NATIONAL. | +% CENGAGE Croc S TEARNING |“ Learning Katrina Gormley SECOND EDITIONContents pon Unit 3 Unit 4 Review 2 “Unit 5 Unit 6 Review 3 Unit 7 Unit 8 Review 4 Unit 9 Unit 10 Review 5 Unit 11 Unit 12 Review 61 Personally Speaking Reading A\ Read the Exam Reminder. What should you do first? B_ Now complete the Exam Task. How to ve a teenager and survive! Being a teenager in these troubled times isn't exactly a walkin the park. The uncertainty only adds to the typical ist of problems you'e already facing, So, what are the challenges you are up against and how can you weather the storm and arrive safely on ‘the other side? ‘Asa teenager the biggest challenge you, your family and friends face is mood swings. ne minute you feel ecstatic Full ‘of confidence and optimism and the next you feel depressed, ‘angry atthe world and certain that you area flue, Personal appearance alzo becomes ahuge issue. The hormones racing through your bedy play havoc with your self-image. Suddenly, you have become t00 fat, too thin, too ugly, too short, too tal; Your hairistoo dark, too light, too curly, too straight, etc: In short, You are completely dissatisfied with your appearance. Relationships with others also become more complicated. You. ‘may find you no longer have that much in common with the friends you've been hanging around with for years. It can also be distressing when a former best friend now prefers to spend time with other friends. As for family elationships, well it ‘often seems that a war has been declared, and parents and siblings have become the enemy. © Butit needn't all be doom and gloom. The teenage years are unique in a person's life ‘They mark the end of childhood and the important passage to adulthood. The key to ‘a happy 'teenhood’is to recognise that no matter how your emotions change orhow insecure you feel about yourself, you are perfectly normal! Everyone, big and small, ‘experiences feelings of depression and anxiety from time to time. But here are afew tips to help you get through your darkest ‘moments, Communication has got to be the first tip. Ifyou keep negative feelings in, ‘you'll reach a point where you think you're going to explode. Confide insomeone about how you are J|_dentifying key information + With multiple-choice sentences, remember to read the sentence stems first and underline the key words. Try to find the section of the text that matches the underlined key words, Don't forget to read the answer options carefully before matching to the text: Then you underline the correct answer feeling with someone you can trust. Even ifthey can't give you the advice you need, ust getting it off your chest can make a world of difference But, what can you do if you'e at exploding point and there's no one to talk to? If you want to avoid conflict with cothers, go somewhere on your own fora minute or two to process things. Take time to breathe properly. When we are in stressful situations our breathing becomes short and rushed, and as a result less oxygen reaches the brain. This can heighten negative feelings that we have. One technique is to close one nostril with your thumb and inhale, then close the other nostril with your index finger and exhale as you release your thumb from the first nostril, Do this atleast ten times and your breathing will return to normal and you will, feel much calmer in next to no time, Physical exercise like running, cycling and swimming ate also, great ways to clear the mind and they have the added bonus ‘of keeping you ft ifyou do this whenever you're down, youl also startto fee! better about yourself and your body. There's rno need to push yourself tothe limits, though. Listen to your body and stop when it says,'No more” Finally, always try to focus on the positive aspects of your life. Being a teenager means you have more freedom. Use it in constructive ways so that feelings of fustration are replaced by feelings of accomplishment. 5Exam Task You are going to read an article on how to survive as a teenager. For question 1 ~ 6 choose the answer (a, b, ¢ or d) hich you think fits best according to the text. | 1 Asaresultof the currant world situation, 4 | 2 everrone has the same problems. |b teenagers are coping better than others. | people feel insecure about the future. | d. the problems confronting teenagers have | changed completely. Teenagers often have to deal with a sudden emotional changes. the anger of relatives and friends. € constantly putting on and losing weight. d_ lack of success. During the teenage years, a family members always stop taking to one another. hormonal changes can make young people dissatisfied with how they look. best friends always grow apart. d_ personel appearance becomes the most important aspect of a teenager's life. Vocabulary A. Read the Exam Reminder. What should you check? B_ Now complete the Exam Task. Exam Task Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in capitals. What does the word ‘unique’ in paragraph 4 tell us about the teen years? 2 They cause a lot of anxiety. b They are a very special time in our lives. € All teenagers experience them in the same way. d_ Teenagers ought to be happier. ‘According to the writer, angry teenagers feel better aby listening to the advice of others. bby bottling up their feelings. © by talking about their feelings by taking short, quick breaths. ‘The writer encourages teenagers to respect their body and its limitations, exercise only when they are depressed € ask their parents for more freedom. d_ take up a competitive sport. Exam Transforming words ‘+ Ty to create a word family for each word given in the task Remember to think about which form (noun, adjective or adverb) would fit best in the sentence. Don't forget you must always check the spelling of the words you write. You will lose marks for words spelled incorrectly. 1 Jen isso___with her new job that she's thinking of leaving. SATISFY 2. Many people who live alone suffer from ALONE 3. The meal he prepared was so no one could eat it, Discus 4 Tania’s very bright, but she lacks eee CONFIDENT 5 Are you very about your exam results? ANXIETY 6 She was so _— in her new job, she didn’t mind working HAPPINESS at weekends. C Match the first parts of the sentences 1-6 to the second parts af. 1. The player imped in TI a aloss for words 2 Allthe way through the play, she was on 1b good terme with my boss since last December. 3. When | heard about the break-up, | was at c your skin; she's ust insecure. 4 Seeing the huge flames, James ran out ofthe office in | d_ the edge of her seat. 5 {haven't boon on agony off the field 6 Don'tlet Fiona get under OF apanie D Complete the words in the sentences. 1 Aphobiais ani __ _ fear of something specific, 2 Never be afraid toe your feelings. 3 Iwasa _ to find out they were getting married, 4 How will the new changes a _ 5 What as____ you missed the party! 6 I've been feeling m _ all day _ your job? Personally Speaking 1Grammar Present Simple & Present Continuous A. Find and correct the mistakes in the sentences. 1. We are going to the beach every day. Why are you complaining always about the weather? These roses are smelling lovely. They have a test usually at the end of each term. — aes Are neurons sending messages to the brain? What do youstare at? I look forthe station. Can you tell me where itis? She gets more and more excited about her birthday every day. eNVausen B_ Complete the sentences with the Present Simple or the Present Continuous form of these verbs. | belong burstinto freak out go look notsee show take take off 1 Whattime the plane 2 this science book to you? 3 The referee Garibaldi a red card and the whole stadium wil 4 Every winter, we sing lossons 5 Ame miserable is anything wrong? 6 Sharon always. tears during sad films. 7 My mum —__ ___ when I stay out too late. a — Sam anymore. Exam Highlighting key words ; } * Remember to read the multiple-choice questions, and Listening “dors who italeng ard woe they ae ting soot * Ithelbs if you underline key words in the questions. A Read the Exam Reminder. How many options «Then, read all of the answer ‘options and think about should you choose for your answer? the meaning of each of the keywords. Ifyou are having trouble understanding some words, try to think of other words that may mean the same thing * Don't forget that only one option will answer the question! B 160 Now complete the Exam Task. Exam Task ‘You will hear people talking in six different situations. For questions 1 — 6, choose the best answer (a, b oF cl. 1. You heer a man talking about his family if. How 4 You hear aman and a woman talking. Who is the man no. does he feel? longer on good terms with? 2 free a his brother b lonely b his sisterin-low © anxious € his children 2 You hear a mother talking to her son. Why is she 5 You hear a man talking about fying, What did he disike talking to him? about it? a to congratulate him 3 confined spaces, b tocalmhim down b heights € togive him some advice € being bored 3 Youhear two teenagers talking. What isthe giri_ 6 You hear a woman talking on the radio. What is she? dissatisfied with? a aschool teacher a her appearance b anagony aunt b her weight € awrter ¢ her performance at schacl CHE Listen again and check your answers.Qrammar Present Perfect Simple & Present Perfect Continuous A Complete the sentences using the Present Perfect Simple or the Present Perfect Continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 4 Why yoy _{not clean) the bathroom yet? 2 Theprofessor_________(give} lectures all afternoon. 31 (never be) outside Europe 4 The childron_____________ Gust meet) their new cousin, Dora___________ (run)? Her face is bright red! Geet 6 Its the first time Rob ask) me a favour 7 Where they __(tay) since they arrived in Madrid? 8 You (not give) us enough time to complete the task. B Complete the text with the Present Perfect Simple or the Present Perfect Continuous of these verbs. date end get give hit make meet part Hugh Grant (1) ___ the headlines for decades with stories of his. | ‘a relationships with fellow stars. In the past, he (2) — celebrities Fi such as Liz Hurley and Jemima Khan, The press (3) —————_________ . often —___himthe nickname of the bestloved bachelor Bid in show-biz. However, the actor (4)_____recently 1 «& , ‘the latest lave of his live: his newborn son whom he ()____to know away from the public. Unfortunately, he ©. it clear that his relationship with the baby's mother fa Oe —. Nevertheless, they (8) ‘on good terms and Grant is said to be very supportive of her and their daughter. Use your Gualish 6, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, A For questions 1 he word given. You must use between two and five words, including using the word given. Do not chan: the word given. 