1. WHAT ARE THE TRANSPORTATION MODES? GIVE THE ADVANTAGE OF EACH MODE.

Road transportation provides a faster and less costly means of transporting goods over short distances.
With options like groupage transport, road transportation provides more flexibility in adjusting to
delivery timings as well as to delivery periods and package number. Road transportation is unrestricted.
Trucks may transport a variety of goods, including cold goods, heavy machinery, small packages, and
items that are combustible or poisonous. IT is a direct service that doesn't need any additional
equipment, making it perfect for the transportation of perishables.

Rail transportation has several benefits, including a large carrying capacity, low cost, dependability,
minimal impact on the environment, safety, and independence from traffic congestion. It is a preferred
mode of transportation, particularly when transferring heavy and lengthy loads.

Air transportation is one of the fastest ways of transportation in the smallest amount of time possible,
airplanes can transport people, mail, and lightweight cargo to far-off locations. The benefits include
being able to travel quickly, having access to a wide range of aircraft for various uses, and being able to
fly to practically any location on Earth.

Water transportation has its advantages because If you need to transfer large quantities of products
inexpensively, shipping them by barge or ship is a wonderful alternative. Despite being the slowest
option, water transportation is fuel-efficient, environmentally friendly, and capable of transporting large
quantities of cargo of virtually any size or weight.

Pipeline transportation has its advantages when it comes to huge volumes of materials, including oil and
natural gas, it may be transported over great distances via pipelines. Pipelines can be installed across
challenging terrain and even underwater, which is an advantage of pipeline transportation.

2. WHAT ARE DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS? EXPLAIN EACH CHANNEL.

Distribution channels are the network of paths and procedures that a business use to move its goods
from the point of origin to the final consumers. These pathways, from initial manufacture to final
distribution, show how a product moves through the whole supply chain.

Wholesaler is a person whose business is to purchase things in large numbers and resell them to smaller
customers. Wholesalers are essential players in the supply chain for the majority of goods, purchasing
things in large quantities from producers and reselling them to retailers and other businesses. Wholesale
distributors are responsible for acquiring goods, storing them, preparing them for sale to their customers
and then delivering them.

Retailer refers to the process through which purchasers purchase goods and then resell them to
consumers, as opposed to suppliers or wholesalers, for their own use. Between the wholesaler and the
customers, the retailers act as an intermediary. They buy products from wholesalers and sell them in
small quantities to final clients.
Distributor is a business that sells products to retail establishments or other businesses. A distributor is a
business that purchases non-competing goods or product lines and then sells them directly to
consumers. The majority of distributors also offer a variety of services like technical assistance, warranty
coverage, and service. Distributors play a crucial role in helping manufacturers reach markets they could
not otherwise pursue.

E-commerce, often known as electronic commerce, is the exchange of goods and services as well as the
sending of money and data through an electronic network, most commonly the internet. These business
dealings can be either B2B (business-to-business), B2C (business-to-consumer), C2C (consumer-to-
consumer), or C2B.

3. YOU ARE THE LOGISTICS MANAGER OF COMPANY ABC. HOW WOULD YOU DECIDE FOR TRANSPORT
COST? WHAT ARE YOUR CONSIDERATIONS OR PARAMETERS?

If i were the logistics manager of company ABC, my first move will be to rethink our delivery routes.
Considering a variety of factors while planning our delivery routes, such as whether there is a heavy
volume of deliveries to a particular area. Reevaluating our routes will result in cost savings for our
business because it will make it easier to see inefficient procedures, mistakes, and squandered money.
My next move will be examine the effectiveness of our equipment. The majority of the equipment used
in handling and storage includes forklifts, pallets, and conveyor belts. We must continually assess the
performance of these components if we want to cut our logistics costs. This will help us find bottlenecks
and extra workloads that could increase the cost of our processes. if i were to decide for transport cost,
i will choose the best form of transport. I must evaluate a variety of elements while choosing the best
mode of transportation, including the distance to be traveled, the quantity of goods to be transported,
and the cost of each option. Because of this, we will be able to replace rail for air, for instance, for closer
deliveries. Examining different modes of transportation, such as motorbikes or bicycles, is equally
fascinating. The costs of logistics include handling, distribution, and storage. These procedures are
essential to the efficient operation of our company.

It's crucial to understand how to cut our logistical expenses without sacrificing the caliber of our
business's offerings. But by doing this, we will be able to enhance both of our customer service and our
rate of return.