1]Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OfTp Table of Contents Part 1 - Math Portion First Year Chapter 1—Number Systems Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions ‘+ Chapter 2~ Sets, Functions and Groups Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 3~ Matrices and Determinants Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions, * Chapter 4 - Quadratic Equations Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions © Chapter 5 ~ Partial Fractions Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions © Chapter 6 ~Sequences and Series Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions ‘© Chapter 7— Permutations, Combinations and Probability Questions ‘Answers and Detalled Solutions © Chapter 8 Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions © Chapter (9-14)~ Trigonometry Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions Second Year # Chapter 1—Functions and Limits Questions aX Answers and Detailed Solutions ‘+ Chapter 2— Differentiation Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions + Chapter 3~ Integration Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions ‘© Chapter = Introduction to Analytic Geometry Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 5 ~ Linear Inequalities and Linear Programming Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions + Chapter 6~Conic Section Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions + Chapter 7 - Vectors Questions . ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions www.oetp.pk 4 SReesa 30 31 41 42 46 48 48 82 65 70 2 79 80. 85 86 92 92 93 95 104 1052|Guidebook and Solved Past Paper s of NET Engineering bY Part 2- Physics Portion First Year Chapter 1 - Measurements Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 2~ Vectors and Equilibrium Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions ‘Chapter 3 — Motion and Force Questions’ Answers and Detailed Solutions - Chapter 4 - Work and Energy Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 5 ~ Circular Motion Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 6 — Fluid Dynamics Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 7 — Oscillations Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 8 — Waves Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 9— Physical Optics Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 10 — Optical Instruments Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 11 - Heat and Thermodynamics Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions Second Year Chapter 12 - Electrostatics Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 13 ~ Current Electricity Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 14 ~ Electromagnetism Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 15 ~ Electromagnetic Induction Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 16 Alternating Current ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 17 ~ Physics of Solids Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 18 - Electronics Questions ‘Answers and Detailed solutions Chapter 19 - Dawn of Modern Physics Questions www.oetp-Pk Questions OETP 110 112 116 117 120 123 127 129 133 135 138 138 140 143 149 150 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 162 168 169 a 173 176 a7 379 180 182 182 184 184 186ebook and solved Past Papers Of NET Engi, s \ bo 3)guid tailed Solutions ‘chapter 20~ Atomic Spectra Questions d Solutions wers and Detaile / coer 21 Nuclear Physics Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Miscellaneous Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Part 3 - Chemistry Portion nl First Year Answers and O' © Chapter 1 ~ Basic Concepts Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions © Chapter 2 - Experimental Techniques in Chemistry Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions © Chapter 3-Gases Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions © Chapter 4 Liquids and Solids Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions © Chapter 5 — Atomic Structure Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions © Chapter 6 - Chemical Bonding Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions © Chapter 7 - Thermodynamics Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions * Chapter 8 - Chemical Equilibrium Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions * Chapter 9- Solutions Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions * Chapter 10 ~ Electrochemistry Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Chapter 11 ~ Reaction Kinetics Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions MEYER BEE RR GR om of oe Second Year ; © Ch - j Anan = Petlodic Classtication of Elements and Periodicity Questions x oc wers and Detailed Solutions ‘ nate 2-s-Block Elements Questions i a i and Detalled Solutions ; i 3~Group IA and iva Elements Questions TS and Detailed Solutions www.cetp.pk aAlGuidebook and i a $ ‘ é 5 { ‘Chapter 4~ Group VA and VI Elements Questions Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering b ing by orp 245 “Answers and Detailed Solutions 4s Chapter § -The Halogens and Nobel Gases Questions m8 ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions = «Chapter 6 Transition Elements Questions 348 Answers and Detailed Solutions 250 Answers and Detailed Solutions «Chapter 8 Aliphatic Hydrocarbons Questions = eaters and etal soos 7 «Chapter 9 - Aromatic Hydrocarbons Questions 258 “Answers and Detailed Solutions a © Chapter 10— Alkyl Halides Questions 260 ‘Answers and Detalled Solutions 261 © Chapter 11 - Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Questions 263 ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions 265 Chapter 12 ~ Aldehydes and Ketones Questions 287 “Answers and Detailed Solutions 268 © Chapter 13- Carboxylic Acids Questions 270 “Answers and Detailed Solutions m «Chapter 14- Macromolecules Questions 274 Answers and Detailed Solutions 2s “e Chapter 15 ~Common Chemical Industries In Pakistan Questions 278 Answers and Detailed Solutions 279 “e Chapter 16 - Environmental ‘Chemistry Questions 281 ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions 282 «Miscellaneous Questions 24 “Answers and Detailed Solutions 28S Part 4— English Portion «Topie 1~ Synonyms and Antonyms ‘Questions . ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions an + Tople 2 Spellings Correction a0 « Tople 3— Analogies Questions 307 ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions 3S «Topic 4~ Reading Comprehension Questions a Answers and Detailed Solutions 323 «Topic 5 ~ Grammar Questions 328 Answers and Detailed Solutions www.oetp.P Kks|Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OFTF Part 5 — Intelligence Portion * Topic 1- Odd One Out Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions «Topic 2~ Sequences and Series Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions Topic 3 - Coding ~ Decoding Questions Answers and Detailed Solutions ‘© Tople 4— Direction Sense Test Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions ‘* Topic S— Number Reasoning Questions ‘Answers and Detailed Solutions 333 336 340 344 351 352 358 360 369 3746I1Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OETP About OETP and its Team ETP (Online Entry Test Preparation) started In 2015 with an aim to help the students to prepare for the Entry Tests in a more effective, reliable, and economical way. We offer a wide range of services like Online Entry Test Preparation Sessions, Solved Past Papers, Mock Exams, Vocabulary lists, Guides, Videos, Tips and Tricks to help the students in securing admission in their desired Institute and field. Here is @ list of individuals who worked days and nights to prepare this book and bring it into the marketplace: Chief Editor: Hassan Shahbaz (BS in EE and MS in Bio-Medical Engineering from NUST) di Ariba A. Sattar (PUMHS ~ Doctor of Pharmacy) ‘Abdul Basit (Advocate High Court Peshawar) Hussnain Waris (NUST SEECS Graduate ~ ASP UT) ‘Asma Naseer (MBBS —Wah Medical College) Sana Bashir (MBBS —MBBSMC Mirpur AJK) ‘Ariba A. Sattar (PUMHS — Docter of Pharmacy) ‘Muhammad Umar (Bahria University ~ MBA) Hassan Shahbaz (BS in EE and MS in Bio-Medical Engineering from NUST) ‘Abdul Saboor (KU Levin, Belgium — PHD In Computer Science) ‘Ameer Hamza Cheema (NUST ~ BS in Electical Engineering) Ali Raza (NUST~BS in Electrical Engineering) Contributors: ‘Muhammad Umar (Bahria University ~ MBA) Hiba Ali (NUST~BS in Economics) \Wajeeha Yasin (NUST ~BS in Software Engineering) Ahtesham Naeem (NUST~BS in Electrical Engineering) Zunaira Rasheed Dogar (MBBS -SMDC Lahore) egal Advisors: ‘Abdul Basit (Advocate High Court Peshawar) Bilal Akbar (Advocate High Court Islamabad) www.cetp.pk| jyevidevook and Solved Past Papers Of WET Engigg, ‘ney ast Paper Questions from Math Portion of jy The number of Math questions in various NETs out of 200 are: © NET Engineering and Computer Science: 80 MCQs e NeTArchitecture and Industrial Design : 60 MCQs © NETBS Mathematics : 170 MCQs Math Portion carries the maximum weightage in NET and should be given maximum tine é preparation. The key to performing well in this section Is revision and practice. Each and ee the textbook must be learned. A formula sheet is attached to this book for your assistance. ies learn all