11 We have never worked for a multinational company until now. first This 7 ae 2. He boarded the plane at 4 pm and it’s now 8 pm. travelling He __on the plane for four hours. we have worked for a multinational company. 3. Ihave never seen such a beautiful sunset. Thatis the most beautiful sunset 4 I didn’t know what to say when they told me the news. | loss 1 ‘words when they told me the news. 5 This is my first trip to Paris. 1 6 I1met Sue at university. since i to Paris before. ___we were at university. ersonally SpeakingB Read the Exam Reminder. What should you be careful about? [} Completing gapped texts Its a good idea to read the taxt fist to 1° Geiieuenma ties of Then lock carefully at what comes before © Now complete the Exam Task. Exam Task and ser each gop ' For question 110, read the text below and think ofthe word etree cet outta meat sich bet seach gop. Use ony one word in each gop ee eatin What doos your facial xpresion say about you? wihen completo to re sre tall rakes People often say that the eyes are a window to the soul and the face is @ mirror of our emotions. We can often predict how someone wil react (1) ____ certain situations by watching their facial expressions. If someone is (gaa 2a loss for words, for example, their eyebrows will usually move upwards and their mouth may ‘open slightly. Also, fury (3) __another emotion which is hard for someone to hide. Again the eyebrows are important - an angry face will have knitted eyebrows, the mouth will be closed tightly while the nostrils may flare ‘open. At the other end of the spectrum, a broad smile and shining eyes reveal a person's (4) Happiness is an emotion which is easly detected by looking at the face. There are times, however, when people need to hide their emotions. They may be in a situation where it would be uncomfortable (5) inconvenient for other people to know how they are feeling. For example, in 2 class full of students, a teacher may (6) —_ike bursting into tears, but this would usually be inappropriate. He or she may try to cover up this emotion by feking a smile. For this reason, some psychologists believe that the face alone isn’t capable of 7) _~____*_how we truly feel. Instead its only one of sevaral factors that we can base assumptions (6) ______ about how someone is feeling. Recent research has helped psychologists such as Paul Eckman gain even more (9) —____ about how we interpret facial expressions and come to conclusions about other that tone of voice people's emotions. Studies with subjects from different cultures have shown (10) and overall body language also provide us with valuable clues. writing: an informal email / letter Learnir Using the correct tone + Remember to use the language that shows the correct tone. + Try to start your email with a friendly greeting and sign off in an appropriate way. + Don't forget to keep the tone friendly and chatty, * Ithelps to consider staging and sequencing when writing any email + Remember to caver all notes from the ‘email in your reply. g Reminder ap Gh A Read the writing task below and answer the questions. You have received an email from your English-speaking friend, Joy, who has been having some problems with her best friend, Read Joy's email and the notes you have made, Then write an email to Joy, using all your notes. mailbox Fi [FepyAl Ford | Doe From: Joy Summers, Date: 1st August Subject: Help! HiClara, haven't seen you in ages! | saw your sister at Jack's birthday party last weekend. Why didn’t you come too? —» explain It’s a pity, because | had been really looking forward to seeing you and having a good chat. ‘The party was absolutely fab, but unfortunately, | spilt a drink on Kate’s new white dress and she was furious with me, —a Ast for more details She still won't speak to me! Can you believe it! I's really upsetting as we've been best friends since primary schoo! and we've never fallen out before, How can | get her to forgive me? —> Stuyqest By the way, | took masses of photos at the party, Do you want me to send you some? Reply soon, > No, vecause Joy Write your email in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. y ty 1. What should Clara give an explanation for in 3. What suggestion should Clara make? her reply? 4. What will Clara say ‘No’ to? 2 What should Ciara ask more details about? 5 Why do you think she might say ‘No"? cooB. Read the model email and circle exclamation marks, underline abbreviations and highlight friendly ‘expressions in the beginning and when signing off. eons From: Clara Maxwell Date: 2nd August Hi loy, You're right! We haven't seen each other for ages. Sorry I didn’t get to see you at the party, but I was absolutely exhausted that day, The drama club's putting on a play so we've been rehearsing non-stop. | had five hours of rehearsal on the day of Jack's party! What a shame you've fallen out with Kate. What exactly happened? Did you spill the drink by mistake or was it deliberate? If it was an accident, I'm sure she'll forgive you soon. She's probably just really upset about her dress a it was new. You could apologise and explain to her that your friendship means a lot to you. Also, you could save up your pocket money and offer to buy her a new one if it was ruined. Be patient with her she'll come round soon, Don’t bother sending me photos of the party. My sister took loads too and never misses a chance to show them offl Well, hope to catch up with you soon, Clara Read and complete the Exam Task below. Don’t forget to use the Useful Expressions on page 15 of your Student's Book. Exam Task You have received an email from your English-speaking friend, Aidan, whose birthday is next week. Read Aidan’s email and the notes you have made. Then write an email to Aidan, using all your notes, Eeanes Soo el | Psy | Fowar | Oe Hi, ‘What have you been upto lately? I heard you've joined a football team. How's thet €0IN8? a gers jive details | don’t know if you've heard, but it’s my birthday next week and I'm planning to do something special on that d2Y. —s explain how you Found out The thing i, 'm not sure what to arrange. One idea isto have a barbecue in our garden, though itwould mean my dad would have to be there to help us out. Mum suggested inviting a small troup of friends and taking them to the cinema and then maybe for pizza. What do you think? Oh, I nearly forgot. We're going camping this weekend, but I don’t have a sleeping bag, Could | borrow yours? Speak to you soon, > suggest No, because « Aidan Write your email in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. SET. One World? Reading ‘A Read the Exam Reminder. What should you do before reading the article? B_ Now complete the Exam Task. GLOBAL versus LOCAL Globalisation is a fact of modern life. We asked Sour very different people to talk to us about globalisation in their lives. A. Matt Townsend, IT director 1 work for a large multinational corporation, so doing business on a global level and co-operating with colleagues around the world is part and parcel of the job. It’s fascinating how international teams of people can communicate with each other and ‘work together to reach common goals and make bigger profits. It's not always plain sailing, though, as sometimes cultural differences can cause misunderstandings. That's why it’s so important that executives travel regularly to other countries in which we have offices. That way we can get to know each other better and understand how people in different countries think and operate. Personally, Tove travelling and coming into contact with new cultures. Although to be perfectly honest, most of the time we hardly ever venture outside the hotels ‘we're staying in. It's really our local colleagues in each destination that give us a taste of what life is like in their country. B Jan Cooper, MP Over the past century, we have certainly witnessed a boom in globalisation. International trading has become a fact of life, and as consumers we have ‘become more demanding because we now expect to be able to buy the same products as residents of foreign countries. Also, as tourists we expect to find the products we usually buy at home when we travel abroad. However, the current economic crisis, which is crippling Western societies, has meant that we need to protect our own economies. The word on most MPs’ lips these days is ‘localisation’. It seems to make sense that, given the state of local economies, people should consume goods that have been made in their own country. We all have to make a bi effort to buy closer to the source in order to support local producers and manufacturers and not dwelling on cultural boundaries. That way, more jobs will be created in our region and the economy will benefit. Finding similar words and phrases in the text = + Romember to read the matching questions first and underline the key words in each before reading the toxt. + Try to read the article quickly, looking for words and phrases which link to the key words you underiined in the questions + Ithelps if you take one question at atime. C Anne Banks, Founder of Horizons Global School I've always been a keen traveller, so when my daughter was born I began to think of solutions for combining travelling with bringing up a child. So, we set up Horizons. It’s a global school, because students here come from all over the world and each term they study in a different country. We partner with private international schools in each country we operate in. The idea is that students learn about the world by seeing and experiencing the sights, smells and tastes of the countries that make it up. One of the subjects they study is Global Culture. This term, they're in ‘Vienna, so in Global Culture they will concentrate on how the people of Vienna live on @ day-to- day basis. They'll examine the similarities and differences of Vienna in relation to other cities they studied in during previous terms. Students at the school certainly broaden their horizons in ways that wouldn’t be possible if they went to their local school, which in turn will lead to more tolerance. D Ron Carlton, Football player Icome from a long line of football players: my great-grandfather, my grandfather and my dad all played for our local club. That's what you did back ‘then. You supported your local team and, if you were lucky and talented enough, you got to play for your local team. But not nowadays. I started my career at my local football club, but [was soon snapped up by a talent scout for a French team. I was only seventeen when I signed my first contract with them. It was a bit scary at first, being so young, but I soon got used to it and even picked up a bit of French. [also leamt the lyrics to some French songs! Three years later, | found myself in Italy. That ‘was hard to get used to. I found it really difficult to adjust there. Even on the pitch it was hard, The players there have got 2 completely different mentality. only stuck it out for one season. It was a bit of a relief when I signed a contract which ‘brought me back to Wales. I'm thoroughly enjoying being back on native soil and I'm not planning to move in the foreseeable future.You are going to read an article about globalisation. For questions 1 ~ 8, choose from the people (AD). The people may be chosen more than once. Which person " finds it fascinating how international teams manage to communicate? has a suggestion for improving lfe in his/her own country? is someone who prefers his/her own country? talks about an unusual approach to education? loves travelling and wants to offer new cultural experiences to young people? wants a move away from Globalisation? has experienced problems due to cultural differences? is a person who travels on a regular basis? oooo00000 ON onaens Vocabulary A Choose the correct words. 