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Laboratory Manuan Lab 2

1) The document describes two experiments to determine factors that affect reaction rates. The first examines the effect of a catalyst (manganese dioxide) on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The second examines the effect of mechanical mixing on the reaction between baking soda and vinegar. 2) The experiments found that: a) Manganese dioxide acted as a catalyst to increase the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide; b) Mechanical mixing increased the rate of reaction between baking soda and vinegar, while no mixing decreased the rate. 3) Key factors that affect reaction rates are concentration of reactants, physical state/surface area, temperature, presence of a catalyst, and mechanical mixing. The experiments measured the effects of catalyst

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27 views

Laboratory Manuan Lab 2

1) The document describes two experiments to determine factors that affect reaction rates. The first examines the effect of a catalyst (manganese dioxide) on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The second examines the effect of mechanical mixing on the reaction between baking soda and vinegar. 2) The experiments found that: a) Manganese dioxide acted as a catalyst to increase the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide; b) Mechanical mixing increased the rate of reaction between baking soda and vinegar, while no mixing decreased the rate. 3) Key factors that affect reaction rates are concentration of reactants, physical state/surface area, temperature, presence of a catalyst, and mechanical mixing. The experiments measured the effects of catalyst

Uploaded by

Oka Dee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DETERMINING THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE REACTION RATE

LABORATORY #2

OBJECTIVES: 2) PHYSICAL STATE OF THE


1) To determine the factors that REACTANTS AND SURFACE
affects the reaction rates. AREA
2) To measure the reaction rates If reactant molecules exist in
effect of mechanical mixing. different phases, as in a
heterogeneous mixture, the rate of
3) Perform laboratory experiments reaction will be limited by the
and observe proper laboratory surface area of the phases that are
procedures. in contact. For reactions involving
the surface of a solid, the greater
Reaction Rate is the measure of the surface area, the more
the change in concentration of the collisions that can occur.
disappearance of reactants of
change in concentration of the 3) TEMPERATURE
appearance of products per unit An increase in temperature will
time. It implies that the speed raise the average kinetic energy of
which a chemical reaction the reactant molecules, therefore it
proceeds. The study of chemical will increase the rate of reaction.
reactions is not complete without a The higher the temperature, the
consideration of the rates at which greater the kinetic energy of
these reactions proceed. We know molecules, leading to more
that some reactions such as those effective collisions.
between ions in solution frequently
proceed very rapidly, while others 4) PRESENCE OF A CATALYST
proceed so slowly that the rate is A catalyst is a substance that
not even detectable. The practical accelerates a reaction by
importance of these rate participating in it without being
considerations is difficult to consumed.
exaggerate. For example, a metal Catalyst provides an alternate
which is exposed to weather will reaction pathway to obtain
undergo reactions with oxygen and products by altering the speed of
water which result in corrosion. chemical reactions.

THERE ARE FOUR FACTORS In this laboratory experiment, the


THAT AFFECTS THE REACTION students will handle to two set-up
RATE which are dealing with a) Effects of
1) REACTANT CONCENTRATION Catalyst and b) Effects of
Increasing the concentration of Mechanical Mixing.
one or more reactants will often
increase the rate of reaction.
EXPERIMENT 1: EFFECTS OF CATALYST

Materials: Chemicals:
250 mL Beaker Hydrogen Peroxide Solution (6%)
Spoon or Spatula Liquid Dishwashing Detergent
Stirring Rod Manganese
Dioxide Graduated Cylinder
Measuring Spoon
Glass Funnel

PROCEDURE:

1. Add 50 mL of the Hydrogen peroxide solution to each beaker.


2. Add a large squirt of liquid detergent to each beaker. Mix and observe;
note the absence, or near absence, of bubbles being formed.
3. Add ¼ tsp. of manganese dioxide to one beaker.
4. Compare to the behavior to the both mixture of with and without the
Manganese dioxide.
5. Observe and make sure to record everything.

DATA:

PRESENCE OF BUBBLES OBSERVATION


(with liquid dishwashing (with and without
detergent) Magnesium
Dioxide)
BEAKER 1
BEAKER 2

ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS:

1) From the experiment, which of the following acts as the catalyst?


2) What is the importance of the catalyst?
3) What is the common catalyst in our daily life?
EXPERIMENT 2: EFFECTS OF MECHANICAL MIXING

Materials: Chemicals:
2 pieces of 500 mL Beaker Baking Soda NaHCO3
Stirring Rod Vinegar, HCH3O

PROCEDURE:

PART 1: REACTION WITH STIRRING

1. Add 100 mL of water to 500 mL beaker. The water temperature should be


at or near room temperature.
2. Add 50 mL of vinegar solution to the beaker mix the vinegar and water.
3. Measure out 1 tablespoon of baking soda.
4. Set the 500 mL beaker on a dark surface so as provide good contrast with
the white NaHCO3. Add the 1 tablespoon of baking soda to vinegar solution
and stir continuously.
5. Measure the time required for all the baking soda to be “used up” in the
reaction with vinegar.
6. Record the time started to react and time that the baking soda was
total used up.

PART 2: REACTION WITH STIRRING

1. Add 100 mL of water to 500 mL beaker.


2. Add 50 mL of vinegar solution.
3. Set the beaker on a dark surface.
4. Add 1 tablespoon of baking soda; no stirring!
5. Measure the time required for all the baking soda to react.
6. Record the time started to react and time that the baking soda was
total used up.
DATA:

TIME STARTED TO TIME ENDED THE TOTAL TIME FOR


REACT REACTION BAKING SODA
WAS USED UP
BEAKER 1
BEAKER 2

ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS:

1) Explain what happened to the reaction rate of a solution with mechanical


mixing.
2) Explain what happened to the reaction rate of a solution without
mechanical mixing.

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