the formulas before you start practiéiitg the MCQs from this book. “The Questions in the Math portion are from both FSc 1" year and FSc 2" year. So, every chte™ prepared. However, some chapters are more important than the rest and you wil id mat = from these chapters in your NET. List of important chapters for Math are: Se First Year: © /Chapter 3— Matrices and Determinants o # Chapter 6 Sequences and Series ©’ Chapter 9-14- Trigonometry (Pay mo% atéention to chapter 10 and chapter 12 in Trigonometry) FSc Second Year: (Chapter 1 - Functions and Limits * /Chapter 4 ~ Introduction to Analytic Geometry © Chapter 6 —Conic Section je! 2013 ona ‘The following pages contain the Math Questions from Past Papers of NUST( their answers and solutions,Blguldebook and Solved Past Papers of WET Engineering by oer ° 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7 8) 10) 11) 22) 13) 14) 15) iE Questions from 1* Year Mathematics Chapter 1~ Number Systems Modulus of iota is equal to: ali b)-i gu aa Additive inverse of a complex number (a, b) is written as: a) (a, b) b) (a, -b) ) (-a, -b) 4d) (1/a, 1/b) Ifa > b, then according to addition properties of inequalities a +c +b a)> b< d= 4) None of these ‘What is the area of a rectangular room with length of S ~3i and width of 2i7 a) 6+ 101 b)s-1 )16 ds Real component of (4~ iis: as b)1s 23 a7 “Real part of (2 -3i)is a) 64 b) 2035 ¢) 828 d) 132 Additive inverse of 2+ v3t is: ajz-Vi b)-2 +-V3t ¢)-2-V3i + d)-05 — vii ‘What is the real component of the complex number (4~-J)*? a)-8 b}17 a5 d) None of these iota expressed in the form of coordinates is: 2) (0,1) b) (1,0) f fina ¢) (0,0) d)Itis impossible to express a complex number in the form of coordinates Which one of the following is the real part of the complex number: 6(2 - 3i)? a2 b) 12 Q3 ae Simplify the expression (1+ /)* . a)-16 b) 16 ©) 32 4-3 Additive identity of complex number aie a)(1,0) b) (0,2) ¢) (0, 0) )(-4,0) Find the imaginary part of (2 + 34)? a ay-271 a) 441 ») 9 a- Ifa > b, then ax > bx, when x - < ajed b)=0 )>0 dco Ifa and b are two non-negative numbers such that a < b, then: 11 ab i. EB is, / ath 0 d) None of these a)>o b) b, then: 4d) None of these b) 4)6 +108 ‘Area = Length x Width = (5 ~3i) x 2i = 101~G6i? = 101 +6 5)15 G- 0)? = 16+? - 8 =15- BI So the real part is 15 and the Imaginary part is 81 6)2035 (2-308 www.cetp.pkoeTP by neering sof NET Engl 11Guidebook and Solved Past Paper = (@- 317)" = (4 +97- 1207 =(4 (—5 — 12%)? (-1)9 (S + 120° ) p =(5 + 1207(5 + 124 412 “Gs Fat i200 4 129 = -(25— 144 + 1208 + C119 + 1200)(5 + 121) = (595 — 14281 + 600i + 144042) —(-595 — 828i — 1440) —(-2035 ~ 828i) 2035 + 8281 7) -2- V3i g)1s , G~- 0? = 16 +@-8i = 16-1-81 = 155 81 9) (0,2) 10) 12 11)16 G+0* = [04074] =04+2 +20! =0-1420'= (20* = 16i* = 16(1) = 16 121° (Taking -1 out as common) 12) (0, 0) The additive Identity of complex numbers is it unchanged. The multiplicative identity of complex numbers is (1, to the identity (2, 0) will leave it unchanged. 13) 91 Using the formula: (a+b)? =a} +63 + 3ab(a +b) @ + 30? = 2)? + 33 +32) GN(2 +31) +2709 + 18((2 + 31) +2707 )(i) + 3614 54/2 ~ 271 +361 -54 = 46491 (0,0). Adding this identity to any complex number will leave 0). Multiplying any complex number (other than 0) will change, For example, 5>3 Multiplying by -1, the inequality will be: ‘aetilig Y will be: ifthe inequality is ‘Multiplied by Y @ positive numb question the sign of i ne aecstn sg eaualty remains the same after multiplyi i Positive Le., greater than, 0. Piving the Inequality with “x, this me; ” , ‘ans “) 15)>0ved past Papers Of NET Engi, erin Vr afb will aways be postive as both @ and bare tug Torof the fraction wil always be positive, ‘ ition of 2 non-negative numbers also ves addltion, and addition of 2 results Dena ve ember with another positive number, the result will aways be On ing conclu tha tegen exresion il abvays be greater thang erefor, ira b, then the result of b— will aways be negative as both a and b are two non-egstienaie subtracting a larger number from a smaller number always return a negative answer, Ths mays, numerator of the fraction will always be negative. Denominator irivolves addition, and addition of 2 non-negative numbers also results ina postienin On dividing 2 negative number with a positive number, the result will always be a negative rox, Therefore, we can conclude that the given expression will always be less than 0. 17) All of these Associative property of multiplication is applicable on all given choices including matics fr! matrices A, B and C: Ax (BC) = (AB) XC Do not confuse the associative property with commutative property. Commutative property true for Matrix Multiplication i, in general for any 2 matrices: AB #BA eat In associative property we do not change the order of matrices, the order stays the same el which matrices are multiplied first. a(S 1 | ozs ‘The mukiplicative inverse of a complex number (a,b) is calculated as: az TIE) we ed Here, a represents the ex Complex number in onde fat 2» fepresents the imaginary part of the cont pve a vig Pars (5.1). Using the above formula, the multiplcathe PTE) (F-2)-5| [Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engi neering by Ofte We have to first rationalize the denominator by multi iplying and dividis denominator. lying and dividing the expression by conjugate of +i 1ti = _34ie3i+? =—3-27 344i-1 o+1 | 244i Now we can find the modulus or absolute value of the complex number. The value of a complex pl er. The absolute kel = Vx +y? So, the absolute value of given complex number will be: 1)? 2)? s_vS tal= |) +@ = fastest fare where n belongs to set of integers. L.e., Vi € zZ 20)Z De Moivre’s Theorem states: (cos@ + isin 6)" = cosné +isinnd De Moivre’s Theorem does not hold for fractions or for complex numbers in the exponents. N in option d {tin De Moivre's Theorem can be a Natural number, but this set stands for Natural Number. The exponent aane ot include all the possible values of "a" So, the best possible answer would be Z set of integers. 210 ‘According to the De Moivre’s Theorem (cos + isin?" = cosnd +isinnd Using this rule on the given expression, we get: (cos — i sind)? = cos20 —isin20 For @ = 45°, the above equation become: (cos45 — {sin 45)? = cos 90 ~ isin 9} Thus, the real part of complex number would be 0. 22)1 -4V3t (@? means we have to find the square of number z = @ + bi, its conjugate Is given as: z=a-bi So, conjugate of given complex number will be: 2-V3l Squaring both sides: o-i=-t 1 conjugate of the given complex number. For 2°Y complex www.oetp.pk13[Guldebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by O€TP @=(2-v3iy (2)? = 2(2)(V3i) + (Vi) 2 = 4—4v3i +31? 4-4y3i-3 1=4y3i 23) Componendo-Dividendo For this type of questions, remember these 6 properties of ratios and proportions: a) Invertendo Property: For four numbers a, b, , d: Harbec:d,then b:a=d:c; that is, two ratios are equal, then their inverse ratios are also equal. b) Alternendo Property: For four numbers a, b,¢, d Ma:b=c:d,then azc= ratios will still be equal. 4; that is, ifthe second and third term interchange their places, the resultant €) Componendo Property: For four numbers a, b,c, ifa:b=c:dthen (a+b): (c+d):d, 4) Dividendo Property For four numbers a, b,c, Iasb=c:dthen (a-b) (e-d): €) Convertendo Property For four numbers a, b, , d: Ma:b=c:dthena:(a-b)=c:(c-d) f] Componende-Dividendo Property For four numbers a, b,c, d: ifa:b=e:dthen (a+b): (a-b) =(c+d):(c-d). From these properties, we can see the question statement shows the Alternendo Property. www.ocetp.pk14|Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OETP Chapter 2 ~ Sets, Functions and Groups 1) Which of the following is the associative law for the sets a)Au(BuC)=(AuB) Ac b)Au(BuC}=An (Buc) )Au(BuC)=(AuB)uC d) None of these 2) If Kand 8, B and Care overlapping sets while A and C are disjoint sets. Which of the following can represent the sets A, Band C: a) A= Set of Natural Numbers, = Set of Even Integers, C = Set of Odd Integers. b) A = Set of squares of natural number, B = Set of Even Natural Numbers, C = Set of Rational Numbers ©) A= Set of Rational Numbers, B= Set of Real Numbers, C = Set of Irrational Numbers 4) None of these 3) FAB = AUB, what you can say about sets A and B? a) Aand B are disjoint sets b) Aand B are overlapping sets ©) Ais subset of B 4d) A and B are equal sets 4) Which of the following shows that (A) is a subset of the other set? a) A= (0, A, 8] b)A= (0, 8] A= [A,B] 4) None of these 5) __ IF Ais subset of 8 then 8 is super set of A this condition holds true for which option? a)A=B b)ASB BSA d) None of these 6) __ Which one of the following properties of sets is said to be the commutative property? a)AUB=BUA b) )AU(BUC)=(AUB)UC dA =U-A 7) {A)={2, b,c}. Number of subsets of set A will be? aya - b6 as a)12 8) A= (2,2, 3},B=(0, 4, 5) find the number of subsets of AUB. a) 64 bg a6 4)32 9) Astatement which is always false is termed as a) Contingency b) Tautology ©) Absurdity d) Negation 10) ANB=ANC, will always be true If: a)B=C becc ccs 4) Allofthese 11) Mf Aand B are non-empty sets, then which of the following must be incorrect: a)ANB b)AUB=6 dacs d)BCA 12) x= (1, 2, 3, 4] and y = (a, b, c,d] and f(x,y) = (2, a), (2, b), (3, c), (4, d) . The relation between x and y is: a) Onto b) Into (1-41)and into d) (1-1) and Onto 13) Which of the following is equal to universal set? aJAUA » BANU qAuU d) None of these 14) A= (1,3,9,2), B= (2,8,5), then ANB =? a) (2) b)2 (1, 5) 4) None of these www.cetp.pk» | t | V9 olved Past Papers of NET Engi Neer, 4 Answers, of Chapter 2 Functions and Grou, s yav(eud=(AvBluc of Rational Numbers, B = Set of Real Numbers, C= Set of rational uns, ers 2) AzSe 3) Aand B are equal sets When two sets are equal, the result of their intersection and union will be the same ie the ‘ 5a 4) None of these s None of these shows that {A) Is subset of the other set. These represent that A belon, There is a difference between A and {A}. A represents an element while (A} represen 7 a indy set can be a subset of the other set. ‘ The correct relation will be: {A) & {Other Set) fs s)ASB 6)AUB=BUA 78 Number of subsets = 2", where n= number of elements in the set There are 3 elements in the given set. So, number of possible subsets of A = 2! 