41. Herry works for @ multinational society //company. 4 Jade lives on a houseboat on a canall/ port 2. We can exchange /expand information with foreign The aspects / lifestyles of the rich and famous differ colleagues at the international conference. from those of other people, 3. Mum and Dad want us to move / spread to 6 The Titanic departed'/ traded from Southampton. another country. B Complete the sentences with these words. ‘concept custom influence knowledge phenomenon Fire.jumping is a local_____in some areas of Greece. To the best of my /ou don't need a passport on domestic fights. Have you ever seen a strange natural like the Northern Lights? The _______ of the evil eye is popular in many countries. Cleopatra had a strong______ over her people, ohena C Read the Exam Reminder. What's the most important thing to look at before filling in the gap? Exam D Now complete the Exam Task. Use the words below to help you. Looking at text around a gap = * Before completing a gapped text, crnliseiion atonal Eaio ren sera remember to read the whole text fist. ‘American occurrence professional beliefs ‘+ [e's very important to decide on what type Exam Task af teal ine + Don’t forget to think about what each For questions 1 ~ 8, read the text below and think of a word which Seed etaRce ra ane bee aceon best fits each gap. Use oly one word in each gap. iit carelow te 2 Where East Meets West The (t) pyramids in Giza are shrouded in mystery. Well-known worldwide, the pyramids are a shining example of how the (2) of ancient Egypt was very advanced. These wonderful constructions have made Giza a hotspot for (3) tourism as people flock there from all over the world. However, just ‘across the busy road that separates the archaeological site and the city, tourists are met with @ strange sight: @ popular 6 fast-food restaurant. This has become a commen (5)_____ in many counties of the world, It would seem that © business principles have taken over from local customs. What is more, because these companies make sure their branches are almost identical, mary people feel they are more a ‘and reliable than local companies. This means they are becoming more and more popular throughout the world. As a result, the customs, habits and even the (8) | of the local people are changing and becoming more westernised.Qrammar Past Simple & Past Continuous; Used to & Would A Circle the correct words. 11 We were traveling through India when the monsoon _5_Do you know who Bult /Ws|EUITFg the Taj Mahal? Started Twas staring. 6 We got off the plane, we ware éallectiig/ @allectad 2. My grandfather WOUld//US6d ¥8 love reading about our luggage and we left the airport. different cultures. 7 Claire stajetl/ Was Sting in a hotel at the time of 3. LWas'earching)/ Searched forthe passports, and the earthquake Mary was counting our foreign currency. 8 | Was watching //Used to Watch documentaries about 4 They Would g6'/ were Going snowboarding ancient civilisations when | was young, every winter B Complete the sentences by writing one word in each gap. 1 Where did you__________togocnholiday 5 Every night, the campers —__ light a asa chiid? fire on the beach 2 Marion_______ packing her suitcase 6 Gemma and Fey —________making sushi, when | arrived, and Ryanne was preparing spring rolls. 3 ‘you learn a lot on the safari? 7 the tran traveling at top speed PEPE aCe PP ep eaeagseatyou hath when it was derailed? Germany spicy? 8 They_____not reach the summit in time C Answer the questions about yourself. 1. Where would you play asa child? 4 Where were you living in 2003? 2 What were you doing this time yesterday? 5. What foods did you not use to eat that you eat now? 3. How often did you use to go on holiday as a child? 6 When was the last time you boarded a ship? Listening Exam Predicting content A. Read the Exam Reminder. What do you have to try to predict? * Remember to look at the gaps to try to fee predict what type of word is missing = Seas ‘+ Read the gapped sentences and underline the key words. Remember that they are B Listen and complete the Exam Task. usually just before or just after the gaps. + Tiy tolisten carefully and then write Exam Task your answers, 24°97 You will hear an interview with Laura Modini, a student at + Don't forget to ead the toxt again with Horizons Global School. For questions 1~7, complete the sentences your answers in place to check t makes with a word or short phrase. sense. 1 At present, Laura Modinis studying in 2 Students at Horizons change country and go to a et each term, 3 This is Laura’s studying at the global school 4 Melbourne has got 2 great oe s0 people can get around easily. 5 Laura found it easier to get to know Belfast and Amsterdam because they are both ties 6 Laura says she's to be a tule at Horizons 7 Global Culture helps students to understand local C isi) Listen again and check your answers.Grammar Past Simple vs Present Perfect Simple ‘A. Complete the text with the Past Simplé or the Present Perfect Simple form of these verbs. be do enjoy fly have have spend visit Lily: 'm thinking about going to France in the autumn. (. you ever there? “Tod: Yes! In fact, my sister and | (2) __— back from Paris last week. We (3) ten wonderful days there 1a) EEE hater, —____somuch fun before on holiday. Lily: What (5) you ________ there? Tod: Well, we (6) all the popular tourist sights like the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre and of course, Eurocisney! Lily: Aren't you a bit old for that? Tod: Not at alll I's the frst time my sister and { (7) ——_________ ourselves so much, We (8) —__ {2 go on almost all the rides there. If you go to France, don't miss it. ind and circle the ten mistakes in the text below. hen the group has set out for the mountains that W owes they didrit realise what an ordeal lay ahead of them. They have planned to be back before dusk and asked the inn-keeper to prepare an evening meal for them. “The idea was to walk up to the highest peak and ski down the north face. However, four hours into their hike, snow has started to fall heavily. The closer they got to the peak, the heavier it fll. ‘The group leader, Franz, has seemed worried. “This isthe frst time I climbed in such bad conditions; he has told the others in a worried voice. ‘I didnt ski before in such thick snow. We should turn back’ But just as they have turned back, they realised that the path they have followed up the mountain was now buried under the snow! The other members ofthe group panicked. They would be stuck on the mountain until the snow cleared. To make matters ‘worse, darkness was falling. ‘I was in mote dangerous situations than this? Franz thought to himself. ‘I can get us back safe and sound” Just then the sound of an engine could be heard in the distance. It was a rescue helicopter. Luckily, the inn-keeper, who sensed the group was in danger when they didn’t return in time, had sent for help.Use your Guglish the Exam Task Exam Task For questions 1 — 10, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form word || that fits the gap in the same line, | The challenges of the mountains | IF you have ever visited mountains like the Himalayas in Tibet or the (1) Alps,you SWITZERLAND will no doubt have experienced a range of emotions from sheer (2)._to curiosity, AMAZE | ebout what these breathtaking natural features have witnessed throughout the ages | People from all walks of lfe and from different (3)________have been visiting these places _CIVILISE for centuries. (4) —_ _groups of mountaineers frem many countries have attempted to NATION conquer the most dificult peaks in these mountain canges. They start off full of (8) EAGER to discover the secrets of the mountains. They also have the (6) that they willbe CONFIDE However, the truth is that even OCCUR A Read and complet able to reach the peek without any unfortunate (7) the most (8). climbers experience moments where they think that nothing will go PROFESSION according to plan This can cause great (9) — and rather than feeling ecstatic about being in such ANXIOUS foslings of (10)______and defeat can creep up on them. Lonely wonderful suroundings, B For questions 1 - 12, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only ‘one word in each gap. Safety and the city What are the factors that help us decide whether a city (1) certainly should have all the modern amenities like schools, hos expect to find in a large urban centre. But if you (2) ever lived in a big city, you'll know that ‘one of the mast important factors is safety. Research into safety and fear incites focuses (3) factors such as how frequently accidents (4) placo as well as how high the crime rate isin order | to rank them on the safe or dangerous scale. But even people who have (5) been the victims | of crime still have feelings of fear in the most ‘dangerous’ cities. If you find yourself (6) —a panic every time you're alone at a bus stop or when you (7)_________walking down an empty city street at night, then maybe you need to move (8) ‘a safer city. In fact, people who (9)_______tolive in fear in their hometowns have often experienced great lifestyle changes simply by moving to a safer city. There's no point living in a Busting city ifyou fear for your life when you step outside, te