BERETTA

9m/m mod.
951

A product of

THE FIRST ITALIAN

ARMS MANUFACTURER

P. BERETTA S.p.A.
Established in 1680

GARDONE V. T.
BRESCA - ITALY
Beretta Model 951

automatic pistol Beretta model 951

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Beretta Model 951

Preface

The definite adoption of the 9 mm calibre " parabellum " for the automatic pistols issued to the Armed
Forces and Police detachments during the last war, was not only caused by the necessity to unify the
calibres of pistols and light machine guns (especially Sten gun type), of ever increasing diffusion with the
Armed Forces of the various countries, but also by the excellent ballistic characteristics of this calibre.
The difficulties in supply and adequate training as well as the serious inconveniencies produced in the
logistical sector of operating units, and caused by the existing differences in calibre of the small arms, are
well known.

This need for the unification of the small arms calibres was felt most strongly by the Navy and Air-Craft
Forces it their special detachments often engaged in isolated raids, landing operations, command actions,
police service, etc. And the considerable supply difficulties aggravated by the special displacements of
these units (such as bridgeheads, ports, observation points, airports, etc.) made it necessary to reduce the
types of ammunition to be issued to each group to the absolute minimum.

To satisfy above-mentioned requirements the " Pietro Beretta " Weapon Factory decided to study and to
realize a " 9 mm. long " calibre automate pistol, answering to the above characteristics, and which does
represent not only the experiences gained by its staff in the manufacture of over 2 million pistols, but also
the results of the studies and experiences of the best foreign industries.

This pistol uses as locking device a vertically sliding, catch, the recharging system is based upon the
recoil of the barrel; both operations have already been proved with excellent results by the construction
technique here and in the best foreign industries. The system presents, in addition, and compared with
that based upon fixed barrel and single gas utilization, with equal cartridge and weight, the considerable
advantage of a sensible reduction of the recoil speed with the consequent reduction in the jumping of the
weapon during the firing. Outstanding are the excellent results obtained through the use of the light alloy
"Ergal" in the manufacture of the body, which made possible the reduction of the weight of the 9 mm long
to an only 0,720 kg. (25.4 ozs), using at the same time the ammunition of the light machine gun which is
considerable more powerful than the normal 9 mm. long ammunition as used before the war. The
weapon, despite its reduced weight, has been especially studied for this ammunition which develops a
maximum pressure of 2100 kg/cm' (29,862 Ibs/sq.in.).

The cartridge, weighing 7,45 g. (0.25 ozs), possesses an initial speed of 340 m/sec (1164 ft/sec) with a
considerable stopping power up to 150-200 m. (500-650 ft).

The 9 mm. short pistol, which forms part of standard equipment of the Italian Army, weighs 0,710 kg. (25.1
ozs), its cartridge, of 6 g. weight (0.21 ozs), develops a pressure off 1200 kg/CM2 (17,064 lbs/sq. in.) with
an initial speed of 280 m/sec (920 ft/sec). Thus the 9 mm. long, though only very slightly heavier,
possesses by far superior ballistic characteristics.

The experiences of the recent Korean war proved that an individual defense weapon of high ballistic
qualities is still required, the more so against the dangers of enemy raids and partisan warfare met with
during the supply and contact service, and which demands a ready reaction based upon efficient weapons
of outstanding offensive power.

Modern warfare, in fact, created the phenomena of guerrilla warfare which takes place at the flanks, of the
operational army units, and the use of pistols and light machine guns, despite the development of new
weapons possessing a very high destructive power, cannot yet be considered as obsolete even in modern
theatres of war.

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Beretta Model 951

Main Characteristics

System Recoil barrel locked by a vertically sliding catch

Operation
Standard magazine charge: 8 rounds
Magazines Special magazine charge: 10 rounds (a further round may be placed into the
chamber)

Weight Weight of the weapon with magazine (but without holster'):

Steel (frame) body: 890 g. (31.4 ozs)
Ergal (frame) body: 720 g. (25.4 ozs)

Caliber Calibre: 9 mm.

Cartridge: 9 long standard for pistols and machine pistols «(parabellum ») or sub -
machine guns
Maximum recoil speed of bolt approx. 7,5 m/sec (24.6 ft/sec')
Weight of cartridge: 7,45 g. (0.25 ozs)
Weight of charge: 0,39 g. (6 grains)
Initial speed V 10: approx. 340 m/sec (1164 ft/sec)
Maximum gas pressure: 2100 kg/CM2 (29,862 lbs/ sq. in.)

