Subjects of para number one

Surat al-baqrah

This is the second Surah of The Quran but 87th in terms of revelation.

Surah Al-Baqarah is the longest Surah of the Holy Quran and the first Surah revealed in Madina
Munawara.

In this surah, the principles and rules of individual and collective life, worship, politics,
economics and sociology of Muslims have been described.

There is a verse in this surah in which Allah's personality, oneness and important attributes
have been described.This is Ayat al-Kursi.

This Surah is named Baqarah (cow) because cow is mentioned in this Surah.

All the Surahs of the Quran have been revealed gradually according to Allah’s will and for the
guidance of Rasool Allah on different stages of Prophecy and their names have been given
according to easy understanding.

According to hadith: Reported by Imam Nasa'i: Hazrat Abu Huraira narrated: The Messenger of
Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do not make your houses graveyards,evil runs
away from the houses, where Surah Al-Baqarah is recited.

Hazrat Huzaifa narrates: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: We
are superior to (other) people for three reasons.

All the earth has been made a mosque (place for worship) for us, its soil has been made a
source of purity for us, our rows are like the rows of the angels and we have been given the last
verses of this Surah, which came directly, under Allah’s throne. These verses have never been
given to anyone before and it will never be given to anyone after me.

In the second verse of Surah Baqarah, it is stated that if someone ponders the message of the
Quran with an open mind and heart, then they will realize there are no doubts in this book.

The infidels and polytheists of Makkah used to deny that the Qur'an was the word of Allah and
used to say, it was created by the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him).Therefore,In verses 23 and 24 of Surah Baqarah, all such opponents and deniers were
challenged that if you doubt that the Qur'an is the word of Allah, and you are proud of your
eloquence, then all of you should come together to produce a narrative like this, and so far there
is no reference in the history that this challenge was ever accepted. Therefore the Qur'an
decisively declares that you were never capable to do this work nor you ever will be.
Verse No:3 to 5 mentions the qualities of believers, faith in the unseen, standing in prayer,
charity for the sake of Allah, faith in Allah’s books and faith in the Hereafter.

Verses 5 and 6 mentions those people whose disbelief is obvious and open, they do not hide
their disbelief, and they have gone so far in their disobedience that it is now impossible for them
to accept hidayat. Their disbelief has reached to the height that their hearts and minds have lost
the ability to accept the truth and the seal of eternal shame and badness has been put on them.

The hypocrites are mentioned in verses 8 to 20,These are the people whose intentions and
actions are contradictory, they claim faith for worldly interests, but their hearts are devoid of true
faith.

Allah Ta'ala has explained their condition, through more than one example. Also they think they
are deceiving Allah Ta'ala and the believers, but in fact it is their self-deception and its calamity
will come upon them.

In verse number: 21 and 22, Allah’s unity is preached, and staying away from shirk (believe in
more than one Gods) has been ordered. By describing Various bounties of Allah, it is stated that
Allah gives life and death and eventually everyone has to present in his court.

In verses 23 and 24, the non precedence of the Quran and inability of people to bring text like
this is mentioned. It is the nature of the Quran that it makes opponents understand some issues
with examples. Therefore in verse 26, it is stated that size of object in examples doesn’t matter,
it's the relevance which is important .

Verse No:30 to 39:, Allah Almighty announced, In front of the angels that I am making Adam
my caliph on earth. The angels, according to their understanding, submitted to Allah Almighty
that the sons of Adam will cause mischief on earth. , will shed blood and O Allah! We are always
engaged in your aggrandizement and consecrate.
Allah Ta'ala said: I know secrets and wisdom, you do not know, and then by giving him extreme
knowledge, He proved the excellence and superiority of Adam over the angels.
Then the angels were ordered to prostrate to Adam and all the angels except cursed Iblees,
obeyed the order without hesitation.

This prostration(Sajda) was not worship, but "sajda ta'azimi”. It is also mentioned in the story of
Hazrat Yusuf, and "sajda ta'azimi" was permissible in the Sharia of these Prophets, but in the
sharia of the Prophet (PBUH), prostration of respect is not permissible, but rather forbidden.

Some scholars have explained that this Sajdah was actually for Allah Ta'ala, and Hazrat Adam
was the direction of Sajda to make Hazrat Adam great and respected , like the Kaaba black
stone is great and respected because of the direction of Sajda.

Then Hazrat Adam and Eve alhesalam entrance to Paradise and permission to enjoy all the
bounties except one tree they were not supposed to go near is mentioned.
Along with this, Iblis' refusal of prostrating Adam, whispering in the hearts of Adam and Eve,
and causing them to slip and expel from Paradise, then Hazrat Adam's was shown words of
repentance, and acceptance of repentance due to these words is mentioned.
These words of repentance are mentioned in Surah Al-A'raf, verse number: 23: "O our Lord, we
have done wrong to our lives, so if You do not forgive us and have mercy on us, then we will be
among the losers.

After that, in several verses, the children of Israel and their various types of covenant violations,
different rewards for them and different ways of their disobedience have been described.