28 8) 64 AUB=(0,1,2,3,4,5) Number of elements in AU Bis 6, so the number of subsets in AU B= 2°= 64 9) Absurdity ‘A statement which is always false Is called an absurdity or a contra true for all the possible values of the variables involved is called tautology. A statement either true or false depending on the values of the variables involved is known as ‘contingency: diction, A statement which 62a! which att 10) B=C i ‘We are given that An. B= A11.Cand we have to find the relation between B and C so that hse must be true for all values of A, B and C. peat eee ee era anbe tive but, In some cases, not for allcases.Forexample,#A=( Ge and C= {3}. In this case: AN B= {3} and AN C= (3}andCCB ‘Another example: A= (2,5, 6,7,), B= (2,3,4) and C= (3) ANB=(2}andANC=@andCCB Though CCB, the given equation is not true. Same goes for BCC. B= Cwill make the given equation always true. So, this would be correct answer. a ti M)AUBEO epre 2 Noe that and B are nan-emply sets. Union of wo sets contain athe element thao Ses So, union of two nonempty sets can never be an erly set. This means 4 ;resion. Rest of the 3 choices can be correct depending on the values of 2° 12) (1-1) and Onto al www.cetp.pkLlGuidedook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineesing by OETF Notice that each element of set x is paired exactly with one element of set y. This means there is = 2 Correspondence between both sets, Such 2 elation between sets Is known as Bijective function or (11) ‘and Onto Function. a3)AUU Intersection of two sets return the elements that are common to returns the elements of both the sets combined. A denotes some ran ‘set. So, we can evaluate the given expressions as: AUASA ANU=A AUU=U, 14)Q} AmB means we have to find the intersection of sets A and B. Remember that intersection of two sets return the elements that are common to both sets. A= (1, 3,9, 2), B= (2,8, 5) ‘The only common member to both sets is 2. The intersection of two sets will also be a set, enclose the answer in brackets. Therefore, the correct answer will be {2} both sets. While union of two sets dom set and U denotes the Universal so we have to www.cetp.pk17[Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Enginerring by OETP Chapter 3 ~ Matrices and Determinants 3 1x 1) Find the values of xif|-1 3 4) x 10 32,3 b)3,-4 2,3 44,3 45 4 2) Determinant of|2 1 2] is: an 7a, gaa Feit 3) Inverse of A= jad be) 1 0 4) None of these are a of : " =p 2 4) Inverse of A= [3 je 5 ta os a) s Pi d) None of these ns ol ola ol alg os) at 5) Null matrix of order 1x2 is: a)[0 0] » {2} of a d) Both a and b 6) ‘Orders of some matrices are given below. Which one of them cannot be multiplied? a] mx, nx p where m,n and p are all positive integers b) axb, bxc where a, band care all positive integers o)1x2,2x6 6) 3x5,4x1 7 Find the cofactor of inthe matricA=[} 3] aji bya a4 d)-4 aft 22 - 8) A=[E 73), fina ta a) 60 bo )120 4d) None of these 9) Whats the Determinant of Null matrix? aya bo do 4) None of these 10) If Als symmetric, then A ~ A® = a)2A ba Jo 4) None of these 11) Find the product BA for following matrices: _[2 0 -f* 33 “eed = = cr) aft, ie of 7] af 7] @)Noneofthese 12) Find the inverse ofthe following matrix: [-3 0 0 [e 9 4| o 0 5. www.cetp.pkWl Guldebook and Solved Past Papers of N 12 + 4x—x —3x? = -30 7 =3x $3x—-12+30 = 0 (cast 3x +18 = 0 3x? —3x -18 = 0 wa-x-6=0 “yt 3x4 2x-6 = 0 x(x- 3)+ 2%-3) =0 ET Engineering by OETP 1 -1 0 0} -; 9 9 50 0 ajo 1 4| a) af 9 2] d) Inverse does nat Exist oo. 1 jo o 3) 0 0% 13) IEA and B are two matrices, then adjoint(AB) Is equal to: 3) adjoint(A) adjoint(8) b) adjoint(6) adjoint(A) ) adjoint(BA) d) None of these 14) IEA‘s singular, then a= 4a 3 A=|7 3 ( 23 0 ajo b)-5 3 a7 15) Which of the following set of matrices can be multiplied? a ay{a tit) wf Joo 9 afl d)Allof these 1 8 9 so teannemeorat7: 3 4] 7 5 6 as b)o os dé 19 7 0 8] 12 0 0 10) 17) Find the determinantofA=13" 2 | 6 00 S. 2) 28 b) 156 ) 720 d) None of these Answers of Chapter latrices and Determinants 1)-2,3 3.12% I-13, 4[=-30 x 10 . expanding through 1" row we can get the determinant of the matrix as: “4¢q — 4) - 10 4x) + 2(-1 = 3x) = —30 re[guidebook and Solved Past Papers of yey Enging 19[Gu Hy (x-3)(x +2) =0 2 x=3,x= None of these ' EN two rows (1" and 3" row) ofthe given matrix are equal, the determinant Of the may to zero. 3) None of these Determinant of A = ad—be adjoint ofa=[4 78) x = Adjoint Inverse of Matrix = > inant “2041 ols os] Determinant = 1(4) - 2(3) = -2 ‘ointz[4 7 Adjoint= [4 1 Inverse of Matrix = —4a/alnt_ Determinant 5)[0 0) 6)3x5,4x1 a ol ‘Two matrices can be multiplied only if the number of columns of the first matrix equal the number of the second matric. 74 Cofactor is calculated as: Ay = (1! x My ined by delete? where Myis the minor of the element. Minor is the determinant of the matrix obtained by and" column, Minor for 11s 4. So, the cofactor of 1 will be: : Cofactor of 1 = (~1)!1x 4 = 4 ®) None of these he invest ‘We have to find the determinant of Inverse of matrix A. For this, first we need to find t pr Adjoine'a lA] Val = 4(15)~12(5) = 60-60 x0 The determinant of A does not exist. Since, answer will be [A~ 90 ANull Matrix is defined as a the det ls fa 18 cot 's equal to 0. This means mate A is a singular mates. lovey eter Te by ‘we cannot find the Inverse, we cannot find Its determina eco af | does not ent. So, rom given choices, None of these would BE i eet rats a matrix with al its elements equal to 0. Since, all the eleme! erminant of such a matrixof any order wih always be 0. www.cetp.pkpo[Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OFT? 10)0 Remember these properties: Fora symmetric matrix: At = A Fora skew-symmetric matrix: A = ~A since, Ais given to be symmetric, we can write: A- Abs A-A=0 tawere skew-symmetric, the result would be: A- Ai =A-(-A)=A+A=2A 8 -! [42 il ‘ notice that we have to find the product BA, and not AB. In general the matrix mulieicaion i 90% ane tatve, Ths means in general BA # AB, If you compute AB, this wl ead to# wrong 2ntwer af yz? a= TL 7 By lise +33) 4D + CDM] 0(2) + 1(-3) 0(1) +17) _je+9 4-21 0-3 047 _p7 727] “B71 12)| 0 0 eon am oo Detailed Method: Let the matrix be named as matrix A. -3 0 0 A=|0 9 0 0 0S Since, A is a diagonal matrix, the diagonal. ie, [A] =-3 x9 x5 = -135 it of A, we have to find the cofactors ‘of the elements of A. determinant of A will be equal to the product of elements in its main To find the Adjoint 0 0 aaeco |p sl=° Anecy |) g)=45 as=cpf So aneco™ly sl asecuts l=? =u? S=-15 www.cetp.pk21|Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OLTP ecym|o Fe ar=cdy giao an = (D3 Ay = (983 g ‘The cofactor matrix of A will be: 45 0 0 [4g] =} 9 -15 0 | ° 0 27, Adjoint of A= Transpose of the Cofactor matrix. 45 0° 0 AdjA=|0 -15 0 | oo ~27! Since, cofactor matrix s symmetric, the transpose Is equal to the same matrix. Now, we can calculate the inverse matrix. AdjA z{° o 0 Ta ias]2 715 8 ll 13519 9 -27 45 "Tas 0 o =| 0 45 0 Ts , 7 0 0 Tas 1 5 ° | = 5 Oo ° 5 oo 1 5 Shortcut Method: To find the inverse of a diagonal matrix, replace each element in the diagonal with its reciprocal. Note: This method will work only on a diagonal matrix, with non-zero elements in the main diagonal. The order of matrix does not matter here. Even if you are given 2 5x5 or higher order diagonal matrix, using this shortcut you can directly find the answer in 1 step. 13) adjoint(B) adjoint(A) 14)3 Matrix A is given to be singular. Singular matrix is defined as the matrix whose determinant is zero. This means, determinant of A is zero. So, finding the determinant of A and setting it equal to 0 will give us the value of a. 4 a 3 17 3 6 23 1 ll www.cetp.pktte oete 2IGuidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering BY Expanding by 1" column, we get (3 — 18) — a7 — 12) +.3(21-6) 60+ 50445 lal = Sa—15 Setting the determinant equal to 0: Sa-iS=0 sas 0) 15)(2 0) [9] 1 the number of 2 Matrices can be multiplied only if the number of columns of the Ist matrix are equal to rows of the 2nd matrix. nnot be For option a) (1 1){11], first matrix has 2 columns while second matrix has 1 row. So, these cann multiplied, For option b) 6 1] [0 0}, first ma be multiplied. - For option «) (1. 