abstract, a total
departure from reality.
 Specifically referring to depiction of  Example: White Center (Yellow, Pink and
human male and female. Lavender on Rose) is an abstract
 Example: ‘Self-Portrait with Thorn painting by Mark Rothko completed in
Necklace and Hummingbird’ is a 1940 1950.
painting by Mexican painter Frida Kahlo.
Methods of Presenting Art
Still-life
Every artist has his own individual and unique
 It represents a piece that features an style of doing his artworks. The style is almost
arrangement of inanimate objects as its all governed by his expertise and choice of the
subject. methods in presenting his subjects.
 Example: ‘Still Life with a Turkey Pie’ is 1. Realism
a 1627 painting by the Dutch painter 2. Surealism
Pieter Claesz 3. Cubism
4. Expressionism
Landscape 5. Impressionism
6. Symbolism
 is strictly referring to land and water 7. Pointillism
sceneries and forms. Seascape and 8. Futurism
cityscape is also an acceptable term in 9. Minimalism
specifying particular sceneries. 10. Fauvism
 Example: ‘The Bridge at Narni’ is an 11. Dadaism
1826 painting of the Ponte d'Augusto at 12. Pure Abstractionism
Narni by French artist Jean-Baptiste-
Camille Corot. Realism

Flora and Fauna  Known also as naturalism, this is an

attempt to represent things as it is with
 artworks representing daily life. accuracy and precision.
 Example: ‘The Morning in a Pine Forest’  Example: ‘The Shepherdess’, also known
is a painting by Russian artists Ivan as The Little Shepherdess, is a painting
Shishkin and Konstantin Savitsky, 1889 by William-Adolphe Bouguereau
completed in 1889
Country Life
Surrealism
 artworks representing daily life activities.
 Example: ‘The Fall of Icarus’ portraying  An invented word came from super
life by theriver and abundant land to naturalism or simply beyond realism.
farm by Pieter Bruegel, 1560 Surrealist attempt to represent subjects
 which is usually the result of dreams or  Example: ‘Auroro Sul Golfo’, A futurism
fantasy. painting by Gerardo Dottori, 1935
 Example: ‘I and the Village’ is an oil on
canvas painting by the Belarusian- Minimalism
French artist Marc Chagall created in
1911.  A modern art emphasizes the importance
of shapes and space to depicts minimal
Cubism usage of flamboyant display of decorative
design but rather simplicity. This method
 The cubist want to emphasize the is more applicable in sculpture,
advantage of using the basic geometric architecture and product design.
shapes in presenting any subjects.  Example: ‘She Who Must Be Obeyed’ is
Pioneer artists in this method is Brague a minimalist sculpture 33’ wide and 16’
and Picasso. deep made by Tony Smith in 1975
 Example: Cubism, ‘The Bird Seller’ is a
history painting created by a Filipino Fauvism
visual artist Vicente Manansala, 1976
 this painting uses bright colors and
Expressionism attractive shapes that depicts happiness
and positivity.
 Method is a depiction of emotional  Example: ‘The River Seine at Chatou’ by
realism expression of a real-life subject Maurice de Vlaminck. 1906
based on subjective perspective.
 Example: ‘Jeune garçon au cheval’ is an Dadaism
oil on canvas painting by Pablo Picasso.
1906  Dada as known to artists, this painting is
shocking in portrayal of political, social,
Impressionism and cultural issues and subjects.
 Example: ‘Switzerland, Birth-Place of
 is a realism art based on the artist’s Dada’ by Max Ernst. 1920
impression or perception particularly the
effects of lights on the objects or Pure Abstractionism
subjects.
 Example: ‘Luncheon on the Grass’ is an  from its name, this art is actually a
1865–1866 oil on canvas painting by withdrawal from truth and reality.
Claude Monet.  This art is being presented in distortion,
elongation, mangling, cubism and
Symbolism abstract expressionism.
 Example: ‘The She-Wolf’ is a pure
 Just like in literature, symbolism in abstraction painting by Jackson Pollock.
painting represents absolute reality 1943
using visible signs of object in an
indirect manner. Art, whether you love it or hate it, the purpose is
 Example: ‘Oedipus and the Sphinx’ is an to elicit a response. Artists produce work as a
1864 oil on canvas painting by Gustave result of internal or external stimuli, it is the only
Moreau, 1864 aim should be to cause a reaction. - A.C.
Grayling
Pointillism