no surprise that Luxembourg, or Geneva and Zurich in Switzerland rate among (10) sefest citiesin | Europe. But given that many people associate Ireland with civil unrest, itis encouraging to hear that Dublin a good place to live or not? It | ital, banks and entercinment facities that you'd | (1) also been named one of Europe's safest cities for visitors and locals. This is because the prom lish are thought to be among the least likely Europeans to get involved in violent crimes. So, if you are — about moving city, give serious consideration to Dublin. (12)Writing: an opimon essay A Read the writing task below and write T (true) or F (false). Organising your essay ‘+ When writing an essay, don't forget to organise your ideas into peracraphs and to start each paragraph with @ topic sentence. Your topic sentence should be clear and summarise the main idea of the paragraph so that the reader knows what the paragraph will be about. + Start your essay with a good introduction, using expressions like In my view ... or To my mind + Don't forget to summarise your essay in the conclusion, using expressions like To sum up... In conclusion .. | You have seen this announcement in an international magazine for young people. ‘What benefits does your country have to offer visitors? We will publish the most interesting articles next month. White your article in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. You have to write an essay. You should write in a formal style. Your essay should have a tile. You should compare your country to other countries You should discuss why your country is the best place in the world to visi. 6 You should only write about the advantages of visiting your country 7 You should write at least 190 words. 8 Your essay should be organised into paragraphs. O00 0 ooo B_ Read the model essay and complete it with the topic sentences below. But what if you're a culture vulture? Whether you want to chill out or get taste of the local culture, Spain has it all. So, you like nothing better than to soak up the sun on holiday. What do you look for when travelling abroad: sunny beaches or historical sites in bustling cities? ance ‘Spain: a destination for all tastes (1)____Without e doubt, Spain is a destination that caters for a variety of tastes. 2 Whet are the top Spanish resorts? Try the Costa de! Sol or an exotic island like Mallorca. The beautiful sunny beaches, golden sands and crystal clear waters won't fail to please. If you also crave clubbing, the nightlife there is unbeatable, @ Spain boasts many exceptional historical sites like the Sagrada Familia church end other amazing buildings by Gaudi in Barcelona, Spain’s most exciting city. if art is more your cup of tea, don’t miss the Prado Museum in Madrid. Why not end {a day of culture in one of Madrid's many tapas bars sampling local dolicacies? ‘That's why it will remain a popular tourist destination for decades to come. a) | C Read and complete the Exam Task below. Don’t forget to use | the Useful Exprossions on page 27 of your Student's Book. Exam Task You have seen this announcement in an international magazine for young people. In what ways does travel broaden your horizons? We will publish the most interesting articles next month, | \Write your essay in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. SEE Writing RaferaVocabulary A Choose the correct answers. 1 | was in after fling down a fight of stairs a shame © agony b misery dd ansietya 2 You'd better not play aon Mr Higgins! He's got no sense of humour a joke © reputation b role d joy 3. [think that multinational —_ have too much power. a customs © societies b corporations d_ cultures 4. Put the light on! I'm of the dark! a terrified © disgusted b frightful terrible 5 How can you possibly concentrate __ your homework with the TV on? ato « in b for don 6 When times are tough, people to other countries, a trade © depart b migrate spread 7. Who was — for building the Egyptian pyramids? a responsible ¢ uncontrollable b astonished — danxious 8 My gap year was an amazing a concept experience b effect d_ phenomenon 9 Are storms a common in your country? @ occurrence influence b aspect event 10. We business all over the world. a make « do b build provide 11. Economies is dificult. I's all__to me! a. French © Greek b Chinese d Swedish 12 Jan has saved so much —_ since she sold her car, a space © business b money roadway 13. What's the matter? Don't _. a cheeritup bottle it up b focusonit — d_calmitdown 14 There's no explanation for his behaviour. a special © severe d irrational b optimistic: 15 16 7 18 19 20 a 22 23 24 25 26 2 28 Units 1&2 | was out of my with worry when he was late, a seat © skin b curiosity mind | don’t believe it. t's ust Chinese a tea © pandas b whispers chiefs | always buy from __ producers to support the ‘economy in my area, a local © universal b international d_global ‘The two business partners are no longer on terms. 2 specific © good b strict d_ desperate We're doing a survey on international trading, a based © interested b responded —dconnected ‘To my _, |won a holiday to Sweden! @ annoyance amazement b eagemess disgust ‘The audience __ into applause at the end. a snapped © burst b banged d_ popped Calm down! There's no need to out aocun © crash b freak flash Why don't you come with us to the park? a under © for b along round Did you fall _ with your best friend again? a over € out b for d in We were on the of our seats all through the film. a edge © comer b side d top twill — you good to go on holiday. a do © give b make d be You shouldn't up your feelings. 2 box © pack b carton d bottle It took him years to get the loss of his mother. © of don a out b overGrammar B Choose the correct answers. 1 10 " 12 13 14 Rory to Spain since 1990. a isn't © hasn't been b wasn't d_ wasn't being Lisa to get very anxious at exam time a use © hasused bused would Why do you your new teacher so much? a disliked © dislike b disliking to dislike She —_ that book on world geography for weeks. a reads € hasread bb isreading has been reading | haven't booked my fights. a yet © already b stil just The plane landed, texied along the runway and then to a standstill a has come © was coming b came did come | always sad at the end of term. a feel © was feeling b am feeling have felt Why — earlier? a Tomwascying «was Tom erying bb has Tom eried has Tom been crying My boss a meeting in Strasbourg at the moment. a is attending ¢ has attended b attends d_ has been attending ‘We haven't been __ goods to Europe for long. a export © exported b exporting exports Mum —— shopping in London every summer. a used to © would go b have gone dare going What time arrive? a has Mike's train ¢ Mike's train b was Mike'strain does Mike's train In Amsterdam, | _ a bike wherever | want to go. a ride © have ridden b amriding d rode Does Hugh reading about ancient civilisations? a enjoys © enjoyed b enjoying enjoy 15 They out of the safari at the last minute. a were chickening € chickened b have been chickeningd_ chicken 16 We to Malta next week. a are going © going b 99 d_ have gone 17, How many times —_ this film? a have you seen « doyousee b did yousee d_ have you been seeing 18 This is the worst CD |_! @ everhear © have ever heard b ever hearing have ever been hearing 19. While Dan was sleeping, Ann __a magazine. a read © reads b_ was reading hes read 20 |__-my passport at the airport last week. a lose © have lost b lost d did lose 21, Did we go to the same nursery school? 2 would © useto b used to using to 22. Those jeans too much money! a are costing © iscosting b costs d cost 23. ‘Where's your cousin?’ ‘She in Australia at the moment. a studies © study b is studying disstudy 24 |__ your ridiculous story a don't believe € ‘mnot believing b notbelieve don’t believing 25 Who's been my cheese? 2 ate © eating b eaten deat 26 They —living inthe big city. a were loving © loved b aro loving d tolove 27. ‘tm exhausted’ you been working al afternoon?! 2 Are © Did b Do d Hove 28 We — swimming for ages. a didn't be haven't b weren't 4 haven't been URL= AW mL Olalit a Kea| Reading A Read the Exam Reminder. What should you i do first? B_ Now complete the Exam Task. The life of Joyce Caro! Vincent: | A tragic tale of popularity to obscurity to fame Scriptwriter and director Carol Morley's latest flm Dreams of Life,a nominee for the Grierson Award for best documentary at the ‘London Film Festival, tellsa difficult tale. [1] |Asa resultof the film, the attractive Witney Houston lookalike is sure to achieve celebrity status ifnot to become a legend, (0m 25 January 2006, council officials artived ata dingy one-roomed flat in Wood Green, London..2| __|On entering the fat, they were met with a disturbing sight: decomposed skeleton was lying on the couch with the television still on, Forensic tests showed that the skeleton vias of a woman in her late thirties who had died almost three years earlier; dental records and an old holiday photo helped to identify the woman as Joyce Carol Vincent. The cause of her death, however, still remains a mystery On hearing the story ofthe unfortunate woman, director Carol Moriey was intrigued to find out more about { _ whoshe was, She was fascinated by how someone could die in this way and for nobody to notice she was missing. 3 During her investigation, she managed to track down several of Joyce's former friends, colleagues and boyfriends. They all | tected with lisbeie on hearing about Joya fat. They al described her asa very popular, cutgoing person who had always been surrounded by other people. A few years before hher death, she had been climbing up the careerladderin her high-paying job at @ reputable accounting firm.