Physics 201 : Discussion 15

42. In the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, the electron moves in a circular orbit of
radius 0.529 ! 10 –10 m around the proton. Assuming the orbital angular momentum of the
electron is equal to h/2 ! , calculate (a) the orbital speed of the electron, (b) the kinetic energy
of the electron, and (c) the angular frequency of the electron’s motion.

h h 6.626 1! 10 "34 J # s
P11.42 (a) L= = mvr so v = v= = 2.19 ! 106 m s
2! 2!mr (
2$ 9.11! 10
-31
)(
kg 0.529 ! 10
"10
m )
1 1
( )( )
2
(b) K= mv2 = 9.11 ! 10"31 kg 2.19 ! 106 m s = 2.18 ! 10 "18 J
2 2

L ! 1.055 " 10 #34 J $ s

(c) ! = = 2 = = 4.13 " 1016 rad s
( )( )
2
I mr 9.11 " 10 #31 kg 0.529 " 10#10 m
50. A projectile of mass m moves to the right with a speed vi (Fig. P11.50a). The projectile
strikes and sticks to the end of a stationary rod of mass M, length d, pivoted about a
frictionless axle through its center (Fig. P11.50b). (a) Find the angular speed of the system
right after the collision. (b) Determine the fractional loss in mechanical energy due to the
collision.

Figure P11.50
P11.50 (a) Angular momentum is conserved:

mvi d ! 1 ! d$ $
2
2
= ## Md + m# & &&'
2 " 12 " 2% %
6mvi
' =
Md + 3md

1
(b) The original energy is mv2i .
2
The final energy is FIG. P11.50

1 2 1" 1 md2 % 36m2 v2i 3m2 v2i d

I! = $ Md2 + ' 2 = .
2 2 # 12 4 & (Md + 3md) 2( Md + 3md)

The loss of energy is

1 2 3m2 v2i d mMv2i d

mvi ! =
2 2 (Md + 3md) 2( Md + 3md)

and the fractional loss of energy is

mMv2i d2 M
= .
2( Md + 3md) mv2i M + 3m
54. A solid cube of wood of side 2a and mass M is resting on a horizontal surface. The cube
is constrained to rotate about an axis AB (Fig. P11.54). A bullet of mass m and speed v is shot at
the face opposite ABCD at a height of 4a/3. The bullet becomes embedded in the cube. Find
the minimum value of v required to tip the cube so that it falls on face ABCD. Assume m << M.

Figure P11.54
P11.54 For the cube to tip over, the center of mass (CM) must rise so
that it is over the axis of rotation AB. To do this, the CM must be
raised a distance of a( 2 ! 1) .

(
! Mga 2 " 1 = ) 1
I #2
2 cube

From conservation of angular momentum,

4a ! 8Ma2 $
mv = # &'
3 " 3 %
mv
' =
2 Ma
1 8Ma2 $ m2 v2
!
# &
2 " 3 % 4M 2 a 2
(
= Mga 2 ( 1 ) FIG. P11.54

v=
M
m
(
3 ga 2 ( 1 )
56. A uniform solid disk is set into rotation with an angular speed ! i about an axis through
its center. While still rotating at this speed, the disk is placed into contact with a horizontal
surface and released as in Figure P11.56. (a) What is the angular speed of the disk once pure
rolling takes place? (b) Find the fractional loss in kinetic energy from the time the disk is
released until pure rolling occurs. (Hint: Consider torques about the center of mass.)

Figure P11.56
P11.56 (a) The net torque is zero at the point of contact, so the angular momentum before and after the
collision must be equal.

!1 $ !1 $ !i
# MR2 &' i = # MR2 &' + MR2 '
"2 % "2 %
( ) ! =
3

( )("3 ) ( )#( )
2 R" i 2
!E
1 1
2 2
MR2 i
+ 12 M 3
1 1
2 2
MR2 " 2i 2
(b) = = #
E (
1 1
2 2 MR
2
)
" 2i 3