0] [9] multiplied. has 2 columns while second matrix has 1 row. So, these cannot first matrix has 2 columns, and second matrix has 2 rows. So, these can be 16)5 Minor of an element in a matrixis defined as the determinant obtained by deleting the row and column in which that element lies. Element 7 lies in 3" row and 1" column. So, we delete the 1" row and 3" column and find the determinant af the remaining matrix. This will be the minor of element 7. Minor of 7 willbe=|2 |= 32-27 =s 17) None of these Do not be confused because of the 4x4 order ofthis matrix. When a higher order ma test, in almost all cases it would be solved using the properties of m: ‘to observe the matrix carefully and have all the properties in mind. jo 7 0 8 12 0 0 10) MI=l" 12 6 6005 ‘Taking out 2 as common from the 2™ row we get: 9 7 0 8 600 § Mi=2); 12 ¢ 6005 Notice that 2° and 4" row of the determinant matrix are now i trix is given in the atrices/determinants. The key is just equal. identical columns, the determinant of such amatiks always ener On NAS 2 klential rows or 2 So, [A] = 2(0) =0 This means, None of these would be the correct answer, WWwWwW.0etp.pky 2) 3) 4) 5) §) 7) 8) 9) 10) 1) 12) 13) 14) 45) Chapter 4 = Quadratic Equations if ax? + bx + ¢= 0 has only one root = des ajar0 b)b=0 )e=o aa -2y= following is the value of 2 Mfx=3y and 3x 2y = 7, which of the POLY that sate. a)1 bys 25 va Pe Sum of reciprocals of 4th roots of unity is? a)0 ba Or 82 Real fourth roots of unity are: 30,1 b)4,-1 O41 -144 04) The sum of all fourth roots of unity is al bo el dy What will be the valye of *a” in x! 4x? + ax+1 if Lis the Foot of the expression? ajo bya 3 da Which ofthe following are the roots of the equation x?-3x-4=07 a)14 b)3,4 )-1,4 dg Cube roots of unity are? a) 1,w,w? b)-1,1,w )-1,1,w 4) None ofter Mxt-32-4 Othen its roots are: a) 2,-2,iand-1 6) 4,-1,1and-1 i A) None Product of cube roots of unity is aja b)o e- dw w3 4 aw bjo )2w qt The equation which does not change by eplacing x with 1/x is knowns: aa a) Linear b) Quadratic ¢) Proportional a) Now 2 {fis any real number and w"= y2 Where w is cube root of unity, whichof he" Possible value of n? a4 b)6 2 os yo Ma and Bare the roots of the equation ax? + bx+ ¢= 0, then the equation i is: . a +xb+ fen a = b) +bytae Day’ +by+ce9 eattease Smythe following expression: fox fie foe x d)} 4) (abe) c)aXb*c* Www.cetp.pkpe[cuide 16) 17) 18) 22) 23) + ow 25) 26) 2) 28) book and solved past Papers of NET Engineering by OETP Find the square of — a+vii ay ye as d) None of these r+ f= 10, and 2x?-kx + 1 = 0, find the value of k. a)s b)-5 ¢) 20 d)-20 w7 + w!? can be simplified to: a-4 byw? w?+1 a2 Factors of x?-2x + Lare: a) («- 2)(x+ 2) b) (x + 2)(x= 1) c) (x-1)(x-2) d) (x+1)(x=3) Factors of x? + 5x + 6 are: a) (x+6)(x+1) b) (x + 5)(x+ 1) e) (x + 3)K +2) d) {x= 6)«-1) If diagonal of a square measures 20 units, then the length of its sides ist a) 10 we c) 10V2 d) None of these Find three consecutive integers such that when twice of second number is subtracted from the tum of fst and three times the third number, the result is 44. 3)8,9,10 b) 13,14, 15 ¢) 13, 15, 16 4) 20, 21, 22 ifs) =x? +x8 exS $23 42+ Lis divided by x +1, then the remainder is: a)6 b)-6 gz d)-2 For the equation: x2-2x +16 =0, the product of roots is: a) 16 b)2 3 d) None of these ‘The point of intersection of x + 2y = 8 and 2x + Sy = — 918: a) (2,3) s b)(-7,3) )(-27, 58) d) (58, -27) ax? + bx +.¢ =O has only 1 root when: a)a=0 b)b=0 ero d) Allofthese The sum of roots ax? + bx +c=0 is zero when aja=c b)a=0 c)b=0 , d)c=0 For what value of zwillthe average of 3,8 and z be equal to 10? b) 15 gi )27 aoas[Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OLTP Answers of Chapter 4 ~ Quadratic Equations aja=0 ‘When a = 0, the equation (ax? + bx + ¢ = 0) will be reduced to a linear equation bx + ¢ = 0 with only one root Le. x= -b/e 24 x=3y “ 3x-2y=7 i) Substituting the value of x from equation (i) in equation (i), we get: 3139) -2y=7 > 7 y= 3)0 Fourth roots of unity are 1,1, i and “1. Their reciprocals are 1, -1, 1/4 -1/1 which add up to zero. ayaa 5) ‘The fourth roots of unity are +1, 1, i and ~i. These roots add up to give zero. 6)-3 Since 1 is the root of the equation so replacing x zero. Li (a)*+ (AP + 2(a) +#2=0 a+3=0 DLe w823x-4=0 we dxtx-420 xed) + 1(x-4) = 0 (x42}0-4) = 0 x in the equation should result in an answer equal to 8)1,w, wt 9) 2,-2, land ‘An easy way to check for the correct option is by placing the given values one by one in the given equation, Checking for x=2 (2)*-3(2)'-4=0 16-12-4=0 0=0 ‘Thus 2 isa root of equation. This way, perform a check for all the options. Another way Is to change the given equation to a quadratic equation by substitution and solve the equation. Placing x = y, we get the equation as: y-3y-4=0 ig this equation, we get This means: or wed or xehl 4) 2w WP 4 PB = 27 (WS tw) = AQ tw) = wd + Wt = 2 www.oetp.pking by OETP ineerin cs of NET ENB 2B [Guidebook and Solved past Pape * ; For example: always be 1. ber which Is a multiple of 3, the answer will {wis raised to any number which z the wel wel + uation. i .d a reciprocal eq Anenmton ch remains unchanged when x Is replaced by 1/x is caller equation which remains un 3)-a 1 w = Ww? w 14) ey + by +a=0 and B are the roots of the equation ax’ + bx + c= 0. So, a+ B=-b/a and ap =c/a The new roots are 1/a and 1/8. ‘Sum of New Roots = 1/a + 1/B = (B+ a)/aB Using the value of B+ a and af, we get: Sum of new roots =: Product of New Roots = 1/ap = a/c Required Equation is given by: ¥" - (Sum of roots)y + Product of roots = 0 ¥' + (b/cly + a/c=0 oy +by+ae0 flee -@) = Vit 19 —> 1 + V5i\" C*) = DP + 2-1 (VE) + (VI? in 2val+ a “4 eit 2val~ WWW.cetp,pk_ ; and solved Past Papers Of NET gy, Neer [ " a7jouidebe? -2- Wii aoe 4 (1-131) a -1-¥3i a 37)20 « ie B represent the roots of an equation. @ + f = 10 means the sum of roots Of the given 10. . . We also know that sum of roots of q quadratic equations ax? + bx +c = Disgivenas a+pa-o For the given equation, the sum of roots will be: K)_k 2.122 Comparing both the equations, we can write: a+p= 18) -i w7 + wi? = whw + (w3)* = (w3)?w + (w3)* Using the fact that w? = 1, we can write: (ww tw) = (Dwtlew+l Using the fact that: 1 +w + w saitw=-w? The above equation changes to: wtis—y? Since, w? = 1 aww? = 1 swt Th erefore, the given expression can be simplified to: _____www.oetp.pkpicuidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by Ofte ww? 39) («= 0x2) We can find the factors using mid-term split method. omdlextox-x4tl =xe-1)-1@-) =(x- 1-1) = = 1? 20) (x +3)(x+2) We can find the factors using mid-term split method. xP4Sxt6 =x? 42x 43x46 = x(x +2) +3@+2) = (xt 243) 21)10V2 Let x represents the sides of the square and d represents its diagonal. The relation between side length and diagonal will be: setet 2x? =d? aE Vix=d Using the given value of d, we get: Vix = 20 20 _ 2x10 RT ve xev2x10= 102 2)20, 21,22 tet the smallest integer be x. Since, the integers are consecutive, the 2 integer will be x + Land the 3 integer will be x + 2 ‘Transforming t!.e given sentence Into equation: (2 Number + Thrice of 3" Number) ~ Twice ‘of 2 Number = 44 Using the assumed values in the above equation we Bet: x43(c+2)-2@4+1) = 44 x43x46-2x-2=44 2xt4=44 2x = 40 ax=20 This means, the first Integer Is 20, second integer fs 21 and the 3 integer Is 22. 23)-2 ‘According to the Remainder Theorem, the remainder ‘obtained when a polynomial f x ~aiis the same as the value of polynomial f(x) atx = @ 1) = 27 4x8 4x3 4.23 + x + 11s to be divided by x + 1 x+ L canbe written as x — (-1) So, according tothe Remainder theorem, Instead of dividing (2) bY * = oo (x) Is divided by we can substitute www.oetp.pkap|Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OFT? 1 in f(x). The resulting answer will be the remainder. =1in f(x) we get Substituting x P(-1) = (1? + (8 + (8 + C1 + (HD +1 f(a) =-it da d-1-1+1 f(-) = -2 ‘Therefore, the remainder is ~2. 24)16 The product of roots of a quadratic equation ax? + bx + ¢ = 0 Is given by: ¢ __Constant Term Coefficient of x Constant term in given equation Is 16, and the coefficient of x* 1. So the product of roots will be: 6 pela 25) (58, -27) ‘The given equations are linear equations in two variables. Solving these equations simultaneously will give us the point where both the lines meet i, the, point of their intersection. xt2y=8 Equation 2 2x+5y=-9 Equation 2 ‘Multiplying “Equation 1” by two, and subtracting it from “Equation 2", gives us: 2x +5 —2(x + 2y) = -9-2(8) 2x + Sy —2x—4y = -9- 16 -25 y Using y = —27 in Equation 1, we get: x+2(-25)= x-50=8 4x=58 in ordered pair the answer would be: (58,~27) the given Quadratic Equation will be reduced into a Linear Equation and 26)a=0 So, a must be equal to 0. When the coefficient of x? Is 0, the Linear Equation has always only 1 root or solution. 27)b=0 Sum of roots of a quadratic equation ax? + bx +¢ = Os calculated as: b Se-z “ThigsuCn will be equal to Of the numerator is equal to 0. This means, for the sum to be equal to 0, Le., the coefficient of x must be equal to 0. 28) 19 Average is defined as: “ Si ‘average = Sut of Mumbers = Count of Numbers Their average Is 10, Using these values In the above formula, we get: We have three numbers 3, 8 and 2. 