(4[__] Neither could they imagine thatthe fun-loving Joyce they once knew had been so alone during her lat days that her absence hadn't been noticed by anyone. The more Morley found out about Joyce, the more she was _ convinced that she had to make a film about her lfe. 5) Inthe 1980s, she was friends with a musician called Kirk Thorne ‘who used to record punk sensation Captain Sensible in his {| Choosing the right sentences CST sExamilsicias + Remember to firstly read the complete text to get a general understanding + Then read the text e second time to identify the main | points of each paragraph + Ithelps to underine the important words or phrases in the missing sentences. + Last of all, compare the main points in eech paragraph with the missing sentences to complete the toxt. recording studio. in this same studio, he had also recorded. Joyce who dreamt of becoming a singer one day. In her youth, Joyce had also dated a baronet, an MP and Alistair ‘Abrahams, the former tour manager of a famous soul singer. “Together, they even shook hands with Nelson Mandela at {a concert given in his honour, and Joyce appears on the broadcasted version of the concert watched by millions in 60 countries. Clearly, she had been a woman with good connections, ‘Morley’s documentary plays tribute to this extraordinary woman and her tragic story./6]___]The film brings hone to us how being indifferent to those around us - friends, relatives, neighbours or just passers-by ~ can lead to ‘exceptionally sad circumstances. Having said that, Merley's point is not to depress her audience, but to set alarm bells ringing. Now, more than ever, we need to nurture ) our relationships; we need to re-establish the concept of community spirit and keep Joyce's memory alive.ab ee eae Exam Task Six sentences have been removed from the text. Choose from the sentences A~G the one which fits each gap (1 ~ 6). “There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. A tis also a wake-up call for those who watch it E It seemed that Joyce hadn't only been popular with the friends Morley had managed to find, but also with B_ None of her former colleagues could understand how she ended up living in such poor conditions several celebrities | © The tenant hadn't paid any rent for three years, so F It focuses on the life and death of Joyce Carol Vincent. the local council had decided to evict her and take This curiosity was the spark that initiated a long possession of the property again. investigation by Morley into Jayce's life D_ But Morley wasn’t the only one interested in making Joyce's life into a film. Vocabulary A The words in bold are in the wrong sentences. Write each word next to the correct sentence. 1. There's a gossip going round that the singer is pregnant! 2. Who is your favourite TV character? ae 3 love reading celebrity shame on the Internet. 4 Sia's biggest account is coming second in a talent contest 5. What a disgrace you can't come to the film premiere! & Do you have a Twitter or Facebook personality? 7 Mickey Mouse is still a popular cartoon accomplishment. 8 It's an absolute rumour that celebrities are paid huge sums of money just to appear in public isiaiis B Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words. 1 Toour____ the charity ball was cancelled, ASTONISH 2. The Prince's press said he was much better after his illness. REPRESENT 3 Would you like to be rich and famous and have lots of__________? SERVE 4 The young musician is an tous all INSPIRE 5. The film was shot on _ in Miami. LOCATE & Stars can’t expect to have fame and ! PRIVATE 7 The royal wedding received a lot of —______. PUBLIC 8 Stella McCartney makes designer clothes. STYLE C Complete the text with these words. break figure influential money notorious qualified reputation scandal When Doctor Conrad Murray let the University of Arizona as (1) } corsologs ile did he know whet ayn store for him careers. After years ofbulding up 22) asa doctor with a heart, ashe often sreated patients without health | insurance free of charge, Murray gota lucky (3) He mas offered ajob that ‘would meke most doctors green with envy ~ as Michael Jackson's fulltime personal doctor. f The pop st who wae) _“forhisheath problems and who was made of | ‘even paid him an astounding $150,000 per month forthe postion! © On July 29% 2010, the day that the star died in his home, Murray had been on duty. Although he was freed of any blame forthe star's death at first, Jackson's (6), family Se Pircoects lad ioral ihe ea: deine oar Mary obama at the centre ofthe (7) __ _—and for him to be put on‘tial for manslaughter. =| Hovrever, during the tral he became a popular (8) with the media and ' gained celebrity status himself with fans all over the world pledging their support for him. He was, however, found guilty of manslaughter, cnaD Quality 3Qrammar Past Perfect Simple & Past Perfect Continuous A Find and correct the mistakes in the sentences. | 1. They had stayed at their beach house when the fre broke out. How many films had he been starring in before making his latest one? She had watched the news when the kids came home. ‘The agent had been representing hundreds of singers in her career. oe He had never been visiting Hollywood until last spring, The star had walked along the red carpet when she tripped and fell. cunun B_ Complete the sentences with the Past Perfect Simple or the Past Perfect Continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 1. Princess Diana _____{stay) in Paris when she died. 2 Lady Gaga_________ ot) ready for the show when her heel snapped, 3. Boy George ______ {not be) in prison before, 4 The actor ___ (never play) such a difficult role. s the journalist _ {nose about] for information when he was thrown out of the hotel? I (not ask) for an autograph, but the footballer gave me one anyway. Complete the text by writing one word in each gap. At the end of October 2011, celebrity Kim Kardashian made an important announcement. She (1) just filed for divorce from her husband, Kris Humphries. The couple, who had (2) _____ dating for only six months when Humphries popped the question, (3)____" tied the knot only 72 days earlier. Gossip columnists (4) —_____ among the frst to realise that all (5) not well in the Kardashian Humphries house, Rumours started flying when Kim, who had (6) — taken her vows ‘till death do them part’, started attending social engagements on her own. ‘Had their relationship (7) — ended?’ was the big question on everybodys lips. The answer didn’t take long in coming. Yes, it (8) 1 Listening ‘A. Read the Exam Reminder. What should you do the first time you listen? Exam Identifying synonyms ‘+ Remember to think of other ways of saying the B Listen and complete the Exam Task. key words in the statements. * Don't forget to try to summarise the main point Exam Task teach speaker makes when you listen the fist You will hear five people talking about their favourite time, and take notes. celebrities. For questions 1-5, chooso from the lst A— H + Then compare your notes with the statements to what each person says about them. Use the letters only once. find the best match. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use. 1 speaker [] A He's not afraid to take risks E He's the highest paid celebrity on Earth 2 Speeker2 [] B lamtotally obsessed with this celebrity, -F_Athough he's nota comedian, he realy 3 Speaker3 [] © ladmire him for things he does other than makes me laugh. 4 Speakers C]__ hispaid work & She was so funny when | met het 5 Speakers [-) © His mostrecent work cd's Iva up to his -H_ actualy used o know her at school usual standards, C317 Listen again and check your answers.Grammar Past Simple vs Past Perfect (Simple & Continuous) ‘A Complete the sentences with the Past Simple or the Past Perfect Simple or Continuous form of these verbs. act be change end go have join neverbelong offer play walk write 1 We the time of our lives when Matt Dillon into the club. peat Bruce Willis _ for long when they Z him a role in Moonlighting? 3 U2 for over two hours when the concert 4 She +o any other band when she the Bangles. 5 Before he on stage, he a new song. & Somebody the guest lst and my name no longer on it. in bold. Use between two and five words, 1. Itwas the frst time | had met a celebrity a celebrity before, 2. Before giving me her autograph, she shook my hand. once She gave me her autograph —_ my hand, 3. Seeing her favourite star in the flesh made hor ecstatic. because She was ecstatic her favourite star in the flesh. Use your Guglish A Read the Exam Reminder and complete the Exam Task. Exam Task For questions 1 - 12, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. Robert Burns Robert Burns, Scotland's greatest post, was born in 1759, a ‘an early age he had to help his father on his farm, 2s (2)____ as attend schoo! lessons, When he was 22, he moved to Irvine, where he began to learn about making cloth. Shortly after (3) Complete the second sentences so that they have a similar meaning to the first sentences using the words 4 In 2005, Cary played his first international match, had Cary {an international match before 2005. 5 Atthe time of her death, Amy Winehouse was. twenty-seven years old. she When ‘Amy Winehouse was ‘twenty-seven, 6 Alter a two-year world tour, the band needed @ break. touring The band —__ ‘two years, so they needed a break Exam Completing missing wordsin a text + Remember to read the whole text fst to get a general understanding of t before completing the missing words. Finally, don't forget to read the whole text again, checking that the words you have ‘written work well in the spaces. ___ arrival, the factory in which he was training was destroyed by Fre, so he started a farm with his younger brother Gilbert. While he was living on the farm, ho concentrated (4) Armour, Robert wanted to marty her, but her father (6) surprise, and since he could not (8) __used to the idea of country (9) very little money, Robert had to obtain the was about to leave, he (10) advised to publish some of large sum of money for the poetry and was then (12) writing poems and foll (5) _ a local gi, Jean not allow him to do so. This took Robert (7) ‘being unable to marry her, he decided to leave the fare forthe voyage by selling some poems. Just as he ‘the poems he (11) written. He received to get married to Jean.B For questions 1-10, read the text below and decide which answer (a, b, ¢ or d) best fits each gap. Anew breed of superstar |] Nowedeys, mary people become household names through professions that were once thought of as simply respectable, rather than glamorous, Take lawyers, for example. Getting a job with a top law (1) _ may not only ensure | financial security due to the astronomical (2) lawyers can command, but it may also bring the same superstar (3) as that of a Hollywood actor. There are very few Americans who do not (4) — the name of the independent public prosecutor, Kenneth Starr. But a person must be (5) out to be a lawyer in order to be successful. Firstly, 8 persuasive character is essential to getting every member of the jury to (6) in with your line of argument. Secondly, the (7) to judge character is vital, since a witness's (8) __ to a question may be more significant than the answer given. (9), leadership qualities are fundamental. Top lawyers do not have the time to (10) all the research | necessary ina case by themsolves. As a result, they have to set en exemple for those under their command, sothat | they can count on the team to work conscientiously. | 1a compery firm € industry d_ business 2 a tips b fares rewards d fees | 3 a level b fame € status d stance | 4 b remind © memorise retain | 5 = boat © stood d made | ie oot d ‘al | 7 a certainty € will d ability, | 8 a look © action response 9 a Eventually © Ultimately d_ Conclusively 0a take b do make d carry C For questions 1 - 8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1. She may have been rich and famous, but she didn’t think she was better than others, down j She ___others even though she was rich and famous 2 I started living in Paris in 2003, but Mark didn’t move here until 2008, | for |___five years in Paris when Merk moved here. 3. Why don’t we go to see a film later? shall | oe to see a film later? 