First, Allah Ta'ala mentioned the blessings He sent down on them, which are: saving them from
the rule and genocide of the Pharaoh and the Pharaohs, splitting the sea for them to reach the
Sinai Valley, and shading them with clouds for a long time in the Sinai Valley, sending them
food in the form of Manna and Salwa,release of twelve springs for twelve tribes by striking the
rock with the stick of Hazrat Musa alhesalam, finding of a killer by touch of a deceased to
slaughtered cow, making them more respected people during their times, many prophets
belong to Bani Israel, etc.

Then after that, there was a detailed description of their rebellion, the details of which are:
breaking the promise made with Allah Almighty, contradiction in the words and actions of their
scholars, for greed of worldly wealth, they would change or hide the divine commandments for
influential people. When Hazrat Mussa ahlesalam went to Mount Tur, in his absence they
started worshiping the calf in his absence, Decreasing the high value of manna and salwa,
instead of ready made heavenly food, asking for wheat, vegetables, cucumbers, lentils and
onions ,i.e. (the produce of the land) like rejecting, higher value over low values, killing the
Prophets unjustly, violating the sanctity of the Sabbath day, raising many questions about
slaughtering of cow, instead of obeying the simple order. Changing the text and meanings of
divine text, hiding the signs of the Sayyidina Muhammad Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam,
described in the Torah and Injeal (Bible). Learn and use magic to create differences between
husband and wife,
By using dual meaning words and signs, try to insult Rasool Allah peace be upon him.

Therefore, in verse number: 104, Allah said : "O people of faith! (When you do not understand
something of the Prophet,) then do not say, "Raa'ina"(that is, make allowances for us, because
the Jews and the hypocrites use this word to disrespect and insult ). So say: O Messenger of
Allah! Pay attention to us and (it’s more respectful if you focus and) Listen carefully, (from
beginning). This means momins are not allowed to use words for his respects which others can
exploit for his disrespect.

Verse No: 55 stated that repentance for the crime of worshiping the calf was accepted in such a
way that they were blinded and thousands of them killed each other with their own hands,
Verse No: 56 stated that people of Sabbath faces were distorted and turned into humiliated and
despised monkeys, then they died.

The Bani Israel carries enomisity with Jibraeel-e-Amin because punishment was usually sent
down through him. So Allah said: Jibreel and Michael reveal Allah's commands, so whoever is
their enemy, is Allah's enemy.

The complacency of the people of Israel was also rejected that they are the beloved of Allah
Ta'ala without any privilege and that Jews and Christians have a monopoly on the Hereafter and
Paradise.

The believers were told that until you follow the wishes of the Jews and Christians, they will not
be satisfied with you,

Verse No:123 of Surah Al-Baqarah and the following verses mention the elevation of Hazrat
Ibrahim Alhesalam to the position of Imamate.
It is mentioned that Hazrat Ibrahim and Ishmael Alhesalam built the House of Allah and after the
construction of the House of Allah, they prayed to Allah Almighty: O our Lord, among them (the
people of Makkah),send a great Prophet, who will recite your verses to these people and teach
them the Book and wisdom and reform their souls.

That is why the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, used to say that I am the
prediction of Hazrat Esa alhesalam and the fruit of the prayer of Hazrat Ibrahim ahlesalam.

After that, Hazrat Ibrahim's Ahlesalam offsprings Hazrat Ishmael ahlesalam , Hazrat Ishaq
ahlesalam, Hazrat Yaqub ahlesalam, and their descendants Hazrat Musa alhesalam, Hazrat Isa
ahlesalam and briefly other prophets are mentioned.

And also the people of faith believe in all Prophets and do not make any differentiation in their
faiths.

also Hazrat Ibrahim ahlesalam, Hazrat Ismail ahlesalam, Hazrat Ishaq Ahlesalam, Hazrat
Yaqub Ahlesalam, and their descendants were not Jews and Christians, but all of them were the
flag bearers of the same religion of Islam and it’s claimant.

And in these verses, it is also mentioned that the polytheists of Makkah and the People of the
Book despite clear proof of his truthfulness and Prophecy did not believe in the Messenger of
Allah (peace be upon him) as why Allah chose him instead of them?

In other words, their rejection of the Prophet's Messengership was not based on any popular
excuse, ignorance, strong suspicion, or valid evidence, and the inner motive behind it was the
jealousy of their hearts as to why they were not chosen for this blessing.
Therefore, if someone describes the signs of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him) mentioned in the Torah, the Jews would say to him: "Do you tell them (Muslims) the
(truthful) things that Allah has revealed to you?(Surah Al-Baqarah: 76)"

In these verses, this fact was disclosed: "Before this (the declaration of Prophecy of Rasool
Allah), they used to pray for victory (with waseela of Rasool Allah)against the infidels, and when
those whom they recognized came to them, they disbelieved with them,
(Baqarah:89)".
Allah Ta'ala said: "Allah Ta'ala makes special with His mercy whom He wills".

These verses also mention the pointless demands of the polytheists of Makkah and the People
of the Book: Why does Allah Almighty not speak to us? why does no direct sign come to us?, or
the demands of the Israelites from Hazrat Musa Ahlesalam, that we should see Allah openly?
All such things are done as short arguments, not as completion of arguments for the acceptance
of truth.