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Physics 2 Sessional

The document discusses several physics concepts including Ohm's law, series and parallel resistances, Coulomb's law, electric lines of force, telescopes, microscopes, and total internal reflection. Ohm's law states that current is directly proportional to potential difference. Series and parallel resistances are examined. Coulomb's law describes the force between two charges. Properties of electric lines of force and their uses are provided.

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32 views

Physics 2 Sessional

The document discusses several physics concepts including Ohm's law, series and parallel resistances, Coulomb's law, electric lines of force, telescopes, microscopes, and total internal reflection. Ohm's law states that current is directly proportional to potential difference. Series and parallel resistances are examined. Coulomb's law describes the force between two charges. Properties of electric lines of force and their uses are provided.

Uploaded by

NISHANT
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OHM`S LAW; AT CONSTANT TEMPERATURE THE CURRENT [I]

FLOWING THROUGH A CONDUCTOR IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO


THE POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE [V] ACROSS ITS TWO ENDS.

V=IR

COMBINATION OF RESISTANCES; 1 SERIES COMBINATION

2 PARALLEL COMBINATION

SERIES RESISTANCES ; LET US CONSIDER THREE RESISTANCE R1,R2


AND R3 CONNECTED IN SERIES IN WHICH SAME CURRENT FLOW THE
POTENTAL DIFFERENCE ACROSS R1,R2 AND R3 WILL BE V1,V2 AND V3
RESPECTIVELY THE TOTAL POTENTIAL ACROSS THE COMBINATION
WILL BE .

V = V1 +V2 +V3 -1 EQUATION

USING OHMS LAW

V1=R1 I ,V2 = R2 I ,V3=R3 I

PUT ALL VALUE IN 1 EQUATION

IR =R1 I +R2 I +R3 I

IR = I ( R1+R2+R3)
R= R1+R2+R3
PARALLEL RESISTANCES ; LET US CONSIDER R1 ,R2 AND R3 ARE
CONNECTED IN PARALLEL HAVING THE SAME POTENTIAL
DIFFERENCE THE CURRENT ACROSS R1 ,R2 AND R3 WILL BE I1 ,I2
AND I3 RESPECTIVELY THE TOTAL CURRENT IN THE COMBINATION
WILL BE.

I = I1 +I2 +I3 - 1 EQUATION

PUT ALL VALUE IN 1 EQUATION

COULOMB `S LAW ; ACCODING TO THIS LAW THE FORCE OF


ATTRACTION OR REPULSION BETWWEN THE TWO CHARGE IS
DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE PRODUCT OF THE CHARGES
INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO THE SQUARE OF THE DISTANE
BETWWEN THEM.
WHERE K IS THE CONSTANT OF PROPERTIONAL

ELECTRIC LINES OF FORCES; IMAGINARY LINE DRAW IN THE


ELECTRIC FIELD SHOWING THE DIRECTION OF FORCE DUE TO ANY
CHANGE AT A POINT IN FIELD IS CALLED LINES OF FORCES.

PROPERTIES OF ELECTRIC LINE OF FORCE

1 THE ELECTRIC LINE OF FORCE DO NOT PASS THROUGH A


CONDUCTOR . THUS ELECTRIC FIELD INSIDE A CONDUCTOR IS
ALWAYS ZERO.

2 ELECRIC LINES OF FORCE EMERGE FROM A POSITIVE CHARGE AND


MERGE AT NEGATIVE CHARGE .

3 PARALLEL LINES OF FORCE AT A POINT SHOW THE UNIFORM


ELECTRIC FIELD.

4 WHILE TRAVELLING IN THE SAME DIRECTION THEY REPEL EACH


OTHER.

TELESCOPE ; TELESCOPE IS AN OPTICAL DEVISE BY WHICH DISTANT


OBJECTS ARE SEEN BY THE HELP OF OBJECTIVE LENS AND EYE -LENS.
USE OF TELESCOPE

1 LOOKING AT THINGS THAT ARE TOO FAR AND EXAMING THEM.

2 USE TO STUDY OF ASTRONOMY.

3 USE TO MAKE BINOCULARS, MONUCULARS,SPYGLASSES AND


CAMARA LENSES.

4 USE TO STUDY THE NIGHT SKY.

MICROSCOPE ; MICROSCOPE IS THE OPTICAL DEVISE USED TO SEE


SMALL OBJECTS AFTER MAGNIFYING THEIR SIZE .

USES

1 MICROSCOPE ARE USE IN MEDICAL FIELED TO SEE VARIOUS VIRUS.

2FORENSICS USE MICROSCOPE TO COLLECT AND STUDY EVIDENCE


FROM CRIME SCENES.

3 MICROSCOPE USE TO OBSERVING SMALL THING LIKE


CELLS,BACTERIA ETC.

4 SCIENTISTS USE IT FOR GETTING MORE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT


SMALL INSECTS LIKE ANTS ,PLANT.

TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION ; IF ARAY OF LIGHT IS INCIDENT


FROM DENCER MEDIUM TO THE SURFACE OF RARER MEDIUM AT AN
ANGLE GREATER THAN CRITICAL ANGLE THEN IT IS TOTALLY
INTERNAL REFLECTED IS KNOWN AS TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION.
CONDITIONS OF T.I.R

1 INCIDENT RAY SHOULD PASS FROM DENSER MEDIUM TO RARRER


MEDIUM

2 ANGLE OF INCIDENCE IN DENCER MEDIUM MUST BE GREATER


THAN CRITICAL ANGLE

APPLICATION OF T.I.R

1 DIAMOND LIKE MANY CRYSTAL SHINE BECAUSE OF T.I.R

2 FEW DROPES ON GLASS ,LEAVE IN THE MORNING SHINE BECAUSE


OF T.I.R

3 GLASS FIBRE WHICH ARE USED IN TOYSALSO WORKS ON THE


PRINCIPAL OF T.I.R

4 IN DESERTS MIRAGE EFFECTS IS DUE TO T.I.R

5 IN MEDICAL SCIENCE USE OF CAMERA OR FINE FIBRE TUBE IS USED


TO SEE THE INTERNAL PARTS OF THE BODY

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