4 Ito annoying how he talks about the famous people he knows all the time | Iwish he __all the time. ! 5. The singer suddenly fired her agent without any explanation. { out | She fired her agent 6 2013 will be my tenth year in show business. | have |___in show business for ten years by 2013. 7 When we got to the stadium, the concert was fnished. by i The concert the time we got to the stadium. 8 The actors from the film hated each other and fought alot. tension There was __ on the film set.ECeldaliate|imeaameromn yy, 9 about the details + Remember to keep your storyline timple and to include details about ‘the place, the time, the characters and the ection + ts important for the reader to be able to follow the sequence of events, so use narrative tansos and time phroses + Try to-use a varity of siructures to make your story more vivid. For example, using erect speech brings your story alive * Always be careful with punctuation and peling, Writing: a story(\) A Read the writing task below and answer the questions. You have decided to enter an international short story competition. The competition rules sey that the story must begin with the words: It was a dream come true for Celi Write your story in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 1. Do you have to begin or end your story with the words given? 2. Who will the main character be? 3 Will the story focus on something positive or negative? 4 Will the story take place in the past, present or future? B_ Read the model story and circle the correct words. It was a dream come true for Celia. The big day (1) was arriving / had arrived at last. She couldn't believe she ‘was finally going to see her favourite rock star, Ricky Rotten in the flesh She was (2) eé3tatié / glad as she walked to the concert hall, while listening to her favourite Ricky tracks on her MP3. Out of the (3) blue / warning, someone violently pushed past her and yanked her bag from her shoulder. Celia panicked. Her ticket ‘was in that bag. She wouldhn’t be able to get into the concert afterall! Heartbroken, Celia (4) slumped went down on the step of a nearby shop and began to sob (5) sadly / uncontrollably, Just then a limousine drove up beside her. Sowly, the window rolled down and a familiar face (6) was appearing / appeared. ‘Wry all the tears? (7) said / asked the man in the passenger's seat. Celia looked up in disbelief it was Ricky Rotten! Alter she explained the whole story, Ricky suggested going to the concert and the backstage party together. Celia pinched herself to see if she was dreaming. Entering the concert hall, she felt like she (8) had floated / was floating Read and complete the Exam Task below. Don’t forget to use the Useful Expressions on page 41 of your Student's Book. Exam Task | You have decided to enter an international short story competition. ‘The competition rules say that the story must begin with the words: Darren was sure it would be a night to remember. Write your story in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. | See Waiting SaReading A Read the Exam Reminder. What should you do to get the main ideas? B_ Now complete the Exam Task. Sherford: A green city of the future Ranked amongst the top five green cities of the future, Sherford in England has got to be one of the ‘most exciting urban projects of the 21% century. With construction due to commence in 2014, the thinking behind the new town isto provide a solution to urban sprawl slur areas and the ecological problems that come with them. In other words, it will bea shining example of sustainable urbanism. The proposed location for the new town is in one of the ‘greenest parts of the English countryside: Devon. Although it will be a modern town with all the necessary faclities for modern-day living, the town will have a traditional feel to it. Local architectural designs willbe used to make sure the town has a distinctive Devon character. Developers, Red Tree, claim that their aim is for Sherford to take ‘the best from the past and move it forward. They have a vision of a town where social, economic and environmental sustainability will prosper, But just how will they achieve this? Sustainable towns and cities must meet the strictest criteria. In order to be socially sustainable, they must be organised into self contained neighbourhoods which combine living, working and shopping. Sherford, which will be organised into four neighbourhoods, wil take this one step further. All its communities willbe accessible to people from all income bracket and all ethnic groups. A wide range of homes will be available for rent or purchase, with the cheaper homes being built alongside the most expensive ones to avoid any discrimination that may arise. However, it wor’t be obvious just by looking at the homes which ones are the most affordable ones. By avoiding creating rich neighbourhoods and poor neighbourhoods, it is hoped that residents will feel a greater sense of equality In terms of economic sustainability, eco towns must be able to support the livelihoods of the local residents. For the first time in a century, a British town will be Built along a high street with a lively market. As a market town, Sherford promises to be a bustling commercial centre with shops, local businesses and services. This will ensure that people who live locally, can work and earn their living locally, As @ result, the town will be financially sustainable. Information * Remember to underline key words in the questions first. * Try to skim read the text to get the main ideas. ‘© Scan the text to find spacific information in the text which matches the key words in the questions. 4 3) i Le in ‘Most importantly ofall, however, Sherford— like all eco towns — will be environmentally sustainable. Green cities must reduce or eliminate the use of fos fuels, adopt sustainable building practices, create green spaces and ensure good air quality. It is hoped that this attractive town will discourage people from writing graffiti on the buildings and so not allowing the gritty side of a town to emerge. It will also be a safe place for people to live, One of the developers commented, ‘No one will get mugged in Sherford’ Sherford will be ‘a walkable city. Local schools, shops, parks and other facilities will be within walking distances of housing. ‘There will also be an energy-efficient transport system that residents will be encouraged to use to travel within the town and cars will be banned from parts of the town centre. But one of the biggest bonuses for all future residents is that they will be provided with their own free bicycle so that they will have another alternative to private cars for getting from A to 8. Furthermore, 50% of the town’s energy will be supplied using clean, renewable sources such as solar and wind power. 170 acres of woodland and 500 acres of parkland will also help to improve the quality of air In the town and surrounding area, They will also create recreational areas for residents and be home to local species of plants and animals. Dissvherican you move in? gous accoraing to plan, building will begin on Sherford in 2024. During the first phase, 2,750 homes will be constructed within five years. The completed project, which will include 5,500 homes divided between the four neighbourhoods and the town centre, will ake between 12-15 years to complete. For the majority of the locals, it wll have been a long time in coming, but well worth waiting for, |You are going to read an article about @ new town. For questions 1 - 10, choose the paragraphs (A ~ D). The paragraohs may be chosen more than once. Which paragraph says 1. the proposed location for the new town is Devon? o | 2. building will begin in 20747 o | 3 cheaper homes will be built alongside more expensive ones? oO | 4 local architectural designs will be used to keep the Devon character? [] | 5: facilities in the town will be within walking distance of housing? o 6 future residents will be provided with their own free bicycle? o 7 50% of the town’s energy will be supplied by renewable sources? 8 Sherford will be organised into four neighbourhoods? Oo 9 it will take 12-15 years to complete? a 10 people will live locally and can work and earn their living locally? a Vocabulary “A Complete the words in the sentences. 1 Slow down a bit; you're approaching as ____ 4 Some people love cities, but | think they're. beet eceeeeene 2 prefer to live in the inner city than on the 5 The two politicians ved together asf. oe when they were a university 3 Thel_ has kindly agreed to reduce 6 Keightsbridge is one ofthe most exporsive ‘our rent. d_ __ in Londen. B Choose the correct answers. 1 Ournew — pays us £400 a month ent 5 Jan wants to get out of her — city and head for a inhabitant b tenant ¢ resident the countryside. a resident b industrial factory 2. You can't drive here; i's a(n) a avenue —b zebracrossing ¢ pedestrian area 6 Let's have a__ on the town; it's been ages since we e had funt 3 What does that say a night b walk © talk a streetsign b speedcemera ¢ town hall 7 rh chthe biggest problemen _— pollution is one of the biggest problems in large 4. Many shops have had to close in the city’s main “ities, ie a Noise -b Surrounding Seasonal a trafic -boutskirts © commercial 8 Five ___were arrested yesterday for illegal occupation of a villa a flatmates b landlords squatters C Complete the text by writing one word in each gap. Jump on the Bandra wagon! IFyou're anxious to get (1]______ fora while, and want to semple @ bit of Asian promise, head for Banda, For many, it’s the hippest suburb in India's most populous city, Mumbai, and offers vsitors and locals an exciting mix of old and new. Portuguese architecture blends well with the spacious, trendy residences that many Bollywood stars have moved (2)______ in recent years. in comparison to most locals, these stars, @__ luxurious lives and can often be seen hanging (4) in the suburb’s ‘many up-market restaurants and bars. If you want to (5) the town red alongside these local celebrities, book a table at Hakkasan restaurant, for a night to remember. There are also many less expensive restaurants if your wallet can't handle the prices paid by the stars. Bandra is erammed with good, cheap restaurants that cater for people from all (6) of life. You can even sample chaat and pani puri, indian delicacies sold by the many roadside street vendors, From Mumbai, you can get to Bandra easily by train -be ‘warmed, though, trains tend to be overcrowded. If you value personal (7), however, opt for a ‘taxi and marve! at the view of Mumbai's skyline during the ride,Grammar Future Forms A Find and correct the mistakes in the sentences. 