34842 3 a19eZ ll+z www.oetp.pkyo|Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OETP ‘Chapter 5 ~ Partial Fractions a) At iena4 B=? Ta i ay2 bo d2 2 Uf ast e then the values of A’ and 8° are: a)2and2 b)2and-2 e)and-1 ‘Answers of Chapter 5 ~ Partial Fractions no 1 A 8 WG4D) x41" x Multiplying both sides by x(¢ +1) we get: 1=A@) +8+1) Putting x = —1we get: 1=A(-1) + 800) Putting x = 0,we get: AQ) +8G) 48 AtB=1+(d}=0 Multiplying both sides by (x 1)(e + 1) we get: 4x=A@e+1)+8Q-D Putting x = 1,we get: 4=A@) wAat Putting x = ~1,we get: 4 = B(-2) 4B=2 www.cetp.pk at 4d) None of these ‘Scanned with Camcanera) 2 4) 5) 9 7 8) » 10) 1) 22) 2) 14) Chapter 6 ~ Sequences and Series 3 and tis 39 then Sinis b)212 c) 216 For an AP. iftris 3) 210 dus What isthe geometric mean between 9 and 4? a6 b)6i o)-6i a7 Next number of the series 5, 8, 11, 14, 17... is 3)20 bj19 21 au th number of the following series is? 1, 4,8, 13, 19. 2) 3 b)34 43 ss Two AMs between 5 and 11 are: 378 b)7,9 168 65,85 Year = cot ajo bo ¢)(e?-1)" de If 2 and 32 are in G.P. Find their geometric mean aja b)-8 c) 16 d)-16 : ay" x0) ao ba ai a7 Sy ayn Says 3) 9/40 bye oo ow F ‘ ved AP, if = 19 and ayy = 29,, what willbe the value of common different? by2 3 a4 x ai ar b-1 as a 3,913,175, 4 ai Geometi/” —Seres et 7) avo! cahitug ) Arithmetle c) Harmonte a) Now © a) 5/11 V3I4€ ofthe repeating decimal 0.4545... orn b)so/11 Os/it ) Non 2,2,2,2,2,215 an arith eC) 0s/) ae metic sequence with a common difference b)2 quence d) Not an arithmetic $2 Wwww.cetp.pk321Guidebock and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OFTp 15) Sum of the series 0.2 + 0,02 + 0.002.... up to infinite terms is: a) 1/3 b) 1/6 29 4)anz 16) WS,=n foran AP.then a,=? aay by n+ ay Q)2n?—a, d) na, 7) 14+24+3+44+...+100 a) 5050, b) 5000 c) 2550 d) 4500 18) 24446+..+100 3)2250 b) 2550 17s ais 19) AM of 1/4 and 3/8 is: 3)10/8 b)s/6 ons ase 20) 24+4+8+416+...+tilln/2 terms =? a2" wzr-2 oz +2 d) None of these 21) If ty =(~3)" tas and t = 1, the series represented by ty (s: aap ») GP HP 4) None of these 22) Which of the following series has r=0.5? i a) 1,15, 2,2.5.. b) 2, 4,8, 16... ¢) 256, 128, 64,32... d) All ofthese 23) ‘The series 1+1+141+...is: a) Convergent b) Divergent ¢) Neither convergent nor divergent d) Both convergent and divergent 24) What is the sum of the following series? 846424..41/32 a) 495/32 b) 625/32 511/32 4d) None of these 25) What isthe difference between the arithmetic mean and the geometric mean of S and 72 a)08 b) 0.08 ¢)0.008 4) 0.0008 26) What is the nth term of the sequence: 1, 3,5, 7..? a)2n-2. b)2n+3 d) Its impossible to find the nth term for such a sequence ¢)2n 27) What is the sum of the first 50 natural numbers? , a) 500 b) 1275 ¢) 1200 ) 8900 28) What are three AMs between -18 and 4? a)12.5,7 and 2.5 ; ween a negative and a positive number b) AM can't be found bet gazeeas )-12.5,-7 and -1.5 . . | 25) Sumthe series upto n terms. : 14345¢ : ayn | a)nt b) Ine? 2 30) What is the G.M of 32 and 64 45.12 | 2) 48 b) 45.12 9-48 4-45.41 www.oetp.pk | |32) 33) 34) 35) 36) 37) 38) 39) b)2 The 11th Term of the Series willbe: 2, 5/2, a) 11/2 b) 14/2 Calculate Se given: ty = 8 and r= -1/2 a) -25/2 b) 85/16 Sy 1 pea) =? XG :) a)2 bya Which of the following series converges? a)S=-1-1-1-., )Se14i4i4i4.. Find the sum of following series: P4327 455 404 n? aE@4+)@n+1) b) 3 (4n? - 1) ‘The H.M between 1/2 and 1/8 is: a) 16/5 b) 4/5 5, -15, 45, What a) Positive ) Either positive or negative Find the 10 term of the sequence: yi 11 Perey a)37 ) 1/37 ¢ the sign of the 84563214" term? - aa ¢) 22/2 d) 17/2 ¢) 55/8 d) -95/32 2 4)16 b)S=141/241/4+... d)S=24+448+... oF@4+1) 4) 5 (6n? + 3n 1) os d) 5/16 b) Negative ) Cannot be determined <)-37 4) -1/37 www.cetp.pk- = 34|Guidebook an 4 Sclved Past Papers of wer Engineering by OETp Answers of Chapter 6 ~ Sequences and Series a, +9d=349d 39=34+9d n Sy = 5 ay + (n—1)a) 10. Sto =F (203) + 9(4)) = 5(6 +36) = 5 (42) = 210 26 GM = (OVA) = V5 3)20 ‘The given series is an A.P. with common difference 3. We are to find a dg = a, + Sd =5 +5(3) = 20 4)53 ‘The difference of the consecutive terms is in the following order: 3, 4,5,6, So, the difference between 19 and next term will be 7. Thus, the next number (6" term) in the sequence will be 26. 7" term will be 26 + 8 = 34. B® term will be 34 +9 = 43, 9 term will be 43 + 10 = 53. 5)79 Let Ai and A: be two A.Ms between § and 11. Then: 5, Ar, Ax, 11 will be in an AP We have the first term of A.P which is 5. We need to find the common difference. Since 11 is the 4” term of the sequence, we can write: 11=FirstTerm+3d 1s5+3d =2 So, AyeS+#2=7 Ar=5+2(2)=9 6) (e*-1)* deo = Gn expanding the given summation, we get a GP le. Year = ey Pt (me + eyo (-e)7? =e? Sum of the terms on right side of the above equation will be: a Ge Ft ety sume (ftw CO Be attY igebook and Solved Past Papers of wey Engine 35|Gui ein 78 G.M = £2082) = 28 oth 8 and 8 are given in the options. In this case we will always go for the Pitincee | ‘wil be the correct answer. ety, ‘ (+) +@)+@+@) Matas eatestitT t 2 4 8 LY yl 10)2 a2 =19= a+ 11d ayy = 29 = a; + 16d ‘Subtracting 1* equation from 2", we get: 29-19 = 5d 10=5d sd=2 4) a e ny" 1? 1? 1» ns 2) =i) +4) +4) +(-7) # The above series is aG.P with a common ratio oa . sone staat, (ICH) -1(s- abe) 1-r * = 1 1-(- 1t+7 a(t) ) 14d Sum = =-1 www.cetp.pkge[Guidebook and soived Past Papers of NET Engineering by O£TP Here n = 29 is used because there are 29 terms in the given series. 12) Harmonic ‘The reciprocal of the given terms form an ‘Arithmetic series so the given series is a Harmonic series 13) 5/11 ‘Method 1: fan easy way to get the answer is to multiply the denominator ofa fraction with the given decimal and check if t gives the numerator of that fraction oF not. $1 x 0.4545 = 4.9995 approximately equal to 5. Remémber the decimal is never ending. We only multiplied upto 4 decimals so we got 20 approximate answer. ifthe number with infinite decimal digits Is ‘multiplied, it wl give the exact answer- So the correct answer in this case is 5/11 Method 2: aoevpther way i to solve using the sum of infinite geometric series: 0.45454545....= 0.45 + 0.0045 + 0.000045 + ~~ = 45(0.01 + 0.0001 + 0.000001 + ~~) 1 : as. Goat To00 * To00000 * ( ) 140 15) 2/9 0.2 +0.02+0.002 ries is a G.P with 02 _02_2 16) 2n* — a; n Saez +n) hi w= F(a +n) Ont = ay + Oy Gy = 2n? ay 17) 5050 ‘Sum of fist n natural numbers Is glven be: nit) 2 So in this case: Sum = www.oetp-pk ‘earned wit Conca"ll a7IGuidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OETP Is @ Solved Past Papers of NET Engi i e by oF 100(101, Sum = 120001) _ 559 2 18) 2550, letx=244+6+..4100 The above series is an A.P with d = 2 So, _ i) = Soo =F (2 + 100) = 25(102) = 2550 Formula used: 7 Sn = 7 (4; + an) 19) 5/16 AM= eae an: mer) mz 20277 —2 The given series is aG.P withr = 2 a(1—r") 5, =20—t) ir Sum till terms will 2 (1-23) 2G 24) 2 (2-1) = 2-2-2572 21) None of these ‘Away to check is by evaluating a few terms from the given data i . =(- ys =a ‘243 ~ 19683 ‘The terms obtained are not in any of the given sequences. 22) 256, 128, 64, 32. + denotes the common ratio for a G.P. From the given options only option c has a common ratio of 0.5 Common ratio can be obtained by dividing any term of the sequence by its previous term. 23) Divergent ‘The common ratio of given seriesis 1- For a geometric series: If |r] <1 the geometric series converges. 24) 511/32 If [r] 2 1 the geometric series diverges. www.oetp.pk |So 6a ee k and Solved Past Papers of neq Enginee ring by oetp isaG.P.withr =} ind the number of terms: ~ Total number of terms = 9 8 (1-%) UE) | (251) 231 $12-1_ $11 | ai 7 jot = 51 | a z 2! 2 32 32 G.M = Square root (35) = 5.92 Difference = 65.92 = 0.08 | ld =1+(n-1)2=142n-2=2n-1 atural numbers = 8+) $0(S1) ratural numbers = s ) = 25(51) = 1275 Ls i be Ay, Az and As. { be in an AP. 5 Ag=-12.5+5.5= As=-74+5.5 | an A. P.So we can use the sum formula of an A.P: n -1)d) = (2+ 2n-2) =F (2n) =? ‘= VBZ X G22 = 32V2 = 32 x 1.41 = 45.12 re and negative geometric means are given in the options, we choose the positive one. 5 an option of both, then definitely that will be chosen. 1iiijiji.. piatptpt isaG.P withr =yy ved Past Papers of NET Enging, - ook and Sol 8 ering y se [uide? te, a $0.4 = T 32)14/2 The given seriesisan AP with d = 0.5 So, 11 term willbe = 2+ 20(05)= 72 33) 85/16 “2 $0, 35)S=142/2+1/4 Fora geometric serie: IF [rl <1 the geometric series converges. If |r] 21 the geometric series diverges. The only series with |r] <1 isthe series in option B. 36) (4n? 1) First, we need to find the general term for this series. Note that the terms 1, 3,5. common difference 2 and first term 1. So, the general term would be: (4 k=1)x2? somal? (42k = 2 Ty = (2k -1)* Ty = 4k? — 2(2k)(1) +1. Ae bh ed Let, denote the sum of n terms of the given series, then: | | | | | | nana nate ale earned with Camscanoer40PGuidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OTP | =4(PPNGED) (HED) | 6 2 22H t DENY ra ryan 21 +)(2n4+ 1 2 2 t DENY 2 nan 2n(n+D@n+0 a2 (2n? + 2n)(2n + 1) - 6n? —3n 3 ‘Taking “n” common from the numerator. = tl@n+ 2)(2n +1) -6n-3 3 2 SGn? +2n+4n+2~-6n-3) zen =1) 37) 1/5 ‘The Harmonic mean between two numbers a and b is given as: “_ 2ab ath Using the given values, the Harmonic mean between 1/2 and 1/8 becomes: 20)@) att ; a Joo 41 4 38) Negative Note that the terms at odd position are positive and the term at even position Is positive. The given sequence is a G.P with common ratio of ~3. If you find few next terms, the same trend with odd and even terms. 