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Beretta Model 951

Nomenclature

Bolt Assembly
Bolt, Barrel, Locking Block, Recoil
spring, Recoil spring guide

Barrel Assembly
Barrel Locking Block

Recoil spring Recoil spring guide

Body (Frame) Assembly

Magazine Assembly

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Beretta Model 951

Main Parts

1 Body 14 Sear ever 27 Ejector p in 40 Check Screws

15 Sear Lever and Safety Catch
2 Bolt 28 Magazine Chamber 41 Right Check
Spring
29 Magazine Spring (Feeder
3 Barrel 16 Sear Lever Pivot 42 Left Check
Spring)
4 Percussion Pin 17 Trigger 30 Magazine Feeder 43 Bolt Catch Lever
44 Bolt Catch Lever Spring
5 Percussion Pin Spring 18 Trigger Lever 31 Magazine Base
Screw
6 Extractor 19 Trigger Lever Spring 32 Base Plate 45 Bolt Catch Lever Spring
7 Extractor Spring 20 Trigger Lever Spring Rod 33 Magazine Catch Button 46 Trigger Pivot
8 Extractor Pin 21 Trigger Lever Pivot 34 Magazine Catch Spring 47 Bolt Catch Lever Pin
9 Hammer 22 Trigger Lever Disengaging Rod 35 Magazine Catch 48 Safety Catch
10 Hammer Spring Rod 23 Disassembling Catch 36 Locking Catch 49 Rear Sight
11 Hammer Spring 24 Recoil Spring Rod 37 Locking Catch Control Pin 50 Locking Catch Spring
12 Hammer Pivot 25 Recoil Spring 38 Control Pin Screw 39 Catch Screw

13 Hammer Spring Rod Support 26 Ejector

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Beretta Model 951

Instructions

Grip the pistol with the right hand and with the left
introduce the magazine pushing it well into the
chamber until it is locked by the catch. Grip the bolt by
the checkered part pulling it back with a quick move,
then let it snap forward (this operation will be
accelerated by previously lowering the hammer). The
weapon is now loaded and ready to be fired.

Pulling now the trigger the trigger lever is pushed back

against the hammer catch and throws it over, liberating
thus the hammer which, in turn, is pushed forward by
its compressed spring hitting the percussion pin and
firing the weapon.

The firing mechanism of this weapon differs from previous Beretta models in that it presents a very high
sensibility without, however, the danger of any untimely firing. This model, like the other models,
possesses a hammer controlled by two catches, of which the first one, the safety catch, stops the hammer
in case of insufficient lifting; preventing thus that it hits the percussion pin.

After the firing of a round the expanding gases act against the cartridge case pushing it and the bolt
together with the barrel, tightly locked to it, backwards.

After a backward movement of about 7 mm. (1/4 inch) pin (37) provided in the rear end of the barrel hits
against an angle of the body and, acting with its front end against the inclined recess at the lower part of
the locking catch, forces the latter to turn downwards, and to introduce its lateral guides into the slots
provided on the bolt. The backward movement of the barrel is stopped, while the bolt continues its recoil
effecting at the same time the extraction and ejection of the empty case.

The duration of the recoil of the barrel-bolt group has been studied in such a way that, at the moment of
the disconnection of the locking catch the bullet has already left the mouth of the pistol and the gases
have been completely dispersed.

The recoil spring is compressed by the backward movement of the bolt, at the same time, the hammer is
turned back and grips the sear lever so that the weapon is again ready.

Completed the recoil, the recoil spring carries the bolt again forwards. During this move the bolt grips a
round from the magazine and introduces it into the chamber, carrying at the same time the barrel forward
to its original position while the locking catch, forced by the inclined recess at the lower side, which slides
on a corresponding inclined surface, is turned upwards introducing its guides into the respective slots
provided on the bolt.

The trigger lever, during the recoil of the bolt, has been forced down by the disconnecting lever (22)
(controlled by the ribs of the bolt), and is thus disengaged from the sear lever which returns into its original
position. Thus a continuous uncontrolled firing of the weapon is made impossible even if the pressure is
kept by mistake upon the trigger. Leaving the trigger free, its lever is lifted and reengages the sear lever
pivot; the weapon is again ready to be fired. Renewing successively the pressure upon the trigger, the
above described operations will repeat themselves and the weapon will fire until the magazine is emptied.

Empty magazine:
As soon as the last round is fired and its case ejected, the magazine feeder will lift the bolt stopping catch
and fix the bolt in the recoil position; the weapon will thus remain open and the inconvenience, found with
other pistols, that the feeder of the empty magazine becomes blocked between body and bolt, with the

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Beretta Model 951

subsequent difficulty of the extraction of the magazine case, is prevented. To reload the weapon pull out
the empty magazine case, insert a full magazine and push the checkered button of bolt stopping lever
downwards; the latter, sliding down, will disengage the bolt which slides again forwards, introducing at the
same time a new round from the magazine into the chamber of the barrel. The weapon is ready to be
fired. This return of the bolt into forward position could also be affected by "ripping the checkered part of
the bolt and drawing it back. The lever, pushed by its spring, will slide down and disengage the bolt. (see
figure 5).