1 Shall we be going into town for pizza tonight? By this time tomorrow, Sharon will leave Pars 2 pee 3. | promise | will be coming to visit you more often when you move to your new house 4. The company has just decided they willbe creating a roof garder 5 6 Call me as soon as you will arrive in Sydney. In aweek’s time, residents will use the new road. B Complete the sentences with the correct future form of 1. Building work on the new skyscraper 2. Jack promises he the verbs in brackets. (finish) by this time next month. {pot run for election at the town council again, go give} youra lift to the train station in the morning? 4 Watch out! You {crash into) that street sign! 5 'vemade up my mind. | _ (paint) the town red tonight. 6 This time next year, we (ive) in Boringwille for 15 years. 7 Do experts think that life in big cities (improve) in the future? 8 you (help) me take care of the roof garden? Listening A. Read the Exam Reminder. What must you always do? B_ 4007 Liston and complete the Exam Task. Exam Task You will hear @ radio interview about nicknames given to cities. For questions 1 ~ 6, choose the best answer (a,b or ©. 1. What does Vanessa not like doing on holiday? 4 a mixing with other celebrities b visting local places of interest € going to the beach 2 Why does Vanessa travel by public transport in 5 foreign cities? a She can't afford a limousine. bb Its the easiost way to get about 80 that she can get to know the city and its people better 3. Vanessa's book is about a cities in the USA. ‘ bb cities which have nicknames. € Los Angeles and New York only. Exam Preparing to listen = Remember to read all the questions first land make sure you understand them. * Make notes while you listen and if you get ‘stuck on a question, don't waste time, move ‘onto the next one. ‘+ When you get to the end, don't forget to go back and complete any missing answers. ‘+ Remember you must always answer every question. Where did Vanessa get the idea for her book? 2 from her diary of the cities she has been to from another guide book € froma trip she made to Paris ‘What does Vanessa say Paris and Edinburgh have in They have the same nickname. They have impressive historic buildings on hills in the city centres. © They were both significant places for scholars in the post What makes San Francisco special for Vanessa? a the Golden Gate Bridge bits large population € its atmosphere& Grammar Countable & Uncountable Nouns A Underline the countable nouns and circle the uncountable nouns in the sentences. 1. We've got too much furniture so we're selling this 5. He wasn't given the job as he didn’t have relevant toble. ‘experience. 2 They sell fantastic jewellery, but | only bought a 6 Putall the broken glass in the bin, please. brooch, 7 Would you like milk on your cereal? 3 Yuck! This chair is covered in hair! 8 usually love chocolate, but these caramel-flled 4. The firefighter wamed the school children not to play chocolates are disgusting! with fre, B Circle the correct words. / 1. Many/’Much residents feel the council must provide 7 Would you like a bar/slice of cheese in your | sandwich? 8 How many travels trips have you been on this year? 9 I5/Are physics a difficult subject? 10 Local politics was / were not something | wanted to get involved in. better amenities. There are a [ots of / ot of criminals in big cities, Would you like some / any coffee? There is ne / any room to build new houses here. Lots of /No people profer urban to rural areas. Is there much paper / papers in the printer? | Use your tuglish A For questions 1 - 10, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. easun The City that Never Sleeps With a population of over & milion spread over 790 kem?, New York City has (1) ___ residents per square Kilometre than any other city in the US. The five boroughs that meke up the city, Menhettan, Queans, The Bronx, Brooklyn and Staten Island joined to become one city (2)__________ 1898. But New York (3) not always the name given to this part ofthe US. The fist people to settle these lands were Dutch colonists. n 1624, they set up a trading post here and gave it the name New Amsterdam. The name changed, however, in 1664 (4) the. | English king took control of the lands and gave them to his brother the Duke of York as a gift. This led (3) its name being changed in honour ofthe Duke. The name New York hes been used ever (The Statue of Liberty, (7)___is one of the many symbols ofthe city, arrived | towards the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. But long before the Stetue of Liberty arrived, the city | (8) enjoyed a long history. Today the city is the biggest city in the US, butt also (9) to be the capital. For five short years from 1785-1790, New Yorkers (10) ________ inhabitants of the country’s centre of administration. Nowadays, itis a popular tourist destination and every year thousands of people from all over the world lock to the City that Never Sleeps to visit famous places like Times Squere, Broadway theatres and Central Park. Whatever they come here to see, they aren't disappointed, One thing is for sure, New York will continue to be a major attraction for many years to come. er iviney MegB Read the Exam Reminder. What is the last step you should remember to do for each question? C. Now complete the Exam Task. Choosing the correct word Exam Task «Wire multiple-choice tex, remember to ead For questions 1 ~ 10, read the text below and decide the whole text first to get 2 general understanding which answer (a, b, ¢ or d) best fits the gap. of it. " * The se id step is to read each sentenc irefully Smartcards - a sustainable solution to and identify the type of word that ls missing, urban mobility * Try to find a word that fits from the options. City-dwellers are constantly on the move. Whether they Be careful with words that look similar. are going for a (1) _ on the town, getting to work, * Once you have made your choice, don't forget to or taking the kids to school, (2) of large cities never read the sentence again with your answer in mind, seem to stop. As they (3) —_ such busy lives, creating sustainable transport systems is becoming more and more important. Use of private cars may seem like the ideal way to get from A to B, but cities soon become congested as a result. In the long run, the more cars on the road, the longer it takes to get from one (8) to another In order to promote mobility and to reduce (5) pollution in cities, an effective transport grid must be in place. Buses, trams and trains are the most common way of travelling in cities, but it can get really ‘rustrating when passengers need to use more of these means in the course of ona (6) —. Citizens of many European cities have been (7) with the Smartcard ticketing system which has been introduced to deal with this problem. In London, for example, the Oyster card is now used on 80% ofall journeys on public transport. (@) 2 doubt itis much more popular than old-fashioned paper tickets. All the user has to do is keep the card topped up and all the stress and (9) of queuing up for tickets for each leg of their journey is gone. The success of the card has (10) __ the expectations of passengers and transport providers with 34 milion ‘Oyster cards having been sold between 2003 and 2010. Its certain to catch on in other major cities worldwide in response to the increasing need to transform concrete jungles inta liveable urban centres. 1 a talk B night © bresk 4 fe 2 a lodgers b flatmates ye residents d_ squatters lead b settle © move ds deal aa. aly be space QB locstion decor 5 a sound bb chatter © sane «== SPacize 6 2 voyage By journey € excursion d_ expedition 7 a encouraged b sponsored «marked 1) impressed 8 Without = Under © In d. Behind 9 a shock i tension ener victory 10 ja livedupto b startedout —¢ cateredto © d_ come in forLearning Reminder Engaging your reader + Remembar to use diract and indirect questions in order to engage the reader and encourage them to think about their own opinion concerring the topic of the article * Don’t forget to use a variety of structures such as the passive voice, conditional sentences, comparisons, ‘tc. to show that you have a renge of language. + Finally once you have fished your article, check your spelling, punctuation and grammar Iriting: an article ‘Read the writing task below and tick the things you have to do. You have seen this announcement in an international magazine for young people. t ‘What wil life be like in big cities in the twenty-second century? How can we stop them from becoming concrete jungles? We will publish the most interesting articles next month \Weite your article in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. include a title write about present-day cities concentrate on cities of the future discuss why people should live in cities in the next century make some suggestions about how cities of the future might be built write in a formal style 7 use a variety of structures 0000 OO B Read the example article and answer the questions. ‘Twenty-second century city life More and more people are attracted by the bright city lights and life inthe fast lane. But what will ities be lige in the next century? Also, how can we prevent them turning into impersonal conerete jungles? ‘The population of big cities worldwide is predicted to increase dramatically over the next century. Have you over wondered how this will affect urban life? For a start, more housing will bbe needed and amenities like schools and hospitals will have to cater for larger populations, ‘As you can imagine, the biggest challenge will be to make our ctias liveable. Building suitable housing in the suburbs and providing quick and efficient transport systems into cities is one way to ensure inner cities don’t become too crowded. Also, green roofs should be made compulsory on all city centre buildings. Just think of the benefits to the environment if concrete buildings become living, breathing constructions! Twwenty-second century cities are sure to be busy places. Let's hope they become bustling urban centres and not concrete jungles. 