Behaviorism

r a , I s a b e l l a & C e l i a
Karime, K a s a n d
What is it?
According to this school of thought,
behavior can be studied in a
systematic and observable manner
regardless of internal mental states.
Behavioral theory also says that only
observable behavior should be
studied, as cognition, emotions, and
mood are far too subjective.
Behaviorism is a theory of learning
based on the idea that all behaviors
are acquired through conditioning,
and conditioning occurs through
interaction with the environment.

1
 John B. Watson
"Give me a dozen healthy infants,
well-formed, and my own specified
world to bring them up in and I'll
guarantee to take any one at random
and train him to become any type of
specialist I might select—doctor,
lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and,
yes, even beggar-man and thief,
regardless of his talents, penchants,
tendencies, abilities, vocations, and
race of his ancestors."

Behaviorism was formally

established with the 1913
publication of his classic
paper, "Psychology as the
Behaviorist Views It."
It is best summed up by the
following quote from Watson,
who is often considered the
father of behaviorism:

2
 Ivan Pavlov Burrhus Frederic Albert Bandura
Skinner
Pavlov's idea is that behavior is B. F. Skinner's theory of learning says He developed the SLT in response
the result of conditioning. He that a person is first exposed to a to the limitations of behavioral
believed that behavior is learned stimulus, which elicits a response, theories of learning. Bandura
through the process of classical and the response is then reinforced recognized that people learn by
conditioning, where behavior is (stimulus, response, reinforcement). observing how others behave,
shaped through the association This, ultimately, is what conditions including the rewards and
of stimuli in the environment. our behaviors. punishment they receive.

3
 n d i t i o n i n g
Cla s s i c a l Co sed in
q ue n tl y u
te c h n i q u e fre
iti o nin g i s a lu s i s p a i red
Classical c
ond
a n e u t r a l stimu
in in g in w hich e n t u a lly , the
tr a s. E v
behavioral o c c u rrin g s t im u lu
o n s e as
tura l ly ame r e s p
with a na m e s to ev o ke th e s
o u t the
ulu s c o ven w it h
neutral stim u rr in g s t im u lu s , e
u ra lly o c c g itself.
e na t s e n t in
th
r in g s t im u lus pre
ccur
naturally o v e lo p ing
o rks b y d e
ro c e s s w
l c o n d it i o ning p a l s ti m u lu s and
The classic
a
n e n vi ro n ment
ti o n b e t w een a
an associa g s ti m u lu s.
lly occurr in
a na tu ra

4
 Operant Conditioning
Operant conditioning, is a method This behavioral approach says that
of learning that occurs through when a desirable result follows an
reinforcement and punishment. action, the behavior becomes more
Through operant conditioning, an likely to happen again in the future.
association is made between a Conversely, responses followed by
behavior and a consequence for adverse outcomes become less likely
that behavior. to reoccur.

5
 n d i t i o n i n g
Cla s s i c a l Co sed in
q ue n tl y u
te c h n i q u e fre
iti o nin g i s a lu s i s p a i red
Classical c
ond
a n e u t r a l stimu
in in g in w hich e n t u a lly , the
tr a s. E v
behavioral o c c u rrin g s t im u lu
o n s e as
tura l ly ame r e s p
with a na m e s to ev o ke th e s
o u t the
ulu s c o ven w it h
neutral stim u rr in g s t im u lu s , e
u ra lly o c c g itself.
e na t s e n t in
th
r in g s t im u lus pre
ccur
naturally o v e lo p ing
o rks b y d e
ro c e s s w
l c o n d it i o ning p a l s ti m u lu s and
The classic
a
n e n vi ro n ment
ti o n b e t w een a
an associa g s ti m u lu s.
lly occurr in
a na tu ra

6
 Uses o f B e h a v i o r i s m
te d to educa tion a nd men ta l he alth.
diffe re nt us es, incl ud ing some re la
s a fe w
The behaviorist perspective ha
Education design. For insta nce, so m e te achers use
ud ents le a rn, su ch a s b y in fluen cing lesson
st
Behaviorism can be used to help nt co ndition ing ) while ot hers focu s m or e on creating a
t to he lp studen ts le arn (o p er a
co nsistent enco uragemen
se eng a gem en t (cla ss ica l co nd itioning).
stimulating environment to increa

Research obse rve a nd mea sure beha vior s. Because

avior a l psy ch olog y is the a bility to clearly
beh
One of the greatest strengths of sier to quantify a nd co lle ct da ta w hen co nductin g research.
le beh avior s, it is ofte n ea
behaviorism is based on observab

Mental Health en t of aut is m a nd sc hizo p hr en ia. This

avior is m a nd or igin a lly us ed in the treatm
beh
Behavioral therapy was born from th ou g hts and beh aviors, th ereb y im p rovi ng m enta l health.
eop le ch ang e p ro b lem a tic
type of therapy involves helping p
or ana lysis, to ke n ec on om ie s, and
in te ns iv e beh a vi or al in te rven tion, behavi
fectiv e ther a peu tic te chniq ue s such as ch a ng in g m ala d ap tive or
Ef p p ro ach es a re often ve ry us ef ul in
in beh a vior ism . Th es e a
discrete trial training are all rooted

7
l beh avior s in b oth child ren a nd adults.
harmfu
Thank you :)