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Type of Words

The document defines and provides examples of the eight parts of speech in the English language: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection. It discusses the definition and examples of nouns and pronouns, including subject pronouns, complement pronouns, possessive pronouns, and demonstrative pronouns. It also briefly defines verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, and conjunctions.

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David-Emmanuel Silue
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11 views

Type of Words

The document defines and provides examples of the eight parts of speech in the English language: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection. It discusses the definition and examples of nouns and pronouns, including subject pronouns, complement pronouns, possessive pronouns, and demonstrative pronouns. It also briefly defines verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, and conjunctions.

Uploaded by

David-Emmanuel Silue
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON 1 :

A word is a single distinct meaningful element of speech or writing, used with


others (or sometimes alone) to form a sentence and typically shown with a space
on either side when written or printed.

Example: Mouse, eat, sloth, quickly, I

There is different type of words, and each of them has its particularities and its
function in an utterance/sentence. There are eight parts of speech in the English
language: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and
interjection.

I- NOUN & PRONOUN:

1) A word is used to identify any of a class of people, places, or things


(common noun), or to name a particular one of these (proper noun). That
means any word that defines a common thing, abstract or physical. There
is no special way to recognize them; you should learn each of them.
Nouns are often used with an article (the, a, an), but not always. Proper
nouns always start with a capital letter; common nouns do not. Nouns can
be singular or plural, concrete or abstract. Nouns show possession by
adding 's. Nouns can function in different roles within a sentence; for
example, a noun can be a subject, direct object, indirect object, subject
complement, or object of a preposition.
2) A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun. A pronoun is usually
substituted for a specific noun, which is called its antecedent. Just as there
is noun which are subject and other complement, in the same way there
are subject pronoun, complement, possessive and demonstrative pronoun.

Subject pronoun: I, You, He/She/It, We, You, They

Complement pronoun: me; you; him; her; it; us; you and them

Possessive pronoun: mine, yours, his, her, its, our, yours, their

Demonstrative pronoun: these, those, this, that,

Reflective pronoun: Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves,


yourselves, themselves.
II- Verb:

The verb in a sentence expresses action or being. There is a main verb and
sometimes one or more helping verbs. A verb must agree with its subject in
number (both are singular or both are plural). Verbs also take different forms to
express tense.

III- Adjective:

An adjective is a word used to modify or describe a noun or a pronoun. It


usually answers the question of which one, what kind, or how many. (Articles
[a, an, the] are usually classified as adjectives.) Adjectives are also placed before
the noun they qualified.

When a noun has many adjective linked to it, the position of each adjective
depends on a certain order: opinion, size, age, shape, color, origin, material,
purpose and past participle.

NB: the past participle of verb can be considered as adjective if they are used
near a noun and without any auxiliary.

IV- Adverb:

An adverb describes or modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, but


never a noun. It usually answers the questions of when, where, how, why, under
what conditions, or to what degree. Adverbs often end in -ly. There are generally
the combinations of adjective and “ly”.

Example: gentle + ly = gently

V- Preposition:

A preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to form a phrase


modifying another word in the sentence. Therefore a preposition is always part
of a prepositional phrase. The prepositional phrase almost always functions as
an adjective or as an adverb.
Common list: about, above, after, against, among around, at, away, before,
behind, between, besides, by, down, during, for, from, in, in front of, inside,
into, near, next, on, off, outside, since, through, to, towards, under, up, with,
within.

VI- Conjunction:

A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses, and indicates the relationship


between the elements joined. Coordinating conjunctions connect grammatically
equal elements: and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet. Subordinating conjunctions
connect clauses that are not equal: because, although, while, since, etc. There are
other types of conjunctions as well.

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