1. How has the writer tried to involve the reader? 2 What has the writer done immediately after the question in paragraph 2? 3. What suggestions has the writer included in the article? 4 Doyou think these suggestions are suitable? C Read and complete the Exam Task below. Don't forget to use the Useful Expressions on page 53 of your Student's Book. Exam Task You have seen this announcement in an international magazine for young people. Will the public transport system in your country's capital be able to cater for increasing numbers of city dwellers? What changes might bbe necessary to cope with greater demand for public transport? Ml uth he st erring anes nxt ren Write your article in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. LES REN eSUnits 3 & 4 Vocabulary A. Choose the correct answers. 1. fm looking for a new — to share the rent and bills a squatter € flatmate bb landlord d_ inhabitant 2. Kim seems to get involved in a new — every week! a scandal € gossip b disgrace shame 3 The couple's marriage was ust a__ stunt. 2 privacy € publicity b reputation 4. personality 4. Inner___areas can be dangerous a city © suburb b urban district 5 The speed in this part of town is 5Okm. 2 bump € camera b sign list 6 Cars can't park in an) area. a environmental ¢ zebra b pedestrian d_ conventional 7 Chad made a for himself on a reality show. a break © character bb money name 8 Youlook very —.. Have you been working out? a chubby © toned b regal d plain 9 The paparazzi are to be waiting outside the house a guaranteed € notorious b accomplished qualified 10 Let's the town red tonight! a deal © paint b lead grab 11 Why didn’t you stop? The was red! a junction pavement b parkingmeter traffic ight, 12 wish you wouldn't drop all the time! a person © name b star rumour 13 By all this the worst film she's starred in so far. a. accounts © comments b scenes d prices 44 The city is pressure to build more schools. a. behind © in b under d by Units 3 & 4 15 16 7 18 1” 20 a 22 23 24 25 26 28 Send your complaints to the mayor at the. a ghost town © concrete jungle b town hall outskirts Do you know what the population __ of Cairo is? a race © density b space d lane Now that he's a star, he treats us like _! a agents € fans b servants representatives | don’t have @ Facebook —_. a service © account b accomplishment hit ‘The residents of Villa Arriba on the residents of Villa Abajo. a catch © come in b cater look down (Only the rich can live in this district. a filthy classy b royal d dirty Its a nice idea, but | don't think it will — on, a take © catch b have bring Why does he look on people? a up down b over d round His latest novel in fora lot of harsh criticism. a came © ran b went d fell Greg has been a lot of pressure. aon © under b at d over ‘The meeting was held private. 2 to © under b on d in Let's __ somewhere for the weekend. a get away © get around b goalong d_ goover | didn'tunderstand the pointhe was tying to get to us. ain © across b on dat We really __ the town red last night! a painted © brushed b coloured covered| | Grammar B Choose the correct answers. 1 10 " 12 1B 14 ‘They down the Berlin Wall back in 1989. a had pulled © had been pulling b pulled 4 will pull The actress was wearing extremely big. a glass luggage b hair trousers You can't go to Switzerland withaut bringing me back a — of chocolate. a pair © ber b jar d carton Watch out! That tram crash into us! @ will € isgoingto b shall d. willhave This time next month, we — in Madrid for four years. a will live are going to live b willhave been living d_ lived ‘There wore stars at the film premiere. a any © lots b ittie few Would you like another slice of a pizza © grapes b soup cereal Was it the first time you Brussels? a hadbeen visiting shall visit b had visited will have visited _— arrange for front row seats for tomorrow's play? a will © Shall b Hadi d_ Am! going to The book gives many about what to see in Goa. 2 advice © experience b tips 4. permission That's @ beautiful! Where cid you get it rom? 2 sof € jewellery b fursiture d_ jeans | know! |___.up Uncle Francis in Salzburg. a will call © will have called b amgoingtocall — d_will have been calling celebrities will stop at nothing to be in the limelight: a Any © Some b No Much staying in Athers for long when the earthquake happened? a Had you b Didyou © Youhad been d_ Had youbeen 15 16 18 19 20 2 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 ‘They their tour of Queensland by Sunday. 2 are finishing € will be finishing b willhavefinihed had been finishing When to build the oof garden? 2 arethey going © will they have been b they will d. they are going Wow! There's so much in this limousine! a spaces © area b room d- rooms Can you pick up 2 of milk from the supermarket? a carton € packet b bowl jar Why are you carrying so luggage? @ many € alotof b lots of much |_— Constantinople until last year a hadh' visited ¢ hada't been visiting wasn't visiting 4. hadn't been visited ‘Did you enjoy the concert?’ 'By the time we arrived, ‘the band home.’ a had went € had gone b have went have gone They hed been waiting five hours. a since © yet b until d for She __ my letter by now. a receives © will be receiving b willhave received — d_ will recoive I'd like chease and biscuits, please. a any © some b few much What are you to study at university? a want © having b will going | was late because someone had my car keys. a hided hiding b hidden d hide Not too chocolate cake, please. @ many © much b lots few Sorry, but | haven't got cash. b none deny Reviev Units.am Reading J) spoing words inthe textand questions * Remember that even with scientific texts, you are tested | A. Read the Exam Reminder. What should con your English and nt on your scientific knowledge. you be cautious about? * Be careful not to think that if the same word is in the question and the text that this eutomaticaly means itis the correct answer. + Don't forget to check the meaning of each of the options carefully before selecting your answer. B_ Now complete the Exam Task. MAYAN TECHNOLOGY ‘The ancient Maya, wha lived in parts of present-day Central America, had a very sophisticated, complex civilisation and achieved remarkable things. By observing the skis they created a highly accurate calendar; they introcluced new farming methods; and they managed to build spectacular temples and great cities without the use of metal or the wheel One of their greatest accomplishments was vuleanisation, which is the process of combining rubber with other materials to make it stronger and longer-lasting, Until recently, the discovery ‘was credited to Charles Goodyear of the United States, ‘who patented the technology in 1843, However, scientists and historians now believe that the Maya were producing rubber producis from around 1600 BC - about 3,400 years before Goodyear. In fact, in the 16th century when Spanish explorers arrived in the area, they were astonished to see rubber balls, which were objects they had never encountered before. Even describing the stretchy, bouncy material proved difficult as it did not exist in Europe and was therefore beyond their experience. It is believed that the Maya discovered this process by accident when they cooked latex from rubber trees with juice from a plant called morning glory. They quickly realised how strong the new material was and the wealth of things it could be used for: to line the soles oftheir sandals thus making them water resistant, as glue, and for the large rubber balls they used in the game known as pokatok played on stone-walled ball courts as part of a religious ceremony.For questions 1 ~ 5 choose the answer (a, b, €or d) which fits best according to the text. 4. Which statement about the Maya is true? 4 What did the Maya need for vuleanisation? a They discovered Central America @ an accident with rubber They did not know how to use the land. strong materials € Their temples were very complex. € two different materials end heat They were good astronomers high temperatures and glue 2. What do we lear about the Spanish? 5. What did the Maya notice about rubber? | a They were at a loss for words. ‘a It was needed for religious ceremonies. |b They were inexperienced at ball games. Bb itmada them wealthy, | They went there looking for rubber. twas good to build courts with. 4 They couldn't prove they'd seen rubber. d_ twas tough and versatile. 3. When ist believed rubber was initially used? a in 1843 bb in 1600 BC © in 3400 BC d_ inthe 1500s Vocabulary A Circle the odd one out. ——4-lesson lecture excursion 4 permanent limited temporary 2 evidence proof. researcher 5 natural —ifeike precise 3 inteligent harmful addictive 6 fact cost price B_ Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words. 11 There are many exhibits on display in the museum. INTERACT 2. Where do these stones from? ORIGIN 3. Fridges and cookers are common household APPLY 4. What time does the rocket ________ open at? EXHIBIT 5. The flight _______was an amazing experience. SIMULATE & There have been many —_ advances over the past century. TECHNOLOGY Toa to radiation is extremely dangerous EXPOSE 8 Too much visual____ isn’t. good for our brains. STIMULATE C Complete the text with these words. ability generate lose measure miss time machine Travelling through time 's it possible to travel to other eras either in the pastor the future? If scientists have found an answer to this question, they're keeping quiet about it, However, the concept of a(n) (1) _______ isnot anew one. In fact, it was as far back as 1895 that writer H G Wells published a short novel exploring ths idea. In the novel, the main characters an inventor who has Created a machine which has the (2) to allow people to travel through time. During a dinner party, the | inventor doesn’t (3)_______the opportunity to demonstrate his machine to his guests i During the course of the experiment, the inventor travelled to far flung places and different eras. But how could he t @— the ccs ofthe expen? By looking at te dock of couse He aback home treshours | | later His quests were amazed by his stores, and so that they would not (5)_____creeibity, he even produced ‘an unusual flower given to him by a creature he had met during his travels! The machine was sureto (6) a lotofinterest. ee