Mathematics 10

Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 8
Geometric Sequence
Mathematics – Grade 10
Quarter 1 – Self-Learning Module 8: Geometric Sequence
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Leah F. Balajadia, Randell A. Diaz, Redentor J. Dizon III
Editor: Revie G. Santos
Reviewers: Revie G. Santos; Ma. Cynthia P. Badana; Ma. Victoria L. Peñalosa
Illustrator: Leah F. Balajadia
Layout Artist: Janeth D. Morte
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
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Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
Mathematics 10
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 8
Geometric Sequence
Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 10 Self–Learning Module on Geometric

Sequence!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators both from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by
its Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the self-learning module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this self-
learning module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the self-learning module.
For the Learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 10 Self–Leaning Module on Geometric

Sequence!

This self-learning module was designed to provide you with fun and
meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being
an active learner.

This self-learning module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

1. Find the common ratio of a given geometric sequence.

2. Give the next two terms of a given geometric sequence.

PRETEST

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Write the letter that corresponds to the
correct answer.
1. What is the common ratio of the geometric sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, 16…?
1
A. 𝑟 = 1 B. 𝑟 = C. 𝑟 = 2 D. 𝑟 = 4
2

2. What is the common difference of the geometric sequence 2, −6, 18, −54, 162?
1 1
A. 𝑟 = −3 B. 𝑟 = 3 C. 𝑟 = 3 D. 𝑟 = − 3

3. What is the next term of the geometric sequence 192, 96, 48, 24, 12?

A. 8 B. 0 C. −6 D. 6
1 1 1 1
4. What are the next two terms of the geometric sequence , , , , 1?
256 64 16 4

1 1
A. 0, −1 B. 4, 16 C. 2, 4 D. − 4 , − 16

5. What are the next two terms of the geometric sequence 243, 81, 27, 9, 3?
1 1 1 1
A. 1, 3 B. 1, −3 C. 3 , 9 D.1, − 3

RECAP

Simplify the following expressions.

1 1
1. (24) (3) 4. (5) ÷ (5)
1 1 6 1
2. (4) (2) 5. (7) ÷ (2)
9 2
3. (16) (3)
 LESSON

In the previous lessons, we have learned about the arithmetic sequence. This
time, we will be discussing another kind of sequence and that is geometric
sequence.
Geometric sequence is a sequence of numbers in which the ratio in
between the terms is constant. We call the quotient between two consecutive terms
of a geometric sequence as the common ratio (r). We can get the next term by
multiplying the common ratio to the previous term.

Example:

Find the common ratio and the next two terms of the following geometric sequence.

1. 1, 3, 9, 27, _____, _____

The first thing we need to do in order to find the next terms is to get the
common ratio by dividing the second term by the first term, the third term by the
second number and so on. That is,
3 9 27
=3 =3 =3 𝑟=3
1 3 9

𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑎3 𝑎4 𝑎5 𝑎6
1 3 9 27 ? ?

3 3 3
The common ratio is 3. We will now multiply 3 to the fourth term to get the
fifth term and multiply 3 to the fifth term to get the sixth term.
𝑎5 = 27(3) = 81
𝑎6 = 81(3) = 243

Therefore, the next two terms of the geometric sequence are 81 and 243.

2. 6, 12, 24, 48, _____, _____

So, to answer the next two terms, we need to get the common ratio first. To
get that, let us divide the second term by the first term, the third term by the
second term and so on.
12 24 48
6
=2 12
=2 24
=2 𝑟=2

We obtain a common ratio of 2. We can now multiply 2 to the fourth term to

get the next term and so on.
𝑎5 = 48(2) = 96

𝑎6 = 96(2) = 192
Therefore, the next two terms of the geometric sequence are 96 and 192.
 3. −2, 8, −32, 128, _____, _____

Let us solve for the common ratio.

8 −32 128
−2
= −4 8
= −4 −32
= −4 𝑟 = −4

The common ratio is −4. Let us now solve for the next two terms.
𝑎5 = 128(−4) = −512

𝑎6 = −512(−4) = 2048

Thus, the next two terms of the geometric sequence are −512 and 2048.

4. 64, 32, 16, 8, _____, _____

We need to find the common ratio for this example. That is,
32 1 16 1 8 1 1
64
=2 32
=2 16
=2 𝑟=2

1
The common ratio obtained is 2. We can now find the next two terms of the
geometric sequence.
1
𝑎5 = 8 ( ) = 4
2
1
𝑎6 = 4 ( ) = 2
2
The next two terms of the geometric sequence are 4 and 2.

1 1
5. 3, 1, 3 , 9 , _____, _____

Find the common ratio for the given geometric sequence.