 a unique way of rendering a painting

applying fine dots in the canvas. LESSON 5: ART COMPOSITION
 Example: ‘The Beach at Ambleteuse at
Low Tide’ a pointillism painting by Théo SECTION 1 FOUNDATION OF ART
van Rysselberghe
 Mediums and Techniques of Art
Futurism  Elements of Art
 Principles of Design
 Originated in Italy, this type of painting
depicts motion like the speed of a flying Mediums and Technique of Arts
objects are portrayed dramatically in the
canvas.
Medium refers to the art materials and tools
and other supplies while technique refers to
how the desired materials are used or applied
to make an art piece.

Medium in art is the material that artists use to

create their art. One piece of art can be made
of one medium or could be made by several
media if several medium is applied to it. The
more you know about the properties of various
mediums, the wider your artistic horizons are.
Drawing
Common Mediums In Making an Art:
 is one of the most basic ways to exercise
1. Watercolors, they are unpredictable. It
your creativity. Whether you’re using a
is hard to change the way it is going to
pencil, pen, crayon, or even your fingers,
disperse once it is applied on the paper.
the skills you gain from the activity
Once you master the skill and the
translate to a bevy of different media.
courage, you will realize that watercolors
But once you do, you’ll have the ability
is one fun art medium in making art.
create images you’re truly proud of.
2. Pastels, chalk pastels are great for
creating textures, blending colors, and  To learn how to handle a particular
layering. This medium in art is known as medium takes a few hours of practice.
luminous and tender. The powder used One needs to open their mind, heart,
for pastel pencils and chalks is a and emotions to feel what is right. Let
pigment itself, that is why the colors are intuition take over, to listen to their gut,
deep, and the effect is stunning. let your hand and fingers do the work
3. Ink is a convenient and affordable art and surprisingly, technique will come.
medium. It comes in the form of a
graphic, fountain, drawing, reed, and Mediums and technique are essentials in
drafting pens or simply ballpoint pens. creating art. After every art is done, it should
Ink goes as paint in small bottles too. It meet the following measurement:
can be used for drawing as well as
calligraphy and writing. 1. Genuineness
4. Pencils, colored pencils are not for kids 2. Aesthetic quality
alone. There is no such thing as a 3. Mastery of skill
‘childish’ medium because everything
depends on how you use it. Pencil Focal Point Technique
artwork has deep, and luminescent
effect aside from it is convenient to use  is the area or areas within a scene
and affordable art medium. that leads to the visual attention of
5. Mixed media is the incorporation of two the viewers. In most cases, the main
or all media of your choice together in a subject of the art is also the focal
unique way. This technique is enjoyable point of the art.
because it allows you to experiment and
can take numerous forms, and there are 1. Contrast
no limits for your imagination to explore. 2. Isolation
3. Placement
Again, there is no such thing as ‘the best 4. Convergence
medium.’ Everything depends on your 5. Unusual
preferences, ideas, and creative
objectives. Try them all and choose the Focal point technique identification:
one you like most.
UNUSUAL
Technique, style, your look, whatever
you want to call it is as individual as your
signature and your art skill should be
your identity. Learning the fundamentals
is simple to do, but like all art, they
require a lot of practice to master.

Pencil Stroke Technique:

CONTRAST Composition,
Elements of Art
Composition of an Artwork
The structure of an artwork refers to the
composition of finished artwork assembled in
harmony by necessary elements based on
artist’s critical taste, planning, and decision
making to create thereby a composition of a
master piece.
1. Elements of Art
2. Principles of Design
 Elements of Art - The structure of an
PLACEMENT
artwork refers to the composition of
finished artwork assembled in harmony
by necessary elements based on artist’s
critical taste, planning, and decision
making to create thereby a composition
of a master piece.