Round in barrel:

With a round in the barrel the end of the extractor remains slightly lifted and covers a red-marked sign; the
position can also be felt by touch only.

Safety catch:

The safety catch has been designed to function only with loaded hammer, it blocks at the same time the
hammer and the sear lever. Pushing the button of the catch from right to left the catch will engage the two
devices, pushing from the left to the right; they will be disengaged at the same moment.

This device has been studied to allow maximum speed to obtain the firing position, i. e., by simply pushing
the button with the thumb of the hand holding the weapon. The location of the button is such that, an
involuntary passage from the safe to the firing position is practically impossible.

With the weapon not in ready position the safety catch need not be engaged as the percussion pin is
completely blocked and kept in this position by its spring without extruding into -the breech: with a round in
the barrel the weapon could not fire even if the hammer should be pulled by accident.

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Beretta Model 951

Disassembling

Disassembling of the weapon is carried out as

follows:
1) make sure that the weapon is unloaded by
observing the position of the extractor end;
2) pull the hammer
3) pull the magazine out
4) grip the pistol with the left hand and, with the
left hand, push the bolt back until the recess
cut into the right side of the bolt corresponds to
the position of the disassembling catch (figure
6);
5) stop the bolt with the fore-finger of the left hand
in this position to allow the turning of the
checkered button of the disassembling catch;
6) turn the button by a quarter turn in direction of
the arrow etched into the body (see figure 7).

Barrel and bolt are now disengaged and can be

easily slid off the body. To disengage the bolt from
the barrel, take out the recoil spring and press the
button which operates the locking catch. The barrel
will then easily slide off the guides. For reassembly
repeat the same operations starting with the last;
rotating first the checkered assembling catch button
into the position shown on figure 7.

Cleaning
The weapon, when not too dirty, can be cleaned easily, and it is
quite sufficient to disassemble the barrel, the locking catch, bolt,
the recoil spring, and recoil spring guide.

It is, however, necessary to clean the barrel after the use of the
pistol, if possible, by washing it with petrol or kerosene, drying
well and carefully, and oiling slightly with non-acid oil (Vaseline,
neutral oil, etc.).

Should the weapon, however, be very dirty, covered with dust,

dirt, or show traces of rust, it will have to be completely
disassembled; then all parts have to be thoroughly washed as
before and dried with soft rags. After completely cleaning, oil
slightly with Vaseline or neutral oil.

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Beretta Model 951

Maintenance

The main rules to keep the weapon in good firing order are:
1. check the barrel before firing and control the functioning of the various parts;
2. control the magazine for possible deformations, especially along the lips, and check the regular
functioning of the feeder spring;
3. should a stoppage occur, stop firing and act as instructed below;
4. inspect the weapon after firing, clean and oil.

Stoppages
The most important stoppages which may occur are: misfire - incomplete locking - missed feeding -
blocked cartridge case - blocked round.

Misfire
This trouble can be caused by deformation or rupture of the percussion pin, by a weak hammer spring,
defects of the round, by dried oil, dirt, or other material blocking the free sliding of the percussion pin, by
incomplete locking caused by a weak recoil spring or dried oil and dirt in the grooves of the bolt. Recharge
hammer and repeat the firing. Should the stoppage re-occur, eject cartridge from the barrel by pulling the
bolt back. If the stoppage continues, control the parts indicated above and substitute those which are
damaged, used, or broken.

Incomplete locking
Incomplete locking can he caused by weakness or rupture of the recoil spring, or by dried oil and dirt in
the grooves of the bolt guides, on the surfaces of the locking catch slide planes, or in other devices
controlling the functioning of the various parts.

Unload weapon, cheek spring and change if required: if necessary, clean the weapon with special
attention to the grooves and planes.

Missed feeding
Missed feeding is caused by a weak feeder spring, damaged magazine case, or faulty functioning of the
magazine locking catch. - check and replace as required the faulty parts.

Blocked - cartridge case

The cartridge case can be blocked by faulty functioning of the ejector or extractor or the respective spring;
by incomplete recoil of the bolt due to foreign matter in the sliding grooves: take out the magazine, pull the
bolt back and shake the case out, cheek ejector and spring and change if faulty; at the same time clean
the grooves.

Blocked round
Take out the blocked round; if the stoppage repeats cheek the functioning of the feeder spring, the lips of
the magazine for possible damage; change whatever parts may be damaged. Control also the magazine
locking each.

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reprint by: shue