1 1⁄ 1⁄
3
= 1⁄3 1
3
= 1⁄3 1⁄
9
= 1⁄3 𝑟 = 1⁄3
3

1
The common ratio of the geometric sequence is 3. Let us now solve for the
next two terms.
1 1 1
𝑎5 = ( ) =
9 3 27
1 1 1
𝑎6 = ( )=
27 3 81
1 1
Therefore, the next two terms of the geometric sequence are 27
and 81
.
 ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Direction: Find the common ratio and the next two terms of the following
geometric sequences.

1. 6, 24, 96, 384, _____, _____

2. 1, 5, 25, 125, 625, _____, _____
3. 3, −12, 48, −192, 768, _____, _____
4. 1024, 256, 64, 16, 4, _____, _____
1 1 1
5. 2, 1, 2 , 4 , 8, _____, _____

ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!

Direction: Find the common ratio and the next two terms of the following
geometric sequences.

1. 1, 2, 4, 8, _____, _____
2. 100, 50, 25, 12.5, _____, _____
3. 5, 20, 80, 320, _____, _____
4. 108, 36, 12, 4, _____, _____
5. −3, 6, −12, 24, _____, _____

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

Direction: Find the common ratio and the next two terms of the following
geometric sequences.

1. −7, 14, −28, 56, −112, _____, _____

2. 10, 40, 160, 640, _____, _____
7 7 7
3. 7, − 2 , 4 , − 8, _____, _____
4. 15, 3, 0.6, 0.12, _____, _____
1 1 1
5. , − , , −1, _____, _____
27 9 3
 WRAP–UP

Geometric Sequence is a sequence where each term after the first is

obtained by multiplying the preceding term by a nonzero constant called common
ratio. The common ratio (r) can be determined by dividing any term in the
sequence by the previous term.

To find the common ratio of a given geometric sequence

1. Divide each terms by the previous term.

2. Simplify the result.

To find the next term/s of a given geometric sequence

1. Find the common ratio if it is not given.

2. Multiply the last given term by the common ratio to get the next one.

VALUING

Reflection: (Journal Writing)

The number of COVID-19 confirmed cases multiply each day and grows
geometrically. As a responsible student, how can you help your community in
preventing the growth on the number of confirmed cases?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
 POSTTEST

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Write the letter that corresponds to the
correct answer.

1. What is the common ratio of the geometric sequence 3, 15, 75, 375, …?
1 1
A. 𝑟 = 3 B. 𝑟 = C. 𝑟 = D. 𝑟 = 5
5 3

2. What is the common ratio of the geometric sequence −16, −8, −4, −2 …?
1 1
A. 𝑟 = 2 B. 𝑟 = C. 𝑟 = −2 D. 𝑟 = −
2 2
1 1 1
3. What are the next two terms of the geometric sequence , , , 1?
8 4 2

1 1 1
A. −1, − B. − , − C. 2, 4 D. −2, −4
2 2 4

4. What are the next two terms of the geometric sequence 2187, 729, 243, 81?

A. 27, 9 B. 40.5, 20.25 C. 9, 3 D. 3, 1

5. What are the next two terms of the geometric sequence 4, −4, 4, −4?

A. 4, −4 B. −4, 4 C. 4, 1 D. −4, 1
 KEY TO CORRECTION
A 5. 7
5.
12
B 4.
PRETEST RECAP 4. 25
D 3. 8
3.
A 2. 3
8
C 1. 2.
1
1. 8

ACTIVITY 1 ACTIVITY 2

16 32
, 5. 𝑟 = 2 −48, 96 5. 𝑟 = −2
1 1 1 3 9 3
4 4 , 4. 𝑟 =
1, 4. 𝑟 = 4 4 1
1 1 1280, 5120 3. 𝑟 = 4
−3072, 12288 3. 𝑟 = −4
6.25, 3.125 2. 𝑟 = 0.5
3125, 15625 2. 𝑟 = 5
16, 32 1. 𝑟 = 2
1536, 6144 1. 𝑟 = 4

3, −9 5. 𝑟 = −3
0.024, 0.0048 4. 𝑟 = 0.2
ACTIVITY 3 , − 32
16
3. 𝑟 = − 2
7 7 1
2560, 10240 2. 𝑟 = 4
224, −448 1. 𝑟 = −2

5. B 4. A 3. C 2. C 1. D
POSTTEST

References
Callanta, Melvin, Canonigo, Allan, and Arnaldo Chua. Mathematics Learner’s Module
10. Manila: Department of Education, 2015.

Nivera, Gladys, and Minie Rose Lapinid. Grade 10 Mathematics: Patterns and
Practicalities K – 12. Manila: Salesiana Books by Don Bosco Press, Inc., 2015.

Oronce, Orlando, and Marilyn Mendoza. E – Math 10: Worktext in Mathematics.

Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc., 2017.

Oronce, Orlando, and Marilyn Mendoza. E – Math II: Intermediate Algebra, Worktext
in Mathematics for Second Year High School. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.,
2007.

Oronce, Orlando, and Marilyn Mendoza. Exploring Mathematics II: Intermediate

Algebra. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc., 2003.