Elements of Art
1. Line - can be vertical, diagonal,
horizontal, and even curved. It can be
any width, size, shape, position,
direction, interval, or density.
ISOLATION 2. Shape - if a line were to curve around
and eventually cross itself, the
enclosed area is called a shape.
Shapes can either be in irregular or
regular geometric form
3. Form - connotes something that is
three-dimensional having length,
width, and height. A form can be
geometric or organic and is also used
to describe the physical nature of the
artwork not only in paintings but in
architecture and sculpture as well.
4. Value - The light or dark quality of a
color. When black is added to a color
CONVERGENCE the value of that color is darkened.
When white is added to a color the
value is lightened or tinted. Value is
 best seen in black and white mediums and can show a direct
photography. action or the intended path for the
Variance in Value: viewer's eye to follow through a
 Chiaroscuro – balance of light and piece. Techniques such as scale and
shadow. proportion are used to create the
 Sfumato – gradual blending of light and feeling of motion or the passing of
shadow. time in static visual artwork.
 Caravaggio – heavy shadow against Composition, Principles of Design
light. Principles of Design - When you look at a
5. Color - is often one of the most piece of art work, the first thing you will notice is
exciting elements in art. In both the composition of the master piece. The
figurative and abstract painting, principles of design is an artistic arrangement of
color can be used for its decorative the desired composition according to the
beauty, to create mood and to following:
express or arouse an emotion. In
nature and in art, color has a 1. Balance - in design covers how the
profound effect on the viewer. visual weight of elements are balanced
Characteristics of Color: with each other on both sides of a design
 Hue – the color itself. to create cohesiveness, completion, and
 Value – dark or light quality of satisfaction. To achieve optimal balance,
color. your composition should be balanced
 Intensity – brightness or vertically, horizontally, diagonally, or
saturation of color background versus foreground.
Basic Categories of Color: 2. Unity - is the principle of design that
 Primary – yellow, red, and blue. unifies all other principles within a piece
of work, allowing each individual element
 Secondary – mixture of two primary
to coexist with one another to form an
colors makes orange, purple, and green.
aesthetically pleasing design.
 Intermediate – mixture of one primary
and secondary color makes blue-green, 3. Emphasis - is a strategy that aims to
yellow-green, yellow-orange, red- draw the viewer's attention to a specific
orange, red-violet, and blue violet. design element. That could be to an area
of content, to an event, to an image, to a
link, or to a button, etc. The aim is to
6. Space - refers to the distance or
create a focal point in the design, an eye-
area between, around, above,
catching part that stands out, distinct
below, or within things. Negative
from the rest of the design elements.
space in a painting is any volume or
air that is not occupied by a solid 4. Contrast - refers to the arrangement of
form, positive space is any space in opposite elements and effects. For
a painting that is filled with example, light and dark colors, smooth
something, such as lines, colors, and rough textures, large and small
shapes or designs. shapes. Contrast can be used to create
Picture Plane within a Space variety, visual interest, and drama in an
artwork.
 Foreground – nearest to the viewer
 Middle ground – layer next to 5. Pattern - can have multiple meanings
foreground and elements in design. Repetition
 Background – layer after the middle focuses on the same object being
ground repeated. Patterns are made up from
7. Texture - it describes the feel of different components which are then
surfaces like smooth, rough, soft, repeated in the same way throughout the
hard, cold, warm, etc. For example design.
the optical sensation of the surface
6. Movement - is the path the viewer's eye
of the wood and how it feels even
takes through the work of art, often to
without touching it.
focal areas. Such movement can be
8. Time & Motion - is employed in
directed along lines, edges, shape, and
both static and in time-based
color within the work of art. The main
 goal is for the artist is to direct the
viewers eye movement through an
entire piece to rest on the focus of
interest
7. Rhythm - suggests movement or action.
Rhythm is usually achieved through
repetition of lines, shapes, colors, and
more. It creates a visual tempo in
artworks and provides a path for the
viewer's eye to follow. Rhythms help to
guide the viewer's eye around a piece
rather than allowing the eye to settle on
a particular focal point.
Composition is one of the most important
skills for any one to learn. Straight up. No joke.
It’s all about how to decide what to include and
exclude, and how to arrange it all to create
functional and beautiful objects for our own
benefits.
“The true art is but shadow of the divine
perfection” - Michaelangelo