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Soil Classification Examples

1. The document provides steps to classify soils into Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) groups based on sieve analysis data and plasticity characteristics. 2. Example classifications included gravel (GW), sand (SW-SM), sand (SM), fine material (clay, CH), and gravel with clay (GC). 3. Key properties used were percent passing various sieve sizes, plastic limit, liquid limit, and positions on a plasticity chart. Grain size distribution curves were also mentioned for some classifications.

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28 views

Soil Classification Examples

1. The document provides steps to classify soils into Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) groups based on sieve analysis data and plasticity characteristics. 2. Example classifications included gravel (GW), sand (SW-SM), sand (SM), fine material (clay, CH), and gravel with clay (GC). 3. Key properties used were percent passing various sieve sizes, plastic limit, liquid limit, and positions on a plasticity chart. Grain size distribution curves were also mentioned for some classifications.

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hawer sarwat
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Notes: -
1. % of gravel =100-% passing #7.
2. % of sand =% passing #7- % passing #200.
3. If the sieve No.7 not found in stack of sieves, we can used: -
4. % of silt=% passing #200- % passing (0.002mm).
5. % of clay=% passing for (0.002mm).
% passing #10-% passing #4
6. % passing #7= 2 .
7. If the sieve No.7 and No.10 not found in stack of sieves, then (#4=#7).
8. If the sieve No.7 and No.4 not found in stack of sieves, then (#10=#7).
Example1:- Classify the following soils in to USCS:-
% Passing (% finer)
Sieve No. Dia.(mm)
Soil A Soil B Soil C Soil D
3/8// 9.5 60 100 76 100
7 2.411 30 98 69 100
25 0.599 10 60 54 100
52 0.295 5 30 47 95
100 0.152 3 20 37 69
200 0.075 0 10 30 56
0.03 - 0 23 43
0.01 - - 15 40
0.005 - - 10 38
0.002 - - 7 31
L.L % 35 37 45 55
P.L % 30 30 30 25

Sol:-
For Soil A: -
Check #200 ⇒ % passing=0% <50%
∴ Soil is coarse (G or S).
Check #7 and #200
% G =100-% passing #7=100-30=70%
%S = % passing #7 -%passing #200=30-0=30%.
Since % G >% S ⇒ the soil is Gravel (G).
Check #200 again ⇒ % Passing =0% <5%
∴ Case (find Cu & Cc) (must drawing grain size distribution curve for calculation
D10, D30, D60).
D 60 9 .5
Cu= = =15 . 86
D 10 0 .599
( D 30 )2 (2 . 411)2
Cc= = =1 . 0215
D 60∗D 10 9 .5∗0 . 599
Since the soil is gravel, Cu=15.86 > 4 and 3 > Cc >1
The soil is well graded W.
∴ Soil A is GW.
For soil B: -
Check #200 ⇒ % passing=10% <50%
∴ Soil is coarse (G or S).
Check #7 and #200
% G =100-% passing #7=100-98=2%
%S = % passing #7 -%passing #200=98-10=88%.
Since % S >% G ⇒ the soil is Sand (S).
Check #200 again ⇒ % Passing =10%, ranged between (5-12) %.
∴ Go to cases,

Find Cu, Cc
L.L =37, P. L=30 ∴ PI=37-30=7
By using Plasticity chart
2 2
D60 0.59 (D30) (0.295) ∴M

Cu= = =7.8 ¿6 ¿Cc= = =1.9¿1¿ ∴ soil is SM

D10 0.076 D60∗D10 0.076∗0.59


∴ soil is SW
∴ Soil is (SW- SM)

For Soil C: -
Check #200 ⇒ % passing=30% <50%
∴ Soil is coarse (G or S).
Check #7 and #200
% G =100-% passing #7=100-69=31%
%S = % passing #7 -%passing #200=69-30=39%.
Since % S >% G ⇒ the soil is Sand (S).
Check #200 again ⇒ % Passing =30% >12%
By using Plasticity chart (L.L =45, P. L=30 ∴ PI=45-30=15).
∴M (from chart) ∴ soil is SM
For Soil D: -
Check #200 ⇒ % passing=56% >75%
∴ Soil is fine (Clay or silt).
By using Plasticity chart (L.L =55, P. L=25 ∴ PI=55-25=30). This point is above of
line so that the soil is clay C.
Since L.L>50% ⇒ soil is high plasticity H
∴ Soil is CH.
Example2:- Classify the following soils in to USCS:-
% Passing (% finer)
Sieve No. Dia.(mm)
Soil A Soil B Soil C
#7 2.411 40 69 95
#14 1.202 30 54 90
#52 0.295 22 46 83
#100 0.152 20 41 71
#200 0.075 15 36 55
L.L % 35 39 55
P.L % 22 27 24
Sol:-
For Soil A: -
Check #200 ⇒ % passing=15% <50%
∴ Soil is coarse (G or S).
Check #7 and #200
% G =100-% passing #7=100-40=60%
%S = % passing #7 -%passing #200=40-15=30%.
Since % G >% S ⇒ the soil is Gravel (G).
Check #200 again ⇒ % Passing =15% >12%
By using Plasticity chart, this point is above of line so that the soil is clay C.
∴ Soil is GC.
For the same procedure (Soil B “SM” and Soil C “CH”)

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