ID FOR CHO

T A KI
RS N
FI

Besas, Khazzandra Bianca

BSN2A - GROUP 1
 CHOKING
WHAT IS CHOKING?

Choking is when a person can't speak, cough, or breathe

because something is blocking (obstructing) the airway. No air
can get through. If the airway stays blocked, it can lead to a loss
of consciousness and death.

Partial Choking TYPES OF CHOKING

Coughing is the body’s way of clearing the airway, and so it may
indicate a partial airway obstruction.
Complete Choking
Complete choking happens when the airway is completely
blocked. When this happens, the person is unable to breathe
and is in a life-threatening situation.

CAUSES
Trying to swallow large pieces of food
Eating while talking, laughing, walking, or running
Eating too quickly

SYMPTOMS
Panicked and distressed behavior
Inability to talk in complete sentences or at full volume
Frantic coughing
Unusual breathing sounds, such as wheezing or whistling
Clutching at the throat
Watery eyes
Red face.
 DO'S
(ADULT AND CHILDREN OVER 1 YEAR OLD)
1. Encourage the adult or child to cough to remove the
object.
2. Call an ambulance if coughing does not remove the
blockage
3. Bend the patient forwards and give up to 5 sharp back
blows with the heel of one hand between the shoulder
blades, checking if the object is relieved after each back
blow.
4. If this is unsuccessful, give up to 5 chest thrusts by
placing one hand in the middle of patient’s back for
support and heel of other hand in the CPR compression
position, checking if the object is relieved after each
chest thrust.
5. If the blockage does not clear continue alternating 5
back blows with 5 chest thrusts until medical aid
arrives.
6. Do CPR if they become unconscious
7. An adult or child– ask the person to lean over with their
hands on their knees or sit in a chair leaning forward.
The amount of force used on a child is less than that
used on an adult

(BABIES UNDER 1 YEAR OLD)

1. Call for an ambulance
2. Give back blows
3. If the blockage hasn’t cleared after 5 back
blows:
4. If the blockage hasn’t cleared after 5 chest
thrusts, continue alternating 5 back blows with
5 chest thrusts until medical aid arrives
5. If the infant becomes unconscious, commence
CPR
 DON'TS
(ADULT AND CHILDREN)
1. Don’t ask them if they’re ok – if they’re struggling
to breathe, they are not ok. Instead ask them if
they are choking, as they may be suffering from
something else (e.g., asthma), and you will then
be able to provide them with the best type of First
Aid assistance. The way they respond will let you
know if it is a partial obstruction (they can speak)
or full obstruction (they will not be able to speak
at all – will shake their head).
2. Don’t attempt to perform the Heimlich maneuver
(i.e., a big thrust to the abdominal area) as it can
break ribs and damage internal organs
3. Don’t put your fingers in their mouth – they may
bite you accidentally and it could further lodge
the object in the trachea.
4. Don’t start CPR by giving breaths if they become
unconscious – pushing on the chest with
compressions first may push the object out as
muscles relax when a casualty becomes
unconscious.
5. Don’t pick up the child and turn them upside
down
 STEPS
BACK BLOWS FOR ADULTS
1. If you are able, gently lean the person
forward so their upper body is parallel
with the ground. Use one arm across the
person's chest for support. If the person is
a child, kneel down behind them.
2. Use the heel of your free hand to give 5
quick thumps (back blows) between the
person's shoulder blades.

BACK BLOWS FOR A BABY

1. Place the baby with their head downwards
on your forearm
2. Support their head and shoulders on your
hand
3. Hold the baby’s mouth open with your
fingers
4. Give up to 5 sharp blows between their
shoulders with the heel of one hand
5. Check if the obstruction has been released
after each back blow
6. If the obstruction is relieved, turn baby on
their back and remove any of the foreign
material that may have come loose with
your little finger
 STEPS
ABDOMINAL THRUSTS FOR ADULT

1. Reach around the person's waist.

2. Position one clenched fist above the navel (belly button)
and below the rib cage.
3. Grasp your fist with your other hand. Pull the clenched
fist sharply and directly backward and upward under the
rib cage 5 times quickly.
4. If the person is obese or in late pregnancy, give chest
thrusts.
5. Keep doing back blows and abdominal thrusts without
stopping until the obstruction is relieved, the person
becomes unconscious, or advanced life support is
available. In either case, the person should be examined
by a healthcare provider as soon as possible.

CHEST THRUSTS FOR A BABY

1. Place the baby on their back on a firm

surface
2. Place 2 fingers in the CPR position
3. Give 5 chest thrusts – they should be
slower but sharper than CPR compressions
4. Check if the obstruction has come loose
after each thrust
 STEPS
ABDOMINAL THRUST IF ALONE:
1. If you are by yourself and choking, you can do
thrusts on yourself. Or you can thrust your
upper abdomen against the back of a chair or
the edge of a counter.
2. Try to stay calm. Attract someone’s attention
for help.
3. Attempt forceful coughing. Lean as far
forward as you can. Hold onto something that
is firmly anchored, if possible. Breathe out
and then take a deep breath in and cough.
This may eject the foreign object.
4. Don’t let anyone slap you on the back while
you are upright. Gravity may cause the object
to slip further down your trachea (windpipe).

NOTE:
To minimize possible harm, back blows and abdominal thrusts should only be used in actual
emergencies when it is sure that the person is choking. Use this method only in adults and children
over 1 year old.

A different method is used in infants under 1 year old. Discuss the correct first aid choking method
for your child with their healthcare provider.

MEDICATIONS NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

No medications indicated for Similar with the do’s and don’ts as
choking. well as the steps.
 PREVENTION
1. You can prevent choking in adults & children with these safety
measures:
2. Cut food into small pieces.
3. Chew food slowly and thoroughly, especially if wearing
dentures.
4. Don't laugh and talk while chewing and swallowing.
5. Don't drink lots of alcohol before and during meals.
6. Keep marbles, beads, thumbtacks, latex balloons, coins, and
other small toys and objects out of reach, particularly in
children younger than 4 years old.
7. Prevent children from walking, running, or playing when they
have food and toys in their mouth.
8. Don't feed children younger than age 4 foods that can easily get
lodged in the throat. This includes hot dogs, nuts, chunks of
meat or cheese, grapes, hard or sticky candy, popcorn, chunks
of peanut butter, or raw carrots.
9. Supervise mealtimes with young children.
10. Prevent older siblings from giving a dangerous food or toy to a
young child.
11. Remove choking hazards.

MUST-KNOWS
1. Choking is life-threatening.
2. If a choking person can cough forcefully, let the person keep
coughing.
3. If a person can't cough, talk, cry or laugh forcefully, give first aid
to the person.
4. Emergency medical treatment for young children isn't always
the same as for adults, which is why all parents should take a
course in pediatric (child) first aid.
5. Don’t slap a choking person on the back while they are upright –
gravity may cause the object to slip further down the trachea
(windpipe).