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Simple Machines - Student 2

This document defines and describes the six simple machines: lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, wedge, and screw. It provides details on the history and functioning of each machine, noting their uses in ancient civilizations from as early as 5000 BC. The document also briefly discusses compound machines, which are made up of two or more simple machines combined, and credits Archimedes as developing some of the earliest compound machines in the 3rd century BC to move ships.

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61 views

Simple Machines - Student 2

This document defines and describes the six simple machines: lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, wedge, and screw. It provides details on the history and functioning of each machine, noting their uses in ancient civilizations from as early as 5000 BC. The document also briefly discusses compound machines, which are made up of two or more simple machines combined, and credits Archimedes as developing some of the earliest compound machines in the 3rd century BC to move ships.

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Simple Machines

Student 2
What is a simple Machine?
A simple machine is a devices that are used to modify motion and make
work task easier to perform. Simple Machines can use leverage or
mechanical advantages to increase force.
What are the six simple machines?
★ Lever
★ Pulley
★ Wheel and Axle
★ Incline Plane
★ Wedge
★ Screw
Lever
The lever is made up of a rigid beam
and fulcrum.Levers simply rely on
torque for their operation.Levers are
used to lift loads with less effort.
Levers were probably used around
5000 B.C. The invention of the lever
was credited to Greek philosopher,
Archimedes.
WHEEL
AND AXLE
The wheel and axle is a simple machine used for
manipulating force by applying the concept of
mechanical advantage.Like raising weights or
water buckets from wells. The wheel and axle is
closely related to gears. It was invented in the
4th millennium B.C. It was only 2000B.C. that the
disc began to be hollowed out to make a lighter
wheel
Pulley
The Pulley is a wheel that consist of a groove along its
edge for holding a rope or cable.Pulleys are usually used
to reduce the amount of force needed to lift a
load.Archimedes invented the first documented block and
tackle pulley system, as recorded by Plutarch. The pulley
dates. back to Ancient Egypt in the Twelfth Dynasty
(1991-1802 B.C.E)
Incline
Plane
The ideas of the incline plane was never invented by
anyone. The inclined plane was used around the
Renaissance period. Fialileo included it to work ”on
mechanics” but he did not invent it.The machine was used
as a ramp.
Wedge
Wedges were used in Africa since the earliest Stone Age,
about 26 Million years ago.Although wedges were stone
hand-axes, their sharp edges were made to cut
meat,branches, and split big pieces of wood.
Screw
Screws didn’t get used until 700 B.C. The use of
screws then was to press cider,wine,oil,and lift
water.Screws weren’t invented but existed in
nature.The screws worked by going around into a
force that went up and down.
compound
machines
Archimedes is somewhat credited with creating the compound
machine.It was used to move ships in Syracuse around the third
century B.C. Though the earliest accepted description of the
compound machine was in the first century A.D. by the hero of
Alexandria. The compound machine consist of two or more
simple machines. Some e planes of the machine is: can openers,
shovels, and jacks.
Resources Page
1. https://www.britannica.com/technology/simple-machine#ref306822
2. http://www.hawaii.edu/archimedes/Archimedes_the%20_Man.htm#:~:text=Archimedes%20defined%20the%20principle%20of,lo
wer%20to%20a%20higher%20level.
3. https://letstalkscience.ca/educational-resources/backgrounders/simple-machines-levers
4. https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Wheel_and_axle#:~:text=The%20wheel%20and%20axle%20is,it%2C%20known%20as%
20the%20axle.
5. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Mechanics/lever.html#c2
6. https://www.citeco.fr/10000-years-history-economics/the-origins/invention-of-the-wheel#:~:text=The%20wheel%20was%20inv
ented%20in,to%20make%20a%20lighter%20wheel.
7. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Pulley
8. https://www.edinformatics.com/math_science/simple_machines/inclined_plane.htm
9. https://quatr.us/physics/wedge-simple-machines-physics.htm
10. https://quatr.us/physics/screw-simple-machines-physics.htm
11. https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn5103-spiral-ring-reveals-ancient-complex-machines/#:~:text=Archimedes%20is%20so
metimes%20credited%20with,in%20the%20first%20century%20AD.
12. https://www.toppr.com/guides/physics/force/simple-machines/#Compound_Machines

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