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Section 1.4

This document provides definitions and information about trigonometric functions and their inverses including: 1) Definitions of the six main trigonometric functions relating the ratios of sides of a right triangle to an angle measure. 2) How to fill in values on the unit circle where the radius is 1. 3) Common trigonometric identities including reciprocal, Pythagorean, and double-angle/half-angle formulas. 4) That trigonometric functions are periodic and repeat their values over intervals related to their period. 5) Inverse trigonometric functions exist with domain restrictions to ensure a unique inverse relationship.

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Terra Drake
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103 views

Section 1.4

This document provides definitions and information about trigonometric functions and their inverses including: 1) Definitions of the six main trigonometric functions relating the ratios of sides of a right triangle to an angle measure. 2) How to fill in values on the unit circle where the radius is 1. 3) Common trigonometric identities including reciprocal, Pythagorean, and double-angle/half-angle formulas. 4) That trigonometric functions are periodic and repeat their values over intervals related to their period. 5) Inverse trigonometric functions exist with domain restrictions to ensure a unique inverse relationship.

Uploaded by

Terra Drake
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Math 2413

Section 1.4 – Trigonometric Functions and Their Inverses

Trigonometric Functions
Definition: Let P ( x, y ) be a point on a circle of radius r associated with the angle θ . Match
the following:

r
sin θ =
x

y
cos θ =
x

y
tan θ =
r

r
csc θ =
y

x
sec θ =
y

x
cot θ =
r

When working with the unit circle (a circle of radius 1), these definitions become

sin θ =

cos θ =

tan θ =

csc θ =

sec θ =

cot θ =
The Unit Circle
Fill-in the Unit Circle. You must use radians.

x=
y=
Trigonometric Identities
Definition: Trigonometric functions have a variety of properties (called identities) that are true
for all angles in the domain. Following is a list of commonly used identities. You are required
to memorize these.

Trigonometric Identities
Reciprocal Identities

csc θ =

sec θ =

tan θ =

cot θ =

Pythagorean Identities

sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ =
1

Double-Angle and Half-Angle Formulas

( 2θ ) 2sin θ cos θ cos=


sin= ( 2θ ) cos 2 θ − sin 2 θ
1 + cos ( 2θ ) 1 − cos ( 2θ )
=cos 2 θ = sin 2 θ
2 2

Solve the following equation.


2 sin x + 1 =0

2  2
Do sin x = − =
and x sin −1  −  mean the same thing?
2  2 
Graphs of the Trigonometric Functions
Definition: Trigonometric functions are examples of periodic functions: Their values repeat over
f ( x ) for
every interval of some fixed length. A function f is said to be periodic if f ( x + P ) =
all x in the domain, where the period P is the smallest positive real number that has this
property.

Inverse Trigonometric Functions


Each of these functions carries a restriction that must be imposed to ensure that an inverse exists.
y

Evaluate or simplify the following expressions.


sin −1 ( 3 2 )

tan −1 ( −1 3)

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