5,-15, 45, - 135, 405, .. 184563214" term is the term at even position and like t be negative. 39)-1/37 The given sequence Is an H.P. The corresponding A.P will be: 8,3,-2,-7, First term of this AP =a, = 8 Common difference = d = 3-8 = ~5 10" term of this A.P will be = a, + 9d = 8 +.9(—5) = ~37 So, the corresponding term of the given 1.P will be ~ 5; he other terms at even position this term will aso www.oetp.pka1[Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OETP Chapter 7 - Permutation, Combination and Probability Two dies are thrown simultaneously. What is the probability that the sum of numbers shown at the top is 5? a) 1/3 by ays a7 yas a) 2) How many diagonals can be formed in a 7-sided polygon figure? ayia baa 19 4)23 3) The probability of picking rotten apples in a box is 1/100. If there are 6 boxes containing 1200 apples, then how many rotten apples would be obtained? a)2 by2a 6 12 4) "Pax C= 96, then n=? aja b)3 oa 4)6 5] Ifa dies rolled twice, what is the probability that the numbers shown on top add up to 8? a) 2/36 by2ya 4/36 4) 5/36 6) Total number of 5 digits formed from 3, 2, 3,4, S such that 1 and § never come next to each other is: 2)24 bas. 972 4) 120 7) Probability of picking a diamond card in a deck of 52 cards is: a) 1/13 baa ) 13/26 d) 12/53 8) _Inhow many ways can letters of the word COCOCOLA be arranged when all letters are to be used? a) 280 by 40320 ) 1120 ) 6720 9) What is the probability of picking a queen ora face card from a set of $2 cards? 3) 14/3 b) 3/13 4/3 a)3/a (n- 1)! 10) GD! a)n+1 b) n/2 e)n-1 d) None of these 11) Probability of any event cannot have the value of: a) 1/5 b/s yz 4) 3/2 32) Tickets numbered 1 to 20 are mixed up and then a ticket Is drawn at random. What is the probability that the ticket drawn has a number which isa multiple of 3 or S? a)3/2 b) 2/5 8/15 4) 9/20 13) How many 6-digit numbers can be formed without repeating any digit from the digits 0, 1, 2,3, 4 and 5? 2) 600 b) 720 96 ) 120 14) tftwo dice are thrown, what is the probability that the sum of dots will add up to an odd number? a) 0.25 bos 0.75 da 15) Find the number of possible arrangements if 6 officers sit on a round table. a) 720 b) 120 ) 60 ae www.oetp.pk@|Guideboo book and Solved past Papers of NET Engiacerine PY oer 1) mane is tossed 4 times in a row, what is the probability that no tail shows up? 1” bs/16 3/16 4) ane is tossed 4 times in a row, what is the probability that at least one tail shows up? b) 11/16 13/16 4) 15/16 18) Ther 4 re are 12 boys and 8 gsi a class. A team of 5 students is to be formed. Find the probability that the team consists of 3 boys and 2 girls. acaxece 1 ors by 2B HEE cama 272 0873 oar, 20cs 20cs 19) Find the number Guayerciated of ways of selecting 11 players from a team of 25 players in which the captain is 3) 300: ) 3003 b) 1001, )1365, ) 165 20) Simplify aln=2 bynt eyn(n= 1)! anton Answers of Chapter 7— Permutation, Combination and Probability ayo Total possible outcomes when two dice are thrown = 36 Fowoteble Outcomes which can result in asum equalto are: (2,4), (4 alto are: (2.4), (4,2), (2,3) Total number of favorable outcomes = 4 Bikts Probability ofthe said event = 4/36= 1/9 2)14 Number of diagonals of an n-sided polygon = °C 9 ar sided figure, nis 7 s0 the numberof agonal willbe = 1-7=21-7 214 3)32 Number of rotten apples per 100= 2 Multiply both sides by 12, we get: Number of rotten apples In 12x 100 (1200) apples =12x1=12 apples aya The better and easy way to solve st which of them satisfy the given equation: "pax"Cr= 96 In the formula of Pr this would make r greater such questions is by substituting the values from options and check ech must always be equal to or less than no inthis case ncannot be 1 or 3b than n. So, we are left with two options: 4 and 6. eae, Forn=4, we get *paxtCs= 96 Jax 42 96 which i true. So, 4 the correct answer 5)5/36 Total number of outcomes = 36 ‘Qutcomes which result In sum equal to B are: (2,61,03,5) (4.4) (5.31, (6.2) So, Total favorable outcomes = 5 www.ocetp.pk “Samat win ConseoN" ved Past Papers of wey ok and Sol "bine idedoo ery Gu ns by sooty of the said event = 5/36 at apes dante Tora tuber Fore nee tne ont, ota digits formed = 4) = 24 Caouucing Sond (Si) sash’ uaki tal digits formed = 4 Sarthe rarnberinwhich 1 and are not nee to each other = Total Numbers Numbers ae Nis eachlhers 120-2624 nR in whic 7a Toulunberoteaés ina deck = 52 Number of diamond cards in a deck = 13, Provacilty of picking a diamond card = 13/52 = 1/4 8)1120 Total Number of letters = 8 Coceurs 3 times O occurs 3 times Numer of arrangements of word COCOCOLA =. 93/13 Total number of cards = 52 Number of queens in a deck = 4 Probability of picking a queen = 4/52 = 1/13 fhamber of Face Cards which are Queen Cardse 4 Frobatity of picking a face card that is also queer Using the formula of u i Number of face cards in deck = | Probability of picking a face card 122418 101 None of these in- 1 22) $/20 Total, nurber of tickets = 29 1 that are multiple of x tickets {3,6,9, 22, 15,18) Jot, hat Ste multiple of§ = 4 (5, 10,45, 20) ate Multiple of and § 1 us)” 70"8 number which muting 913 0r5 = 6/20 4/20~1/20«9/20 Teh < © gt oy a ic, 7 an excepto. so, there sre 5 ays to ee mn ‘ence digit can be filled by any of the remaining "dis b est one by remaining 3 digits, the next one bY " umber that can before are ex naxax201 «6? Www.cetp.pk44|Guidebook and Solved Past p apers of NET Eng ineering by OETP 140s When to dice are thrown the total possible outcomes are 36 ‘The outcomes in which the sum of numbers shown is an odd number are: (2,2), (1,4), (1,6), (2.2), (2,3), (2,5), (3,2), (3,4),(3,6), (4,2), (4,3 {12h ah (LE) (24), (23) (2.5) 8.2). (4.1), (4,3), (4.5), (5,2), (5,4), (5,6) (6.2) (6.3), (6,5) Probability of getting a sum equal to an odd number = 18/36 = 5 15) 120 Fixing one officer at one of the spots, we have to arrange the rest of the 5 officers in remaining 5 places, ‘Number of arrangements oF permutations of 5 objects taken 5 at a time will be = SPS The permutation of n objects taken r at atime is given as: nt! Pr=— w= Gan! Using this formula, we get: st SPS 5!= 120 o 16) 1/16 The number of total possible outcomes for an experiment which is performed “n” times is given as: Total possible outcomes =x" Here, x represents the number of outcomes when the experiment is performed once. In case of a coin toss, there are 2 possible outcomes: Head(H) or Tail(T). So, here x would be 2. This means, when a coin Is tossed 4 times the number of total possible outcomes will be = 2* = 16 ‘Some outcomes from this sample space would be: (HTHH, HHHT, TTTH, TTHH, ...} We have to find the probability that no tail shows up on tossing the coin. There will be only 1 such event shows up on top face Le., when all the sides that show up are heads. This means, the number of favorable outcomes for this case would be 1. Probability of an event is defined as the ratio of favorable outcome to the total number of outcomes. For the given case, the probability that no tal shows up on tossing the coin 4 times in 3 row willbe = 16 in which no tail 17)15/16 The event “Atleast One" is Probability th’.« “Atleast one tail shows up” is Mathematically we can write this as: (Atleast One Tail) = 1-P(No Tall) owing up on throwing a coin 4 times In a row. This prot he complement of event “None”. This means: ‘complement of event that “No tail shows up”. We calculated the probability of no tall st ability is: 4 P(No Tail) = (No Tall) = Using this value in the above equation, gives us: 115 PCA tat (Atleast One Tall) i¢ “16 www.oetp.pkGiGuidenook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by oFTP Note: Whenever you are asked to calculate the probability of “Atleast “None” and subtract that from 1 to get the answer. This would be the e answer. One”, calculate the probability of asiest most approach to the correct 12C3 x 8C2 20C5 This problem involves both combinations and probability. Total number of students = 1248 = 20 Number of students in the team=5, First, we need to find the total number of possible outcomes. Total number of possible outcomes in this case will be a team of any 5 students from a group of 20 students. Choosing 5 students from a group of 20 students Is equivalent to making combination of 20 objects taken 5 ata time. Therefore, total number of possible outcomes = 20C5 Now we need to find the number of favorable outcomes. We have to select 3 boys from group of 12 boys and 2 girls from a group of 8 girls. Number of ways to select 3 boys from 12 boys = 12C3 Number of ways to select 2 girls from 8 girls = 8C2 Total Number of ways to select 3 boys and 2 girls will be = 12C3 x 8C2 Therefore, the number of favorable outcomes = 12C3 x 8C2 Now, we can write the expression for desired probability. The probability of selecting 3 boys and 2 girls from a class of 12 boys and 8 girls wll be: 1203 x 8C2 20€5 18) we have tochoose 12 players from the }5 players such that captain is ways included. As captain is always included, we do not have to choose 1 player in the 11 players. Therefore, we would have to choose 10 players out of 14 players (As captain is already chosen so we are left with 14 players in total). Selecting 