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Science-10 Q4 Module-5 Week-5

The document discusses the law of conservation of mass in chemistry. It explains that the law states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions, so the total mass of reactants must equal the total mass of products. The document provides examples of chemical equations that conform to this law by showing the numbers of each type of atom are equal on both sides of the reactions. It also explains how to use the law of conservation of mass to calculate the mass of a product given the masses of reactants.

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Marl Rina Esperanza
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33 views

Science-10 Q4 Module-5 Week-5

The document discusses the law of conservation of mass in chemistry. It explains that the law states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions, so the total mass of reactants must equal the total mass of products. The document provides examples of chemical equations that conform to this law by showing the numbers of each type of atom are equal on both sides of the reactions. It also explains how to use the law of conservation of mass to calculate the mass of a product given the masses of reactants.

Uploaded by

Marl Rina Esperanza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Science10-Q4

Module 5 CHEMICAL REACTIONS

Lesson 1 LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS

What I Need To Know

Competency: Apply the principles of conservation of mass to chemical reactions.


S10MT -IVe - g -23
After going through this lesson, you are expected to:
1. identify reactants and products.
2. evaluate chemical equations that conform with the law of conservation of mass.
3. describe the characteristics of a chemical reaction.

What’s In
In the late eighteenth century, Antoine Lavoisier, a French chemist, recognized the
importance of accurate measurements. He extensively studied and explained the nature of
combustion. He found out that combustion involved reaction with oxygen. His experiments, in which
he carefully weighed the reactants and products of various reactions, suggested that mass is neither
created nor destroyed. In other words, the mass of any one element at the beginning of the reaction
will equal the mass of that element at the end of the reaction. Lavoisier’s discovery of this law of
conservation of mass was the basis for the development in chemistry in the nineteenth century.

What’s New

A chemical change involves reorganization of the atoms in one or more substances. The law
of conservation of mass requires that there must be exactly as many atoms among the combined
products of a chemical reaction as in its combined reactants. To understand this better, let us define
words that will be used in this lesson. Reactants are the starting material in a chemical reaction.
Products are the substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction. In a chemical equation,
reactants are found on the left side and the products are on the right side. A chemical reaction can
therefore be summarized as
Reactants → Products
For example, when the methane (CH4) in natural gas combines with oxygen (O2) in the air and
burns, carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) are formed.
CH4(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H2O(g)
The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
The reactants in this reaction are methane and oxygen gas. The products are carbon dioxide

1
and water.
A balanced equation conforms to the law of conservation of mass. Let us check if the
number of atoms of each kind on the left side of the reaction is equal to the number of atoms of each
kind on the right side of the equation.
There is 1 atom of carbon on the left side and 1 atom of carbon on the right side.
There are 4 atoms of hydrogen on the left side. On the right side, there are 2 atoms of
hydrogen that is multiplied by the coefficient 2 found on the left side of H2O.
On the left side of the equation, there are 2 atoms of oxygen multiplied by the coefficient 2
found on the left side of O 2. On the right side, there are two atoms of oxygen in CO 2 and 1 atom of
oxygen in H2O multiplied by the coefficient 2 found on the left side of H2O.
To get a clearer view of the number of atoms of each kind, look at the table below

Kind of Atom No. on Left side No. on Right side


C 1 1
H 4 2x2=4
O 2x2=4 2 + 1(2) = 4
Thus, the balanced equation above conforms to the law of conservation of mass.

Let us have another example:.


When aluminum and barium oxide are heated together, a vigorous reaction begins, and elemental
barium and aluminum oxide, Al2O3, are formed. The equation is
2Al(l) + 3BaO(s) → Al2O3(s) + 3Ba(l)
a. Identify the reactants and products.
a. Check the equation if it conforms with the Law of Conservation of Mass.
Answer:
a. The reactants are Al and BaO. The products are Al2O3 and Ba.
b. Kind of Atom No. on Left side No. on Right side
Al 1x2=2 2
Ba 1x3=3 1x3=3
O 1x3=3 3

It conforms with the Law of Conservation of Mass.


Exercise: Analyze and answer what is asked inside the box.

Identify the reactants and products of the reaction. Check the equation if it conforms with
the Law of Conservation of Mass.
1. Cl2(g) + 2 KBr(aq) → 2KCl(aq) + Br2(l)
2. 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(s) + H2(g)
3. K2CrO4(aq) + 2AgNO3(aq) → Ag2CrO4(s) + KNO3(aq)

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What Is It
The Law of Conservation of Mass

Mass is neither created nor destroyed. In a chemical reaction, the number of


atoms of each kind on the left and right sides of the arrow must be equal.

What’s More

Another application of the Law of Conservation of Mass in chemical reactions is to


predict the mass of the products when the mass of the reactants are known. If the Law of
Conservation of Mass holds, the total mass of reactants must equal the total mass of the
products. Therefore,
Total mass reacted = Total mass produced

In the reaction below, if 46.0 g of methane reacts with 96.0 g of oxygen to produce
54.0 g water, how much carbon dioxide is produced?
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
Methane Oxygen Carbon Water
dioxide

46.0 g + 96.0 g = Carbon dioxide + 54.0 g


142.0 g - 54.0 g = 88.0 g carbon dioxide

Exercise: Analyze and answer what is asked inside the box.

In the reaction shown below,


2Al(l) + 3BaO(s) → Al2O3(s) + 3Ba
65.0 g of Aluminum reacted with 35.0 g of Barium oxide to produce aluminum oxide and
barium. If 84.0 g of aluminum oxide is produced, how much barium is produced?

3
Science 10

Republic of the Philippines


Department of Education
Region VII, Central Visayas
DIVISION OF BOHOL

SCIENCE 10 : QUARTER 4-MATTER SCORE:


MODULE 5: LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
STUDENT’S ANSWER SHEET

Name: ________________________________ Barangay: ______________ Epifania D. Guarin


Grade & Section: _______________________ Purok: ________________ Science Teacher
09977384595

What’s New: Exercise

1. _________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________

What’s More: Exercise


1. _________________________________________________________________________

What I Have Learned:


State the Law of Conservation of mass. Cite an example of a reaction that conforms with the
law of conservation of mass.

What I can Do:


You have a chemical in a sealed glass container filled with air. The system has a mass of
250.0 g. The chemical is ignited by means of a magnifying glass focusing sunlight on the
reactant. After the chemical is completely burned, what is the mass of the system?

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