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Vibration Analysis1

This document provides an introduction to vibration analysis concepts. It discusses that all machines vibrate due to inertia, stiffness, and imposed forces. Vibration monitoring is used to determine what causes vibration and involves induced forces and freedom of movement. Machine vibration is complex as different components create their own frequencies and amplitudes, which when combined produce the overall vibration. Key measurements in vibration analysis include amplitude using peak, peak-to-peak, and RMS values and frequency. Free and forced vibration are also discussed along with concepts like mobility, displacement, velocity, and acceleration.

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163 views

Vibration Analysis1

This document provides an introduction to vibration analysis concepts. It discusses that all machines vibrate due to inertia, stiffness, and imposed forces. Vibration monitoring is used to determine what causes vibration and involves induced forces and freedom of movement. Machine vibration is complex as different components create their own frequencies and amplitudes, which when combined produce the overall vibration. Key measurements in vibration analysis include amplitude using peak, peak-to-peak, and RMS values and frequency. Free and forced vibration are also discussed along with concepts like mobility, displacement, velocity, and acceleration.

Uploaded by

nagarajangopi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

VIBRATION ANALYSIS FOR CBM

BASIC CONCEPTS – UNIT 1

BY DIBYENDU DE
ALL MACHINES VIBRATE

Because of:
Inertia
Stiffness
Imposed forces
VIBRATION MONITORING

What causes Vibration ?

INDUCED FORCE

&

FREEDOM FOR MOVEMENT


VIBRATION MONITORING

Types of Forces ?

Inertia Forces
Acceleration & Deceleration
Looseness & Impacts
MACHINE VIBRATION IS COMPLEX
• Behaviour of each component creates their
own frequencies
• Frequency tells us about a possible problem.
• Amplitude tells us about the severity of the
problem.
• Multiple frequencies combine to produce the
overall vibration
• Vibration from 1 Hz to 1000 Hz captures
overall amplitude
ONE CYCLE OF VIBRATION

• Movement of weight from neutral


position to upper limit
• Upper limit back through neutral
position to lower limit
• Lower limit to neutral position
• The movement of the weight
plotted against time is a sine wave

•
FREE & FORCED VIBRATION

• With sudden impulse the system will


vibrate at its natural frequency
• Free vibrations die out with time if the
system is stable. (Bump test)
• Forced vibration are periodically imposed
on the system (like motor). The response is
also periodic
FORCE, MOBILITY & VIBRATION

• Response to forced
vibration is not uniform at
all frequencies.
• Response depends on the
mobility of the structure
• Mobility varies with
frequencies. High at
resonance. Low where
damping is present.
MEASUREMENT OF AMPLITUDE & FREQUENCY
Peak  for velocity and
acceleration (used for algorithms)

Peak to Peak  Displacement

RMS  Velocity & acceleration


(Europe) Energy content (only for
sine wave)

Average  Not used in vibration


analysis

Frequency = 1/Period (Hz/CPM)


MEASUREMENT OF AMPLITUDE

Peak  for velocity and


acceleration

Peak to Peak  Displacement

RMS  Velocity & acceleration


(Europe) Energy content (only for
sine wave)

Average  Not used in vibration


analysis
DISPLACEMENT, VELOCITY & ACCELERATION

What? Why?
• Displacement = d = x = A sin (wt) • Strain Energy ∝ to d2

• Velocity = v = dx / dt = Aw cos wt = Aw sin • Kinetic Energy ∝ to v2


(wt + 90o)

• Acoustic Pressure ∝ to a2
• Acceleration = a = dv /dt = - Aw2 sin wt =
• Force
Aw2 sin (wt + 180o)
VIBRATION - CAR ANALOGY

Low Frequency
Long period (T)
High displacement
Average Velocity
Low Acceleration
Medium Frequency
Medium period (T)
Average displacement
Average Velocity
Average Acceleration

High Frequency
Short period (T)
Low displacement
Average Velocity
High Acceleration
THANK YOU FOR COMPLETING UNIT 1
CONTACT: FOR FACILITATED TRAINING
DIBYENDU DE, EMAIL ID: [email protected]

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