10 players from 14 players is equivalent to forming combination of 14 objects taken 10 at atime, which will be equal to = 14C10 14 4213 1211413 XI as ay = goo * yor x @4—40)! a 4xax2x1 Therefore, the number of ways of selecting 11 players from 15 players in a such a way that captain is always included are 1001 ways. 20)n? —n : nt MO MOAB gia —t) on? = =? www.cetp.pki oeTr 451Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering PY Chapter 8 ~ Mathematical induction and Binomial Theorem 1) Sum of coefficients in expansion of (x + y]¥is? a)30 b)32 ¢) 32 d) None of these 2) What is the coefficient of atb* in the expansion (a + b)?? a) 494 b) 495 <) 496 aye? 3) Midterm in the expansion of (3 - 2x)"is: a) 540x* b) -226800° ) 1040x* d) None of these 4) How many terms are there in the expansion of (1+ x)"? a)2 b)n® ena oa 5) ‘What is the coefficient of fourth power of ‘x’ in (2—x)*? a) 60 b) 10 ) 6/4 a2 7 6) The term which is independent of x in (x? - 2) a) No such term b) Middle Term ¢) Last Term 4d) None of these Answers of Chapter 8 - Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem 1)32 Sum of coefficients in a binomial expansion = 2", where n is the exponent. In the given expression n= 5, so the sum of coefficients = 2° = 32 2)495 . ‘The general term of a Binomial expansion of (a + x)" fs given as: Tras = (OO ‘The given expression is: (a + b)'2. The general term for the Binomial expansion of this expression would be: Tra = (2) @?" OF According to this formula, r must be equal to 4 if we want to obtain the term with a®5*, Using r = get: Ter = (‘Z)@Ro = (‘Zoro 4,we tr, 445 (22 so, the coefficient of a®b* i (’y') (2) = 1204= a 495, www.oetp.pk eeook 3 aryouide! 3)-22680% 7 terms in total, the midterm will be at (1+7)/2 = qm there a jal expansion of (a + 2)" is given ar since tei term of 2 Binoml re general rae (Ore Binomial Expansion of gi Position, n expression would be: the a term for ran = (2) C20? = -35(EE) = a4 = \3, -22680x3 +1 oe The number of terms in Binomial Expa ae always 1 more than the exponen, vin pearl in of a Binomial expansion of (a +x)" is given as: T= (()@""ey For the given expression, the general term would be: Tran = (SJOTOX The term with 4” power of x willbe, when r = 4. So, Toor = ($) (3)! = 15(4)(x4) = Gort, Therefore, the coefficient of 4% power of x is 60 6) No such term The Eeneral term ofa Binomial expansion of Ta=(Q@ey Feplacingn with 7, a with x? and x with — in the above equation, we can write hese Biven expression as: ae Ca) Ta (Ja MY (R2x-r) (@+x)"is givens: Trar= (7) 2y Tin =-2(?)steane Trey ==2(?) grey The term wai rl Mb nt TW ca rotated Of, when the exponent of x willbe elo. Tet Neve case, ange OF ARY Positive integer value of r. This means, exponent, “SF6 CN NOt be such term in the expansion which is indepen Www.cetp.pk ‘earned with CarSeanner2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 1) 12) 13) 9 1s) 16y 17) b) cos 2x. ¢) sin ax 4d) cos ax Mf sin(x) = 0.5 where xis in Ast quadrant, find the values of tan(2x) a bya 1.732 )-1.732 The value of sin 13 cos 77 + cos 13 sin77 =? ajo bya €) cos 26 d) sin 26 ‘The value of cosine of an angle is -0.5. What will be the value for half of that angle for sine? aos b)-os 0.866 4)0.707 Period of Sin(3x) is a)n b)2n m2 4) an/3 What is the sine inverse of sin(n 2)? aya b) n/2 radians €) 90 degrees 4) Both b and c What is the domain of the inverse cosecant function? i a)[-1,) dR )R-(-1,1) )(-1,1) cos(-6) = a) cos(-8) b) -cos(@) ¢) cos(6) d) -cos(-6) Evaluate: (cos x)(sin x Mtan x}(cot x){cse: x) a) cos x b) Asecx ¢) Botha and b d)sinx <0, y Thus,cosx = 33) n/2 7s tan? A+ tan"! B = tan” : a) $0, tan? x + tan’ eles (ne aa af 1 9 lS undefined, so we are to find the angle whose tangent isundefined.tan(z) is undefined, som is the asnwer. 34)0.5 35)-cos 2x sin?x +cos?x =1 $0, the given equation becomes equal to: (sin? x — cos? x) —1(cos? x — sin? x) = —cos2x 36) 0.866 cos '(-1/2) = 120° x/2= 60 37) tan(45+x) tan(45 +x) tan45+tanx _1+tanx 38) 120 degrees 39) 40) - square root 3 Let the angle bex, —tanx=V3 x= tan"? ¥3 = 60° 2x = 120° tan 120 = V3 43) All of these Let, w(t) $0, sinx == won ae = fob 4 www.oetp.pkS7|Guidebook an 1 k and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OETP Also, sin“ 6 onierG)=ae-G) Similarly,cos"* 9 = sec“? @ 3 s0,cos~* ce} = sec"? () 42) 2sinacos a 43)i 1+ tan? x= sec? x 1—sin?x = cos*x so, (1 + tan? x)(1—sin?x) = sec? x (cos*x) = 1 44) /4 sin t—cos t can be zero when: 2) elther both sin(t) and cos(t) are zero 2) or both are equal Sin(t) and cos(t) cannot both be zero for the same value of angle. However, they can be equal when ten/4 sin (n/4) = €05 (n/4) = 35 45) 60 ‘Sum of angles of a triangle = 180 degrees. so, 40 +80 +3" angle = 180 3" angle = 180-40-80 = 60° 46) odd Replacing x with -x, we get flex) - fC) = fx) ~ fl So, f(x) f(-x) is odd ({(x) ~ f(-x)) = Negative of original function. 47) cosec*x 48) -10 . Cos{180)=-1 sin(270)=-1 0s(270)=0 see{180)=-1 _cosec{270) Using these values In the given expression we get: Cos(180) + 4sin(270) + 3cos(270) + sec{180) + cosec(270) = -1 + 4(-1)+ 340) + (-1) + 4(-1) = - 10 49) 1 radian 50) 13.89 ' ‘Since we are given two sides and an Include c? =a? +b? —2abcosy Using the values, we get: 2 = 72 +9? —2(7)(9) cos(120) = 193 www.ocetp.pk «dangle we can use the law of cosines to solve this question.ETP band solved past Papers of NET Engineering DY ss|Guidebook and solved = 1389 51) cos (2x) 2 > 2 sin?x — cos?x ~ sin? x : an? 2y—sin?x . petanty 1 SOGE SEASSNE _ cost x asin? _ cost SIX 2 cag? x ~ sin? x 1 joes = tos =o T+tanx ‘sintx cos?x sin? x cos? x + sin? x 1 * cost x cos? x = cos(2x) 52) Circumcirele 53) 28 To answer this question, you must remember the values of basic trig ‘of 0, 30, 45, 60 and 90 of all 6 trigonometric functions. For this question we need the values of cosine only. onometric functions i.e., the values cosO=1 cos 30 8 0.866 1 cos 45 = — = 0.707 05 45 = = 0.70 cos60 =5=05 z cos90 = 0 Let the unknown angle be x. We are given that cosx = 0.88 From the above values we can see that 0.88 is closest to 0.866. This means, the value of x must be somewhere near 30. The only option near 30 Is 28, therefore, this Is the correct answer. ‘Always use this same strategy when faced with such a similar question in the test. 54) 1 ‘The period of basic trigonometric functions are: Period of Sine = Period of Cosine = Period of Cosec = Perlod of Secant = 27 Period of Tan = Period of Cot = rr 55) x/4, 51/4 sin(x) = cos(x) sinx cosx tanx tan x Is equal to 1 In first quadrant for 45 degrees and in 3” of these angles in radians Is 1/4 and Srr/4 quadrant for 225(180+45) degrees. Measure 56) —tanx cos and sec are even trigonometric functions while fasion sin, cosec,cot and tan are odd trigonometric For an even function: f(—2) = f(x) For an odd function: f(—x) = —f(x) Since, ¢an Is an odd function, tan(—x) wil be equal to — tan(x)* 57) «/3,5n/3 www.cetp,pkS8[Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of yey, Fines iy Sy If sec“2(2) = x, this means: sec(x) = ts, 1 cos(x) o ; = cos(x) Remember that cos is positive in 1" and 4 quadrant only. For 1 quadra cos(x) = 1/2 is 60 degrees of x/3 radians, the value og The corresponding value in 4 quadrant willbe calculated as: ‘tang 360 - 60 = 300 degrees Or Sr 2n-F = Pradians So, the set of correct answers will be: ‘60, 300 in degrees or 1/3, 57/3 in radians, 58)-0.5 210 degrees lies in 3% quadrant and value of sin is negative in 3 quadrant. We can rete te 7 eat as: sin(210) = sin(180 +30) Using the rule: sin(re +3) We can writ sin(210) = —sin(30) = -0.5 59) — 2 cot(8) esc(@) | sec(@) , _sec(@) | T¥sec(6) * 1—sec(@) } sec(9) (1 - sec(9)) + sec(#) (1 + sec(0)) = 1=sec*(@) sec(0) ~ sec®(9) + sec(0) + sec?(0) 1 = sec?(6) 2sec(o) “T= sec*(0) | | Using the Pythagorean Identity: 1+ tan?(6) = sec?(0) = 4 1=sec?() = —tan? (0) The above equation becomes equal to: 2sec(o) __2sec(0) T=sec?(0) ~ =tan?@) www.cetp.pkas 60|Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of net Enginee ring by oerp oe es) in=(8) ‘cos%(@) 2 cos?(6 “0s(6) * (- sin2(0 ~2cos(@) sin?(@) cos(8) 1 in(@) “ sin(@) = ~2cot(6) cse(0) 60) /2 To find the period of any trigonometric function, set the argument of given function equal to period of ‘same basic trigonometric function and find the corresponding value of 9. This value of @ will be the period of the given function. The argument of given function sin(40) is 40 and the period of sin function fs 2, So, we have: 49 =2n 40=5 This is the period of the elven function 61)n/2 Remember the following inverse trigonometric identities: ™ sin“*(x) + cos"*(2) => k tan™*(x) + cot*(x) = 5 esc“2(x) + sec7*(x) = 3 62) Parallel | ‘The "Side Splitter" Theorem says that Ifa line intersects two sides of a triangle and is parallel to the third side of the triangle, it divides those two sides proportionally. 63) 4 sin(x) cos3(x) — 4sin3(x) cos(x) Using the double angle identity: sin(20) = 2sin@ cos 8, we can write the given expression as: sin(4x) = sin(2(2x)) = 2sin(2x) cos(2z) ‘Again, using the same identity, we can write: | 2sin(2x) cos(2x) = 2[2 sin(x) cos(x)] cos(2x) = 45in(x) cos(x) cos(2x) www.oetp.pkSIGuldebook and solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OfTP Using the double angle identity of cosine: cos(20) = cos? @ — sin? 0, w Uae el 5(20) = cos? 0 —sin?O, we can write the previous 4 sin(2) cos(x) cos(2x) = 4 sin(x) cos(x) (cos®(x) — sin*(x)] = 4sin(x) c0s*(x) ~ 4 sin®(x) cos(x) —cos(8x) 64) ———_— D Tr sineay Multiplying and dividing by sin(4z) + cos (4x), we get Sin(4x) ~ cos(4x) _ sin(4x) ~cos(4x) _ sin(4x) + cos(4x) sin(4x) + cos(4x) ~ Sin(4x) + eos(4x) * Sin(4x) + cos(4x) = Sin? (4x) — cos?