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Algebra Unit 3 Notes

The document defines rings and ideals and discusses their properties. It covers topics such as prime ideals, maximal ideals, integral domains, units of rings, and the field of quotients. It provides definitions and asks to prove or disprove statements related to these concepts.

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hanifashrafi95
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12 views

Algebra Unit 3 Notes

The document defines rings and ideals and discusses their properties. It covers topics such as prime ideals, maximal ideals, integral domains, units of rings, and the field of quotients. It provides definitions and asks to prove or disprove statements related to these concepts.

Uploaded by

hanifashrafi95
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 3.

Rings

1. Suppose R is a ring without non-zero zero divisors and R contains a


non-zero element b such that b2 = b then show that b is the multiplica-
tive identity of R.
2. Show that, finite integral domain is a field.
3. define characteristic of a ring. Show that characteristic of an integral
domain is either 0 or prime.
4. Show that S = {a/b ∈ Q : ainZ is an odd integer} is a subring of Q
but not an ideal.
5. Show that, the only ideals of field R are (0) and itself and converse is
true in case R is a commutative ring with unity.
6. Find all the ideals of Z36 .
√
7. Show
√ that Z[ 2] has infinitely many units while the only units of
Z[ −2] are 1 and -1.
 
a b
8. Let R = M2 (Z) and consider it’s ideal I = { / a, b, c, d ∈ 2Z},
c d
then list the elements of R/I.
9. Define prime ideal of a commutative ring. Show that , an ideal P of a
commutative ring R with unity is a prime ideal if and only if R/P is
an integral domain.
10. Define maximal ideal of a commutative ring. Show that , an ideal M
of a commutative ring R with unity is a maximal ideal if and only if
R/M is a field.
11. Prove or disprove : Every prime ideal is maximal.
12. Prove or disprove : Every maximal ideal is prime.
13. Prove or disprove : Every prime ideal of a finite commutative ring with
unity is maximal.
14. Let R be a commutative ring with unity such that a2 = a for all a ∈ R.
Let I be a prime ideal of R, then show that |R/I| = 2.

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15. R be a commutative ring with unity and let I be a proper ideal with
the property that every element of R that is not in I is an unit in R.
Prove that I is the unique maximal ideal of R.
16. Let D be an integral domain. Show that every proper ideal of D is
contained in a maximal ideal.
17. State and prove the fundamental theorem of ring homomorphism.
18. Show that any ring with unity contains a subring isomorphic to Z or
Zn for some natural number n.
19. Show that any field has a subfield isomorphic to Z or Zp .
20. Show that every integral domain is embedded in a field, the field of
quotients.
21. Find the field of quotients of Z[i].
22. Show that the field of quotients of an integral domain is the smallest
field containing that integral domain.
23. Suppose Φ : Zm → Zn is a ring homomorphism. Prove that, if Φ(1) = a
then a2 = a. Give example to show that the converse is not true.
24. Show that, I = {f ∈ F [R, R] / f (π) = 0} is a maximal ideal of the
ring of real valued functions over R.
25. Let Φ : R → S be an onto ring homomorphism and J be an ideal of
ring S.
Prove or disprove : If J is a prime ideal then Φ−1 (J) is a prime ideal
of R.
Prove or disprove : If J is a maximal ideal then Φ−1 (J) is a maximal
ideal of R.

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