(4x) - =(cos*(4x) = sin?(4x)) GSin(4x) + cos (4x)? ~ sin®(4x) + cos*(4x) + 2 sin(4x) costs) Using the identities: cos? @ ~ sin? @ = cos(20) sin? 0 + cos?@ =1 2sin@ cos @ = sin(2@) We can write the previous expression as: =(cos*(4x) ~sin?(4x)) =cos(8x) ‘Sin®(4x) + cos*(4x) + 2sin(4x) cos(4x) ~ 1 sin(Gx) 65)2 sin (£2) cos (2) Remember these formulas for sum and difference of Sines and Cosines: Sin(P) + Sin(Q) = P+ sinP + sinQ = 2sin(“Z*) + cosP —cosQ = 66) 4 Period of tan(x) isn and the period of sin (2) is 4n. The period of f(x) willbe the LCM of these individual periods. The LCM or The Lowest Common Multiple of mand 4n Is “4r”. This means, the period of f(x) = tan(x) + sin(#) isan www.ocetp.pk62|Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Eng 67) 45, 135, 225, 315 Tangent and Cotangent have the same value at 45 degrees in the first quadrant. This value Is equal to 1. This pattern repeats in all the quadrants, the general solution for tan(x) = cot(x) can be written as: x, ke xegty ‘Where, k is an integer. In degreed this solution can be written as: x = 45 + 90k, Where k is an integer For the given interval [0, 360}, the values of x will be: x= 4549000 45 +90(1) = 135 x= 45490(2 45 +90(3) = 315 68) 1— tan?(x) = sec?(x) The 3 Pythagorean Identities are: sin? x +cos?x =1 1+ tan? x = sec? x 1+ cot? Based on these, we can see that the equation in 2% choice is a wrong one. = esc?x 69) 17 — The hypotenuse ofa Right-Angled Triangle forms the diameter of ts clrcumelrle, and the elreumnett the midpoint of hypotenuse. This means circumradius Is always equal to half of the length hyp. a Right-Angled Triangle. 70) 30 we ‘can express the area of a triangle in terms of measures of two sides and an included angle. Area = doe sing ‘We will be using: Area = 2absiny Substituting the values, we get: 400 = 2x 20 x 80 x siny __2x400_1 siny = 29x60 2 y=sirt(3) y=30 71) Parallelogram ‘circle can be inscribed in a square. When a circle is inscribed ina square, the length of each side of the ‘square ls equal to the diameter of the crcl. A circle can be inscribed in a Rectangle. A circle inscribed in a rectangle touches rectangle with its ends ke., the larger sides of the rectangle are tangent to the circle, Acircle can be inscribed in a Triangle. In this case, all three sides of the tri ‘The only choice we are left with is Parallelogram. A circle cannot be insaibed inn Genk oe: ofits geometry and angles being not equal to 90 degrees, Parallelogram because 72)(0, nm), y # 1/2 Range of y = sec™*(x) is: (0, m], y # m/2 Domain of y = sec“(x) isx > —1,orx <1 Range of y = ese™"(x) is:[=n/2, 1/2], y #0 the larger side of the Www.cetp.pk ineering by OETP |= ST. _ 831Gvidebook an Solved Past papers of wet Engineering by Domain of y = ese’ 73) 20V3 ‘We can represent the given scenario in picture form as shown below: “a) sx S—torxz1 ase ‘We have a right-angled triangle. the ladder forms the hypotenuse ofthe rght-angled triangle, We Rave 2 ‘measure of an angle and the side opposite to the angle, Remember that “si” relates the opposite i°e and hypotenuse as: Opposite sing = Pee Hypotenuse = 30X2 _3*10%2 _ Fy 10x 22208 EG 74) cos(Vx) | sin?(x) = 5 (1 —cos(2x)) Since, cos(2x) is periodic with a period equal to 7, sin?() will also be a periodic function. sin(2x) is a periodic function with a period equal to 27. Multiplying it with any constant number willbe no effect on its periodicity. So, 4 sin(x) is a periodic function, s(x) is aperiodic function, and all the variations of cos(x) of the form cos(kkx) are aso periodiew®™? period equal to 2rr/k. So, period of cos(2x) will be 2/2 = m. This leaves us with only one choice cos(YZx). First thing to note is that square root Is not defined negative values. So, in cos(y/Z) value of x must be equal to or greater than 0. There exists no such Tfor which cos(Vk +) = cos(y). This means, cos(y/x) is not a periodic function. www.oetp.pkGt|Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OTe 1m 2" Year Mathematics Chapter 1 ~ Functions and Limits Questions. 3) 16f(9)= ele) and gle) is inverse of f(x), what willbe the value of (1)? a)0 bye a d)int 2) WMG) ==, find the value orm a2 oS gt 4)0 3) IA) = (x + 1)? and g(x) = x~1, find f(e(4)) aya b)36 25 ao 4) Evaluate: lim ( ayv6 oe Jo d) Limit does not exist 5) Evaluate: tim (1-2) ale byew* cje? dye? 6) A function is said to be even when: 2) x) = fe) b) fx) = fox) ) ex) = fx) 4) ox) flex) sana jn (2) ajo b)1 c-t 4d) None of these 8) fle) =2x+3/ etx) =x, find goF a) 243 b) (2x +3) ¢) 2x? d) None of these » 2) (—22,=2) U (-1,) b) (-2,-1) dxz-1 ) (20, 00) 10) Find 4) of fe) = 205 ae b)3* )(x#) 4) Both aandc 11) If Domain of a function f(x) = x? Is (1, -1, 0, 2, -2}, find Its range a) (1,0, 4) ) (1,0, -4) ¢){1,1,0,4, 4) d) (1, 1,0, -4, 4) fe 12) Determine if the following function Is even or odd: a) Even b) odd c)Either even orodd d) Allof these 33) fx isa real number, which of the following function Is odd? a) ~sin(x) 1b) -cos(x) ) Ix} djes—1 14) f(s) = 2, find the value of f(x +2) www.oetp.pkS51Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by ote aja bs a2 ao 15) Vertical asymptotes of the graph fx) = 5-2 occur at a)x=-2 b)x=2 chy=2 4d) Botha and b 16) Evaluates tim 06%) 1 ao be ous 4) Does not exist Paras 7) tim (#29) — 14, find the value ofa a)-8 bjs d-12 d)12 ion (322082) 28) yy (2) = ajo ba joo ) Does not exist 19) IF f(x) is continuous , find the values of a and b. £G) = ax? +2x41,x52 PQ) =2x4b,x>2 ala=2bea b)a=0,b=1 ja=1,b=3 d)a=-1b=5 20) FG) = x? +1, g(x) = Sx +1, find F(X) a)25x7+10x4+2 b)5x? +6 )SxP+x7+Sx4+1 d) (x? + 1)?(5x +1) sin(60)) 2) jim) = ajo b6 ove d) Does not exist Answers of Chapter 1— Functions and Limits 11 Since f(x) = g(x) and g(x) is the inverse of f(x), this means f(x) Is the inverse of its own self. Such a self- inverse function Is known as involution. Common examples are: i) fx) =x and ii) x) = 1x Inverse of these functions are equal to the original functions. F(x)=x and li) P(x) = 4)’ Since in the given question f(x) = g(x), we can write: B(x) = f(x) =x Considering example i) only @'(x) = Fx) =x e(i=f(tj=a 2. www.cetp.pkg by OFTF 66IGw. 5% i Is Siok and Solved past Papers of NET Eneineet sxaag ft Replacing x with f(y), we get: rash iy rash x “19 0 x?43x42>0 xt 42xtx42>0 @H2I@t+N>0 The checkpoints are x = —2andx = ~1. (x+2)(¢ +1) =O atx =—2andx= For any value of x <-2,(x+2)(%+ 1) >0 For any value of x between ~2 and —1,(x +2)(x +1) <0 For any value of x > -1,(x +2)(x+1) >0 xe +2) 41x +2) >0 So, for x < Zor x > ~1,the denominator ts greater than 0 Therefore the Domain ls:(—o,~2) U (1,00) 10)8othaande Inverse of x3 is VX or x3, which makes option a the correct one. ip we sgl the coptene(8)"" = (A) = 2820 options lo the crrect nsw Therefore both and cae he atest anne. 12) (1,0, 4) We are given a set of values from the Domain, we can find the range by finding the value of the function atthese values fi) =e faye (ayea f0)=0'=0 f= ‘Therefore, the values in the range are: (1, 0,4) Note: You have to write each value in the range only once. A-2) = (24 Let g(x) = 12)0dd ~f@)-fCo . 2 Replace each occurrence of xin the given function with-x to checkif the function is even or odd ne ge fPIC) JEN), =1E 9) Since g(—x) = — g(a), the given function is odd. 13)~sin(x) For an odd function: f{-x) = -f(x). We must check each of the options one by one to find which satisfy this condition hol (ox) = sinox) = 4+ sin(x)) f(x) =~ cox fixl= | For ffx) =e'-1 fx)ser=1 342 ‘The function is defined as ffx) = 2 This a constant function, which means for all values ofx the value of fx) wil always Pe Hence this function Is ‘odd Hence this function Is Even Hence this function EV This function Is neither even! ‘Le, even if the value of xis changed by adding 2, the value of f(x) will stil be 2. Wwww.cetp.pkca|Guidebook and Solved Past Papers of NET Engineering by OFTF ‘The graph of (x) will bea horizontal line passing through the point (0,2) 15)x = -2 G2) (-2) G4) &+2G-2) Verical asymptotes occur at the value where the denominator Is zero. So, inthe given east the vertical symptotes can occur at x= 2 and x=-2. However, if both numerator and denominator 2v¢ zero for the fame value, we get a hole at that point instead of a vertical asymptote. Therefore, the given rational expression will have a hole at x= 2 and vertical asymptote at 2 16)6 sin(6x) _ ,,_ 6 sin(6x) sin(6x) gS ~ wy = cue = 60-6 78 € f+ax—33 tin (—— Fal x-3 Notice that we cannot substitute the value of x= 3 directly Inte the expression, else the denominator vill be O and the result would be undefined. We can use the ‘alternate method of taking derivative of -wimerator and denominator separately, and then using the value of x. uo SE) in| a £e-9 ax+ =n FP) = lim 2 +a) =6+a We are given the value of this limit to be equ 6+a=14 14-6=a a=8 jal to 14, This gives Us: 18)0 ol) ‘Multiplying and dividing by 1+ 05%, we Bet: Ancosx | 1+ cos lim xi tees) Pay “TF cosx = tn 1—cos?x E(x q+ e052) www.cetp.pk